Effect of D-glucose feeding on mortality induced by sepsis

Sepsis is the life-threatening response to infection which can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death. In the current study, the effect of orally administered D-glucose on the mortality and the blood glucose level induced by D-Galactosamine (GaLN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis was examined in ICR mice. After various amounts of D-glucose (from 1 to 8 g/kg) were orally fed, sepsis was induced by injecting intraperitoneally (i.p.) the mixture of GaLN /LPS. Oral pre-treatment with D-glucose dose-dependently increased the blood glucose level and caused a reduction of sepsis-induced mortality. The oral post-treatment with D-glucose (8 g/kg) up to 3 h caused an elevation of the blood glucose level and protected the mortality observed in sepsis model. However, D-glucose post-treated at 6, 9, or 12 h after sepsis induction did not affect the mortality and the blood glucose level induced by sepsis. Furthermore, the intrathecal (i.t.) pretreatment once with pertussis toxin (PTX; 0.1 microg/5 ml) for 6 days caused a reduction of D-glucose-induced protection of mortality and hyperglycemia. Furthermore, once the hypoglycemic state is continued up to 6 h after sepsis initiated, sepsis-induced mortality could not be reversed by D-glucose fed orally. Based on these findings, it is assumed that the hypoglycemic duration between 3 and 6 h after the sepsis induction may be a critical time of period for the survival. D-glucose-induced protective effect against sepsis-induced mortality appears to be mediated via activating PTX-sensitive G-proteins in the spinal cord. Finally, the production of hyperglycemic state may be critical for the survival against the sepsis-induced mortality.

A Case of Sequential Lymphoma in an Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patient / 대한내과학회지

Rarely, two different histological types of lymphoma develop in the same person. Sequential lymphoma is defined as two different types of lymphoma occurring in the same person sequentially. A 47-year-old patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who had been diagnosed with mixed cellularity Hodgkin's lymphoma was treated with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine combination chemotherapy. After six cycles of chemotherapy, abdominal computed tomography showed multiple liver masses. A percutaneous needle biopsy of the liver and polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism revealed hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma. The patient died 3 months after the diagnosis of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of the sequential development of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma after Hodgkin's lymphoma in a Korean HIV-infected patient.