[Progressive aspects of diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy]

The course of diabetic retinopathy [DR] was studied in 93 pregnant patients. Results were compared with data from 98 diabetic non pregnant women. Worsening of initial retinal lesions was observed in 16%of the pregnant group whereas only 6%of the control group showed a similar aggravation. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant [p<0, 05]. Argon laser panretinal photocoagulation of preproliferative and proliferative DR resulted in subsequent DR induced complications. On the other hand, the risk of appearance of DR and/or its worsening during pregnancy depends on initial network but mostly on the duration of diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, regular ophthalmologic examination of diabetic patients especially during pregnancy seems crucial for the early screening of any worsening. Furthermore, the importance of pregnancy planning is emphasized

[Demodex blepharitis about two cases]

Demodex is a mite commonly found in eyelash hair follicles and sebaceous glands of healthy people. This mite has been reported in many chronic cases of blepharitis. Two cases of very long term observation and clinical findings of chronic blepharitis caused by demodex folliculorum are presented. A 60 year old woman suffered from recurrent blepharoconjunctivitis during ten years treated locally with antibiotics and steroids. We carried out microbiological test results from the epilated eyelashes. The second case was a 25 year old man who was treated for over five years for blepharitis and repetitive chalazions treated by topically steroids and antibiotics. A significant thickening of the blood vessels in the eyelid and numerous cylindrical cuffs of dry discharge around the base of the eyelashes persuaded us to carry out microbiological tests result from the epilated eyelashes. Demodex folliculorum considered as saprophytic mite may play a pathogenic role in ocular diseases

[Ocular manifestation in psoriasis about 3 cases]

Our purpose was to describe palpebral manifestations in patients with psoriasis and to discuss their treatment. We examinated three patients with psoriasis vulgaris. A 54 years old man, who had presented bilateral eyelid psoriasis. Treatment of eyelashes and eyelid by corticoids ointment raised intra ocular pressure and provoqued glaucoma. Two girls, 14 and 5 years old who had lid edema, conjunctivitis and superficial punctuate keratitis. Rarefy eyelashes complicated the pathologic eye in one patient. We discuss treatment of eyelid in psoriasis like corticoids and their complications

[Trabeculectomy in the management of primary chronic open angle glaucoma]

To elucidate long term outcome of trabeculectomy in primary open angle glaucoma [POAG]. 48 eyes of 40 patients with primary open angle glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy were retrospectively studied. Complete ophthalmological examination and automatic visual field were performed in all cases. The mean follow up period was 32, 3 +/- 3, 4 months. A statistical analysis was done to compare our results. The mean age was 54, 2 +/- 13, 1 years. The mean preoperative lOP was 25, 7+1-62 mmHg under 2, 1 medications. Postoperative IOP was 17, 4 +/- 3, 12. IOP reduction was 32, 3%. Complete and qualified success was achieved in 66, 6%of the operated eyes. Stabilisation of visual acuity arid visual field was observed respectively in 77%and 73%. Trabeculectomy in POAG is effective over a long time. It provides good tonometric and perimetric results with a lower rate of complications

[Central serous chorioretinopathy: clinical, fluorescrin angiography and optical coherence tomography findings]

To investigate different forms of central serous chorioretinopathy [CSC] with angiography and Optical Coherence Tomography [OCT]. In a retrospective study, 8 eyes of 8 patients [7 men, and I women; mean age: 37 years] with central serous chorioretinopathy were examined with angiography and Optical coherence tomography. Mean follow-up was 36 months. Clinically all patients demonstrated unilateral typical CSC syndrome. In the acute phase; fluorescein angiography shows vigorous leakage throughout the base of retinal detachement. Different angiography sights were noted. Area of retinal posterior epithelium damage were noted in 4 cases. OCT showed an increased thickness within the area of CSC in all cases. Although CSC resolves spontaneously. In almost all cases, some factors are associated with reduced visual acuity

Bilateral optic disc swelling and mycoplasma pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an atypical bacterium that can cause a great variety of respiratory infections. Ocular involvement other than conjunctivitis are uncommon, and papillitis have infrequently been reported. We report an additional case of bilateral optic disc swelling following mycoplasma pneumoniae and review the litterature on the ocular manifestations associated with this pathogen

[Cone-rod dystrophy: a case report]

Cone-rod dystrophy [CRD] is an inherited retinal dystrophy with initial loss of cone mediated functions followed by rod dystrophy. We report the case a young male affected by CRD. Case report: The case of a 27-year-old male patient is presented. He was hospitalized for decreased vision of both eyes and hemeralopia. The eye fundus examination showed bilateral lesions of retinitis pigmentosa in the supero temporal sector and macular cystoid oedema. Both photopic and scotopic full field ERG amplitudes were reduced, showing involvement of both photoreceptor systems. However, cone response was reduced more than that of rod response suggesting CRD diagnosis. His mother was diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration and his brother with CRD. The patient refused genetic analysis. Based on family history and clinical diagnosis, the disease was classified as cone-rod dystrophy. Discussion and Cone-rod dystrophy [CRD] is a particular form of retinitis pigmentosa [RP] which characteristically lead to early impairment of vision, usually from the first or second decade of life. CRD patients suffer from hemeralopia, loss of visual acuity and peripheral visual fields and show reduced ERG responses. In later life, vision may be reduced to a bare perception of light. Ophthalmoscopic abnormalities in CRD patients ranged from minor granular pigmentary changes in the posterior pole to widespread atrophy. Genetic analysis revealed various mutations in many genes may lead to CRD. There's no treatment available for this condition. Genetic advice is the most effective mean for preventing this inherited disease