[ relationship between emotional expression styles and type D personality]

In the recent years, researches have been indicated that type D personality is a risk factor for psychopathology and somatic diseases. The purpose of current study was to assess relationship of emotional expression styles with Type D personality. Using available sampling method, 306 students [126 male and 180 female] from Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran were selected voluntary and assessed by Emotional expression, Emotional control, Ambivalence over the Expression of Emotion and Type D personality questionnaires. Results showed that among ambivalence over the expression of emotion factors, ambivalence over positive emotional expression and among emotional expression factors, intimacy expression and negative emotional expression predicted negative affect and social inhibition. Also, among emotional control factors, benign control, rumination and emotional inhibition predicted negative affect and emotional inhibition and rumination predicted social Inhibition. According to our findings, it could be claimed that emotional expression styles are behavioral correlates of type D Personality. These results have application in psychological and physical health risk factors, especially cardiovascular diseases

[Factor structure, reliability and validity of Persian version of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-children form [CERQ-K-P]]

Cognitive emotion regulation strategies play important role in explaining mental health and psychological problems in children. The aim of this research is providing Persian version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire- children form [CERQ-K-P] and it was investigate the factor structure, reliability and validity in Iranian children. The English version of the CERQ-K was translated and back-translated prior to its administration to 531[258 boys and 273 girls] students from third, fourth and fifth grades of primary school at 2010-2011 in Mashhad. The reliability of Persian version of the CERQ-K-P was assessed via internal consistency, item-rest correlations. Factor structure scale with both methods confirmatory factor analysis and principal component analysis using varimax rotation was assessed. The validity of questionnaire was examined from correlation between the subscales and criterion validity. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for all subscales and total scale in participants of both genders were good in psychometric properties and most of the correlations range more than 0.4. The factor structure of CERQ-K-P using the exploratory factor analysis supported of model of 9 main factors and it was explained 68 percent of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis results also indicate that items are good fit. Moreover, the model of correlation coefficients indicating good validity of the scale between subscales and criterion validity of the questionnaire, the multidimensional anxiety scale for children and children's depression scale. According to the results of the study, CERQ-K-P has good reliability and validity in Iranian population and is an appropriate tool for screening, diagnosis and treatment of various emotional problems for clinical and research opportunities in different fields of psychology, psychiatry, psychiatric nursing and Pediatric psychology

[ relationship between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia with the maintenance of attention]

Objective: To assess the relation between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia with maintenance of attention in these patients

Method: Thirty-two patients with schizophrenia [15 acute and 17 chronic patients] and 32 normal individuals aged 19-51 years were selected. The two groups were matched on the basis of age, gender and education, and were assessed by the Continuous Performance Test [CPT]. In order to study the multivariate correlation between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and CPT variables, the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms [SANS] and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms [SAPS] were administered

Results: The results indicated that patients with schizophrenia had significantly poorer performance in comparison to normal individuals in all CPT variables [correct response, omission and commission]. Regression analysis showed that the delusion component of positive symptoms, positively predicted correct response variable and negatively predicted the omission and commission variables. The affective flattening component of negative symptoms predicted correct response variable of CPT negatively and the omission and commission variables positively

Conclusion: These results show the deficit of maintenance of attention in patients with schizophrenia and support the validity of negative-positive syndrome discrimination in these patients