Relationship between the Glutathione-S-Transferase P1, M1, and T1 Genotypes and Prostate Cancer Risk in Korean Subjects

PURPOSE: The glutathione-S-transferase (GST)P1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genotypes have been associated with an increased risk of prostate, bladder, and lung cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genotypes and the risk of prostate cancer in Korean men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 166 patients with histologically confirmed prostate cancer. The control group consisted of 327 healthy, cancer-free individuals. The diagnosis of prostate cancer was made by transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy. Patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma were divided into organ-confined ( or =pT3) subgroups. The histological grades were subdivided according to the Gleason score. The GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genotypes were determined by using polymerase chain reaction-based methods. The relationship among GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms and prostate cancer in a case-control study was investigated. RESULTS: The frequency of the GSTM1 null genotype in the prostate cancer group (54.2%) was higher than in the control group (odds ratio=1.53, 95% confidence interval=1.20-1.96). The comparison of the GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genotypes and cancer prognostic factors, such as staging and grading, showed no statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: An increased risk for prostate cancer may be associated with the GSTM1 null genotype in Korean men, but no association was found with the GSTT1 or GSTP1 genotypes.

Altered Expression of Sodium Transporters and Water Channels in the Submandibular Gland of Rats Treated with Nitric Oxide Synthesis Inhibitors

A role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of sodium transporters and water channels in the salivary gland was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L- NAME, 100 mg/L drinking water) for 1 week. The control group was supplied with normal tap water. The expression of Na+,K+-ATPase, type 2 Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC2), type 1 Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE1), alpha-subunit of epithelial sodium transporter (ENaC), and aquaporin-5 (AQP5) and aquaporin-1 (AQP1) proteins were determined in the submandibular gland by Western blot analysis. Following the treatment with L-NAME, the expression of Na+,K+-ATPase alpha1-subunit, NKCC2, NHE1, and ENaC alpha- subunit increased significantly. On the contrary, the expression of AQP5 was significantly decreased, while that of AQP1 was not significantly altered. These findings indicate that the sodium transporters and water channels may be under a tonic regulatory influence of NO in the salivary gland.

A Case of the Pedunculated Angiomyolipoma Attached to Renal Cortex / 대한신장학회지

A renal angiomyolipoma is uncommon congenital mixed tumor like formations consisting of blood vessel, smooth muscle cells and adipose tissue. We report a case of retroperitoneal hemorrhage from spontaneous rupture of renal angiomyolipoma in a 37 year-old woman that appeared unilateral and pedunculated attached to renal cortex. The patient presented with a clinical feature of flank pain and shock because of massive hemorrhage. Because the patient suffered from flank pain regardless of selective renal embolization, laparoscopic surgery was necessary to remove angiomyolipoma from renal cortex.

Clinical study of ameloblastoma on the jaw

Ameloblastoma, a benign tumor of odontogenic type, represents 10% of all tumors of the jaw. It is localized in the mandible (80%) and in the maxilla(20%). In every case, the selection of the surgical treatment must consider some fundamental elements, including the age and general state of health the clinicopathological variant, and the localization and extent of the tumor. This study was invested the clinicopathological findings of 23 patients with ameloblastoma which had been diagnosed by biopsy during the period of 1987 to 2005 at Chonnam National University Hospital. And it contained the statistical analysis according to the treatment methods and the clinicopathological findings such as sex, age, location, chief complaints, duration, radiographic findings, histologic findings, treatment methods. The results obtained are were follows. The age of patient ranged from 10 to 91 years(means, 35.9 years) at biopsy. Thirteen(57%) of the 23 subjects were males, and 10(43%) were females. Twenty(87%) of the 23 ameloblastomas were located in the mandible. Swelling was the most common symptom and was experienced by 20(87%) patients. Radiographically, 11(48%) of the 23 tumors were unilocular with a well-demarcated border and 12(52%) were multilocular. The most common histologic pattern was plexiform and acanthomatous rather then follicular. Conservative treatment was performed 7 cases(30%), radical treatment 11 cases(48%), and combined treatment 5 cases(22%). Follow-up period ranged from 2.1 years to 22 years(mean 5.1 years). Based on the above results, surgical excision after marsupialization was found to be useful as a preliminary treatment of the large cystic ameloblastoma in children and adolescents. On the contrary, the lesion with a soap bubble appearance, the one with ineffective marsupialization was subjected to extensive excision of the tumor with a wide margin of normal bone.

