A Typical Case of L-Transposition of the Great Arteries Initially Presented as Complete Atrioventricular Block in Middle-Aged Man

L-transposition of the great arteries (L-TGA) is a rare congenital anomaly and could cause complete atrioventricular (AV) block at relatively younger age. We present a case of 43-year-old male who complained of dizziness due to complete AV block. We confirmed L-TGA using transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography. Permanent pacemaker was inserted without complications. No invasive treatment including corrective surgery was performed because patient's cardiac function was almost normal and the symptom was completely resolved after pacemaker insertion.

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Treatment Status in Noncardiac Chest Pain Patients

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux diseases (GERD) in noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) patients, risk factors for GERD, and status of prescriptions for GERD in Korean population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective non-interventional observational nation-wide 45-center study. Patients with a normal coronary angiogram (CAG) and upper gastroendoscopy within 2 years after CAG were enrolled. The prevalence of GERD was examined. Other gastrointestinal diseases including peptic ulcer diseases or gastritis were also examined. Risk factors for GERD were compared between the GERD group and non-GERD group. The ratio of patients medicated for gastrointestinal diseases (antacids or proton-pump inhibitor) was also examined. RESULTS: Nine hundred four patients were enrolled. Among the NCCP patients, GERD was present in 436 (48.2%), peptic ulcer disease in 154 patients (17.0%), and gastritis in 659 (72.9%). There was no difference in risk factors for GERD between the GERD and non-GERD patients. Medications for GERD and other gastrointestinal diseases were prescribed in 742 (82.1%) patients. CONCLUSION: GERD was common (42.8%) in Korean NCCP patients and most (82.1%) received the prescription of gastrointestinal medications. No differences were evident in risk factors between GERD and non-GERD patients.