Breast cancer: clinical and histopathological features at combined military hospital Rawalpindi

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the various clinical and histopathological features of carcinoma of breast in the surgical unit of Combined Military Hospital [CMH] Rawalpindi in an attempt to appraise about the pattern of disease in this setting

Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted from September 2013 to August 2015 in surgical unit of CMH, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Material and Methods: A total of 446 female patients diagnosed with carcinoma breast in surgical unit CMH during 2 years were included in this study. Patient's age, clinical examination and histopathological findings were recorded

Results: Among the 446 female patients, 269 patients [60.3%] presented in an age group between 40-49 years making it the most common age group. About 393 patients [88.1%] had the tumor size more than 2 cm. The commonest quadrant involved was upper outer quadrant [n=236; 52.9%]. Axillary lymph nodes were positive in 76.0% [n=339] of patients. Most common type of carcinoma was invasive ductal carcinoma in 336 patients [75.3%]. The disease was left sided in 249 cases. The most common was stage III [n=200] and grade II [n=289] carcinoma

Conclusion: In our settings the breast cancer is affecting the middle age group more commonly with upper outer quadrant being the commonest site and invasive ductal carcinoma being the commonest variant. The majority of patients presented in the later stages of disease with a moderate grade, more common lymph node metastasis and a size larger than 2 cm

Comparison of risk factors and survival of Type-1 and Type-11 Endometrial Cancers

Objective: To compare risk factors and progression free survival of Type-1 and II endometrial cancers

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 149 patients with early stage endometrial carcinoma treated between 1997 and 2012 in Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi was performed

Results: A total of 149 patients were analyzed. Type-l tumors accounted for 92% of cases in the study while 8% wereType-ll tumors. The mean age, BMI, parity, co-morbidities [hypertension and Diabetes], family history and history of polycystic disease were comparable in both groups. Overall better survival [113 Vs 24 months] was observed for Type-l endometrial cancer

Conclusion: Both types of endometrial cancer may share common etiologic factors. Despite the limitation of small numbers in one group this study confirms better survival in Type-l endometrial cancer