Human papillomavirus genotype-specific risk in cervical carcinogenesis / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of genotype-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) infections for the spectrum of cervical carcinogenesis and the distribution of HPV types according to age and different cervical lesions METHODS: This study included HPV-positive women who underwent cervical biopsy at the Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center between July 1, 2011 and December 31, 2017. HPV genotyping was conducted using a Cheil HPV DNA chip kit. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 400 normal, 399 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, 400 CIN 2, 400 CIN 3, and 389 cervical cancer cases. HPV 16 was the most common type found with a prevalence of 9.5% in normal, 6.8% in CIN 1, 15.0% in CIN 2, 44.5% in CIN 3, and 64.3% in cervical cancer. The most common HPV types were 16, 52, 58, 53, 51, 56, 68, and 18 in all study samples. HPV 16, 31, 33, and 58 were more common in CIN 2/3 and cancer, and HPV 39, 51, 53, 56, 66, and 68 were more common in CIN 1 and normal cases (p<0.001). In CIN 3 and cervical cancer, HPV 16 was the most common type in all age groups. HPV 52 was the most common type in CIN 2 (all age groups) and in CIN 1/normal (age ≤30 years) cases. Among the high-risk HPV types, 16, 31, 33, 52, and 58 showed significant risk for high-grade disease. CONCLUSIONS: HPV 16, 31, 33, 52, and 58 showed the significant risk of high-grade disease for cervical carcinogenesis.

Combined SYBR Green real-time polymerase chain reaction and microarray method for the simultaneous determination of human papillomavirus loads and genotypes

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the principle of the Cheil HPV DNA Chip assay and evaluate its accuracy. In order to quantify the human papillomavirus (HPV) load and identify HPV genotypes simultaneously, this assay combined the two methods: SYBR Green quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA microarray. METHODS: We designed novel consensus primer sets that target the conserved region of the HPV L1 gene for quantifying and detecting a broad range of HPV types by quantitative real-time PCR. Subsequently, using the PCR products, DNA microarray was performed with 36 HPV type-specific probes. To validate this method, direct sequencing and correlation analysis among HPV genotype, viral load, and cytological abnormality was performed by Cohen’s kappa values, two-sided McNemar chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and odds ratios. RESULTS: The kappa value of the Cheil HPV DNA Chip was 0.963 (95% confidence interval, 0.919 to 0.98), which was significantly higher than the value of 0.527 (95% confidence interval, 0.447 to 0.59) obtained using a conventional HPV DNA Chip. HPV16 (χ²=62.28, P<0.01), HPV33 (χ²=7.18, P<0.01), and HPV58 (χ²=9.52, P<0.01), which are classified as high-risk HPVs, were detected at significant levels in samples with high-grade lesions. And viral loads tended to be higher in groups with high odds ratios. CONCLUSION: The Cheil HPV DNA Chip is an effective diagnostic assay for simultaneously detecting HPV genotypes and loads in cervical samples.

A Study of Susceptibility between Allergic Rhinitis and FcepsilonRIbeta Gene Polymorphism Study in Korean / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Human basophils and mast cells play a central role in allergic disease. The beta subunit of the high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRIbeta) gene is one of the candidate genes for atopy because of its important role in initiating type I allergic reaction in mast cells and basophils. We therefore tested whether Gly237Glu variants of FcepsilonRIbeta are associated with atopy in the Korean population. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Blood samples for genetic analysis were obtained from 175 individuals with allergic rhinitis and from 191 healthy subjects without atopic diseases. Polymerase chain reaction-based assay for FcepsilonRIbeta Glu237Gly was used for genotyping. Serum total IgE levels were determined by using the immunoassay. Eosinophil values were determined by eosinophil numbers per total cell numbers per microliteriter. RESULTS: There were no differences in the frequencies of the genotypes and alleles of FcepsilonRIbeta between the controls and patients (p>0.05). Blood eosinophil count and total serum IgE levels were not statistically different in the genotypes of FcepsilonRIbeta in allergic rhinitis (p>0.05). Although statistical significance of genotypes of FcepsilonRIbeta was not observed with respect to gender in allergic rhinitis (p=0.057), mutant genotype was two times more prevalent in male patients than in female patients. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest the FcepsilonRIbeta Glu237Gly polymorphism does not affect the susceptibility of Koreans to allergic rhinitis. But our finding indicates that, males as opposed to females, might be predisposed to have the mutant genotype.

A Study of Susceptibility between Allergic Rhinitis and Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Polymorphism Study in Korean / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes have an important role in preventing the build-up of reactive oxygen species. Polymorphisms in genes involved in response to oxidative stress may play a role in the susceptibility to allergic diseases in human. A common homozygous deletion(null type) polymorphism of the GST gene abolishes the antioxidative enzyme activity. We investigated whether the profile of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes might be associated with the risk of allergic rhinitis. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Blood samples for genetic analysis were obtained from 287 individuals with allergic rhinitis and from 262 healthy subjects without atopic diseases. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based assay for GSTM1and GSTT1 was used for genotyping. RESULTS: The null genotype was more frequent in controls and the frequencies of the genotypes of GSTM1 were statistically different between controls and patients (p0.05). CONCLUSION: Our result suggests that the GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphism is not associated with the susceptibility to allergic rhinitis in Koreans.