Surgical correction of a cupid's bow using a double Z-plasty: Report of a case

Surgical treatment of airway obstruction in infants with Pierre Robin sequence

The deformities of micrognathia and glossoptosis in the newborn are frequently associated with a cleft palate, which is known as Pierre Robin sequence. Upper airway obstruction is the most serious problem in these patients. Treatment of Pierre Robin sequence includes either positional or surgical intervention. Mild cases are often managed in the prone position. However, when the patient fails to thrive due to chronic upper airway obstruction, or severe respiratory distress ensures despite positional treatment, surgical intervention is mandatory to relieve the obstruction. We experienced three infants with Pierre Robin sequence who showed a symptom triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate. Intermittent cyanosis, depression of the chest, respiratory difficulty and feeding problems were also observed. To relieve severe upper airway obstruction caused by micrognathia and glossoptosis, we simultaneously performed modified tongue lip adhesion (TLA) and a subperiosteal release of the floor of the mouth (SRFM). Respiratory and feeding difficulties were relieved, the tongue positioned anteriorly, body weight increased, and mandibular growth improved. Simultaneous TLA and SRFM may constitute a simple and reliable method for surgical treatment of airway obstruction in patients with Pierre Robin sequence.

Cephalic tetanus: A case report

Cephalic tetanus is a rare subtype of tetanus in which trismus is a charateristic symptom. The paralysis of one or more cranial nerves can occur. The 7th cranial nerve is most frequently involved. It account for 1 to 3% of the tetanus and has a mortality of 15 to 30%. The incubation period is 1 to 14 days, and approximately two thirds of tetanus cases progress to generalized tetanus. Generally, the symptoms of cephalic tetanus can include : facial pain, trismus, dysphagia, muscle twitching spasms of the face and jaw (risus sardonicus), neck stiffness and malaise. We present a case of cephalic tetanus who 54-year male patient had trismus and dysphagia. There was no history of trauma. As there was a delay in diagnosis of cephalic tetanus, respiratory disorder and intermittent general spasm occurred. The patient was treated by injection of antibiotics, muscle relaxant, and human anti-tetanus immunoglobulin. His symptoms were disappeared, and he was discharged ambulatory.

A CLINICOBACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY ON WOUND INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA

Ultrastructural study of the levator veli palatint muscle in cleft palate patients

Acute airway obstruction in an infant with treacher collins syndrome: Report of a case

Treacher Collins syndrome is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with variable penetrance. It shows a marked variability even in the same family. This syndrome is developmental defect affecting the branchial arches. It is not usually associated with acute respiratory distress, but has symptoms of microtia, hypoplastic zygomatic bones, hypoplastic mandibular rami, and bilateral coloboma. It usually requires an emergency operation immediately after the birth. We experienced an infant with Treacher Collins syndrome who showed retrognathia, glossoptosis, microtia, and cleft palate. Intermittent cyanosis, depression of the chest, respiratory difficulty associated with airway obstruction, and swallowing difficulty were also observed. To relieve severe upper airway obstruction caused by retrognathia and glossoptosis, we simultaneously performed tongue-lip adhesion and subperiosteal release of the floor of the mouth. The respiratory and swallowing difficulties were relieved and the tongue repositioned anteriorly. We report the present case with a review of the literature.

Chronic Post-thrombotic Obstruction of the Inferior Vena Cava: Both Renal Veins being the Cause of Painless Gross Hematuria from Pelviureteral Mucosal Varices in Normal Functioning Kidney

A 31-year-old man presented with painless gross hematuria. His serum-creatinine level was within the normal range. Abdominopelvic CT showed an infrahepatic calcified fibrous cord, which was suggestive of inferior vena cava (IVC) remnant. Extensive venous collateralization around both kidneys and venous drainage of the extremities via the inferior epigastric and internal thoracic veins were shown. We report a case of chronic post-thrombotic obstruction of the IVC, involving both renal veins, which was believed to be the cause of painless gross hematuria from mucosal varices of the pelviureteral system in normal functioning kidney.

