RESUMO
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder as the most prevalent sexual dysfunction has a major role in marital relationships. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cognitive-behavioral teaching on improvement of women sexual function. In this semi experimental study, the sample size were 30 women that 15 were randomly selected for each experimental and control group of women with hypoactive sexual desire. At first the pretest was carried out in both groups and then the experimental group was thought for 10 sessions. At the end the posttest was carried out in the groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS-15 software and differential independent t test. There was a significant difference between mean of differential scores of both groups sexual function that suggests a significant impact of the educational program on improvement of sexual function in women with hypoactive sexual desire [p=0.01]. It is recommended to use these teachings by specialist into therapeutic program of women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder.
RESUMO
The survey of smoking as the most toxic, common and cheapest addiction, and its psychological and demographic variables among specially the youth who are efficient and constructive persons of the society is of high importance. For this reason, this study has been done to determine the prevalence of smoking and to compare self-esteem on smoking and nonsmoking students of Azad University of Gonabad. At this descriptive-analytic study, 279 students from Azad university of Gonabad were selected through stratified random sampling. They completed demographic questionnaire and Coopersmith self-esteem inventory. The data were analyzed using SPSS-11. The result showed that 9.8 percent of the students were smokers [14.4% males and 4.1% females], smoker students' parents [33.3% vs. 12.7%] and brother and sisters [14.8% vs. 4%] smoked more cigarettes than nonsmoker students' parents and brothers and sisters. greatest rate of daily smoking has been 1-5 cigarette in the entire sample and on male and female groups. Also, the findings showed that there were not any significant relationship between the mean of smoker and nonsmoker students' self-esteem [P=0.87].In accordance with the lack of relationship between smoking and self- esteem as a basic component in mental health, it seems that students' smoking is related to other factors such as modeling with their parents, brothers and sisters.
RESUMO
No investigations have been performed about rational-emotional training especially for the gifted students on the prominent cognitive characteristics so far. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of rational- emotional group training on self- esteem and anxiety of gifted male students of Gonabad high schools. The research method is an experimental one accompanied by post-test and pre-test phases with control group. The sample includes 40 students in two groups [experimental and control]. They were chosen and sampled by using simple random sampling method from the center for gifted students. Primarily, pre-test was performed for both groups by Coopersmith self-esteem and Spielberger test anxiety inventories. Next, the experimental group underwent rational and emotional training for 12 sessions. At the end of the training, post-test was performed for both groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS-11.5 and the independent T test was performed. The results showed that the differences between the mean scores of self- esteem in proportion to the control group significantly increased [P=0.01]. Furthermore, the difference between the mean scores of anxiety in the experimental group in comparison with that of the control group decreased significantly [P=0.04]. Given the abovementioned results, group rational and emotional trainings are recommended for the gifted students especially those who have experienced more anxiety or those having low self-esteem.