RESUMO
Background: Rotavirus infection causes a significant burden of diarrheal diseases in infants and young children leading to hospitalization and death. Rotavirus was a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis hospitalization among children less than the age of 5 years in Bahrain before rotavirus vaccine introduction in 2008
Objective: To evaluate the impact of rotavirus vaccination program in the viral gastroenteritis admission among patients less than 5 years of age and to evaluate the incidence of intussusception
Design: A Retrospective Data Analysis
Setting: Salmanyia Medical Complex, Bahrain
Method: Children aged less than five years hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis and intussusception based on international classification of diseases, tenth revision code, were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: viral gastroenteritis and intussusception; both groups were admitted to pediatric wards and reviewed from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2012. The characteristics of patients with intussusception only were reviewed and analyzed according to age, sex, nationality and vaccination status. Patients less than five years of age with bacterial gastroenteritis were excluded
Result: One thousand nine hundred fifty-five children under five years of age were hospitalized from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2012. The first group consisted of one thousand nine hundred one patients, admitted with viral gastroenteritis. The second group consisted of fiftyfour patients who were admitted with the diagnosis of intussusception. Thirty-seven [1.9%] were males, forty-three [2.2%] were Bahrainis and 11 [0.6%] were non-Bahrainis. No intussusceptions cases occurred within 31 days of Rotavirus vaccination
Conclusion: The study revealed that children less than 5 years of age who were hospitalized for viral gastroenteritis have declined following Rota virus vaccine introduction and no reported intussusception with 31 days of vaccination
RESUMO
Hepatitis B is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is a well-documented occupational hazard for health care workers. To assess hepatitis B vaccination among physicians, dentists and nurses in Bahrain. Cross-sectional study. Occupational health group and immunization group of the disease control section in the Public Directorate of the Ministry of Health, Bahrain. All physicians, dentists and nurses working in the Ministry of Health, Bahrain recorded in the immunization health care workers software system were included in the study. In 2012, there was a total of 3,051 physicians, dentists and nurses. Data on vaccination against hepatitis B virus were reviewed and analyzed from October to January 2012. Three thousand fifty-one health care workers [HCWs] were enrolled in the study; seven hundred sixteen [23.5%] were physicians, eighty-three [2.7%] dentists and two thousand two hundred fifty-two [73.8%] nurses. Seven hundred sixty-five [25.1%] HCWs had completed the vaccination against hepatitis B, 416 [13.6%] did not complete their vaccination and 1,870 [61.3%] had not received any dose. Nurses had better vaccination completeness. Four hundred forty-eight [19.9%] nurses, one hundred ten [15.4%] physicians and seven [8.4%] dentists had completed their vaccination. The study revealed that hepatitis B vaccination coverage among physicians, dentists and nurses is very low. There is a need to improve the health care workers software system and to implement the ministry of health policies on immunization of healthcare workers.