Chronic Post-thrombotic Obstruction of the Inferior Vena Cava: Both Renal Veins being the Cause of Painless Gross Hematuria from Pelviureteral Mucosal Varices in Normal Functioning Kidney

A 31-year-old man presented with painless gross hematuria. His serum-creatinine level was within the normal range. Abdominopelvic CT showed an infrahepatic calcified fibrous cord, which was suggestive of inferior vena cava (IVC) remnant. Extensive venous collateralization around both kidneys and venous drainage of the extremities via the inferior epigastric and internal thoracic veins were shown. We report a case of chronic post-thrombotic obstruction of the IVC, involving both renal veins, which was believed to be the cause of painless gross hematuria from mucosal varices of the pelviureteral system in normal functioning kidney.

A clinicobacteriological study on wound infection in patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma

Effect of arterial adventitial stripping methods on patency and thrombus formation at microvascular anastomoses

Effects of local irrigation and intravenous administration of human tissue-type plasminogen activator on microvascular thrombosis

The effect of lip adhesion on rotation-advancement repair in unilateral complete cleft lip

The present study was carried out to evaluate the postoperative results of Millard rotation-advancement repair (MR) and lip adhesion followed by Millard rotation-advancement repair (LAMR) in unilateral complete cleft lip. Twenty patients with unilateral complete cleft lip underwent MR or LAMR at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Chonnam University Hospital over a period of 6 years (January 1994 to December 1999) were analyzed. The surgical results following the operation were assessed on the basis of scoring, vertical lip length, and scar hypertrophy. The mean score was better in LAMR group (74.74+/-1.09, n=13) than in MR group (66.50+/-1.14, n=7) for both lip and nose segments. Scar hypertrophy developed in MR group with 28.6% and in LAMR group with 23.1%. No significant difference was noted in the ratio of lip length between LAMR and MR groups (0.84+/-0.08 and 0.73+/-0.10). These results suggest that LAMR is better than MR in repairing the unilateral complete cleft lip.

iNOS Expressions in Torsed and Contralateral Testes in the Rats / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: Some authors noted unilateral testicular torsion often leading to a damage in the contralateral testis. But it is not known whether this is the result of an intrinsic abnormality in the remaining testis or testicular injury associated with the ischemic event. Recently some authors noted an increase in germ cell apoptosis in the contralateral testis and suggested the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the apoptosis of germ cells. We aimed at the NO involvement in testicular torsion in this study, in which we measured inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions and found pathological changes in the torsed and detorsed testes of the rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult, male, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: I) unilateral left testicular torsion persisting for 1, 4, 8 hours. II) torsion for 4 or 8 hours followed by detorsion. Testes were fixed in scrotal wall with a suture. Testes were fixed in formalin solution and prepared in paraffin blocks and slide mounted. All histologic examinations were done by a single observer. The expression of iNOS gene in the testis was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and relative iNOS mRNA levels were assessed with normalization to beta-actin mRNA levels. RESULTS: Histologically, the degeneration and inflammation were found in 4 hours after torsion and the necrosis was found in 8 hours after torsion. In contralateral testis, normal findings were noted in 4 hours and 8 hours after torsion. iNOS gene expression was found in the normal control testis. In the torsed testis, iNOS gene expression significantly increased in 1 hour after torsion, then decreased to the control level. In contralateral testis, iNOS gene expression was also increased in 1 hour to 8 hours after torsion. After detorsion, iNOS gene expression significantly decreased in detorsed testis, but constantly increased in contralateral testis. CONCLUSIONS: In rats, iNOS gene expression and histological changes were observed in torsed and detorsed testes. These results support the hypothesis that NO by iNOS protein may play a role in contralateral testicular damage, such as ischemic-reperfusion injury.

The Effects of Diuretic Administration on the Uroflowmetric Parameters and its Clinical Usefulness / 대한비뇨기과학회지

No abstract available.

The Effects of Diuretic Administration on the Uroflowmetric Parameters and its Clinical Usefulness / 대한비뇨기과학회지

No abstract available.

Surgical Correction of Concealed Penis by Suprapublic Lipectomy and a Modification of Johnston's Principle Under Local Anesthesia / 대한비뇨기과학회지

No abstract available.