Albendazole in the treatment of hymenolepiasis in school children

Hymenolepiasis is a helminthic and occasionally fatal disease of human imposing heavy economic losses to human society. Present study was aimed to diagnose the school children for the prevalence and control of Hymenolepiasis. A school based cross-sectional analysis of stool samples collected from 188 children aged 06-15 years was carried out [February to June 2016]. Two stool samples were collected from each student before diagnosing and after treatment. The samples were fixed in 10% formalin and observed under the light microscope using the methods of direct smear in Lugol's solution, normal saline and flotation techniques. On the basis of drugs accessibility all the H. nana infected children were divided in to 2- groups. Children in group A were treated with albendazole [bendazol] 400mg once orally, group B was treated with albendazole [zentel] 200mg orally. Eggs per gram of faeces were counted in each group before and after treatment. Of the 188 children, current study reveals only 6.08% [n=18/296] infection with H.nana and 10.5% [n=16/151] were diagnosed with co infections. The % efficacy of albendazole [Zentel] and albendazole [bendazol] against Hymenolepis nana infection was reported as 83% and 75% respectively. Present study was concluded that albendazole [zentel] is the drug of choice for the treatment of hymenolepiasis in children

Trends in ultrasound examination in family practice

Ultrasound examination is very frequently used for the evaluation of abnormalities in various organs of the body. Our aim was to determine whether the requests by family physicians [FPs] for ultrasound examinations were appropriate. Our secondary objective was to enumerate positive and negative ultrasound reports for various diagnostic indications. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of month between June and August 2010, at the Family Medicine Department of North West Armed Forces Prince Salman Hospital, Tabuk. We reviewed the ultrasound requests of all patients included in this study and the findings of the procedure. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences [SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL], version 16.0. The requests and reports of 815 patients for ultrasound were reviewed. Females comprised 58.7% of the referred cases. The mean age of the sample at referral was 30 +/- 18.5 for females and 34 +/- 20.7 for males. Only 46% of the request forms contained conclusive information and instructions. Abdominal/pelvic ultrasounds were the most frequently requested; Nearly 71.2% of the ultrasound scans were normal. Abdominal/pelvis ultrasound was more likely to be reported as normal than ultrasound scans of other regions [P = 0.007]. Patients aged 41-60 years were more likely to have an abnormal ultrasound [P = 0.02]. Our findings suggest that FPs have to be educated about imaging referral protocols in order to achieve better outcomes

Soft tissue facial profile analysis in patients with class I and class II skeletal pattern visiting children's hospital, Lahore

The soft tissues covering the face play an important role in facial aesthetics, speech and function. Detailed soft tissue analysis is an important component of comprehensive diagnosis and treatment planning. A balance between the dental and the perioral muscles must be achieved to attain stability of the treatment outcome. The aim of the study was to compare soft tissue facial profile between skeletal class I and class II subjects and to find out difference in soft tissues adaptation on the basis of gender. Non probability sampling technique was used. Eighty patients were selected with age ranging 14 to 18 years. For each patient a lateral cephalogram was taken and cephalometric analysis was performed. The study showed that patients with class II skeletal pattern have more convex profile. Both upper and lower lips are more protrusive than the normal and lower lip length in males is slightly greater than the normal