RESUMO
@#Background: Rejuvenation of the skin with hyaluronic acid (HA) filler is considered to be one of the most favourable procedures in the field of aesthetics. Nevertheless, some adverse effects still occur though infrequently, and are associated with its use. Previous research has suggested that HA filler may stimulate antibodies. Consequently, an investigation of the immune interactions associated with use of HA filler is an important area for investigation. Objectives: The aim of this research is to investigate whether HA filler influences the initiation of an autoimmune reaction in healthy women who had received HA filler by screening for autoantibodies in the blood. Results will be compared with agematched apparently healthy control women who did not receive the filler. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 44 females who had received HA filler and 44 females who had not as a control group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was utilised to measure serum concentrations of antiThyroglobulin (Tg), anti -thyroid peroxidase (TPO), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and anticentromeres. Results: The number of women who tested positive for the measured autoantibodies was not statistically significant (p=0.803) between those who had received HA filler (n=10/44, 25%) and the control group (n=11/44, 22.7%). Conclusion: Based on our result HA filler procedures do not induce an autoimmune reaction in women who received HA filler compared to controls. And consequently, HA filler procedures are relatively safe, and these results contradict the findings of other non-controlled works.
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological aspects of onycholysis in Iraqi housewives. One hundred housewives with onycholysis of the finger nails were evaluated clinically in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq between October 2002 to March 2003. Swabs were taken from those patients for microbiological evaluation in the Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. All cases with skin disorder related systemic diseases like anemia, hypothyroidism and drug intake like minocycline, oral contraceptives were excluded from the study. One hundred housewives with onycholysis were enrolled in the study. Their ages ranged between 17-70 years with a mean of 41.96 +/- 12.57 years. Married females were 89 [89%], while unmarried females were 11 [11%]. The site of involvement was mainly the thumb [76%] followed by the ring finger [12%], the index [7%], little [6%] and middle [5%] fingers. The pattern of onycholysis was distal in 47 [47%], lateral in 30 [30%] and both distal and lateral in 23 [23%] of the patients. Onycholysis is a major problem among Iraqi housewives, most probably caused by repetitive mechanical, chemical and physical trauma; therefore, special preventive measures should be undertaken to minimize the incidence of the disease. Housewives should be encouraged to use preventive measures like using gloves and washing machines