A Case of Adult-Onset Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Relapsed after 15-year of Complete Remission / 대한신장학회잡지

We report an unusual case of adult minimal change nephrotic syndrome relapsed after 15-year of complete remission. In this case, the disease had occurred to the patient for the first time when he was 52 years old; relatively high age, and had been remitted with steroid therapy. After 15 years of complete remission, he visited our hospital with the symptoms of the generalized edema and the pitting edema of both lower extremities that occurred 15 days ago. Massive proteinuria(15, 865 mg/day) and hypoalbuminemia(1.7 g/dL) were detected. The pathologic evaluation of the biopsied specimen of the kidney showed the global sclerosis in 19% of glomeruli in light microscopic finding and the fusion of epithelial foot processes in electron microscopic finding. He was treated with pulse steroid therapy (methylprednisolone 500 mg/day iv for 3 days) and then, with oral prednisolone (60 mg/day). Generalized edema and proteinuria disappeared after 14 days of treatment, and there has been no relapse ever since. Adult-onset minimal change nephrotic syndrome relapses within 4 years after complete remission in 90 % of relapsed patients. The relapse after more than 5 years of complete remission, like this case, is very rare, especially in the case of late-onset disease. However, the possibility of relapse of the minimal change nephrotic syndrome after several years of its remission should be considered constantly and the long-term follow-up more than 10 years may be needed.

The Classification and Clinical Importance of the Anterior Attic Bony Plate on Temporal Bone CT / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Anterior attic bony plate (cog) is a coronally oriented bony septum which is suspended from the anterior petrosal tegmen, and the anterior epitympanic recess is partitioned from epitympanum by this bony plate. It is an important pathway for anterior drainage which can cause inflammation in obstructed conditions; therefore, it needs appropriate procedure to eradicate the lesions without recurrence. We aimed to classify types of the anterior attic bony plates on the temporal bone CT and to find correlation between the types of the anterior attic bony plates and the development of chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 264 cases of the temporal bone CT of the normal and the chronic otitis media patients, of which 64 cases were excluded as lesions could not be identified due to severe destruction and obscurity of the figure. RESULTS: In normal ears, the incidence of the anterior attic bony plate was 67% in the plate type, 28% in the pyramid type, and 5% in the anterior type. In the diseased ear, the incidences were 40%, 44%, 16%, in the plate type, pyramid type, and anterior type, respectively and in the cholesteatoma ear, 30%, 43%, 27%, respectively. The difference of incidence was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: We assumed that the development of the chronic otitis media is related to the type of the anterior attic bony plate in some degree. Especially, the anterior type was more prominent in cholesteatoma than in noncholesteatoma with a statistical significance. Further studies are needed to figure out the correlation between the type of the anterior attic bony plate and it's clinical importance.