Endometrial stromal tumor in a young woman – A rare presentation.

Endometrial stromal tumors (EST) arise from stromal component of endometrium and are rare and common in peri or postmenopausal age group. EST are partially estrogen dependent tumors and their histopathology resemble the stromal cells of normal proliferative endometrium. They present in varied forms pathologically ranging from most begin to most mligrant variants. Diagnosis essentially is by histopathology and prognosis is based on the mitotic activity of the tumor. We have presented here a case of EST presenting in a young nulliparous woman.

Scar endometriosis – A clinical rarity.

Scar endometriosis is a rare occurrence. Endometriosis is presence of endometrium at ectopic sites, other than the uterine cavity. Though the common sites of endometriosis are pelvic structures, extra pelvic endometriosis is occasionally seen. But presence of endometriosis in previous incision scars is extremely rare. Endometriosis in abdominal incision sites following Cesarean scions, hysterectomy, ovarian endometrioma removal are described. Very few cases of endometriosis at episiotomy site are also described in literature. This case report describes two such cases of scar endometriosis. The first case had scar endometriosis following a laparotomy done for rudimentary horn pregnancy. The second case had endometriosis in the scar of previous laparscopic surgeries, performed for ovarian endometrioma.

Metformin as a safe and cost effective alternative to insulin in women with Diabetes in pregnancy.

There is a substantial rise in diabetes complicating pregnancies in south Asian countries especialy India. Until many decades, insulin eras thought to be the only management option to maintain euglycemia in these cases. But metformin can be a safe and convenient alternative in such cases. In this background we have conducted a study I 40 women with diabetes complicating pregnancies and studied the outcome of the mother and neonate in important parameters. Metformin was found to be a safe, effective and cheap alternative to insulin therapy in pregnant diabetic women.