RESUMO
The present report describes the findings at chest computed tomography angiography of a 28-year-old female patient with heterotaxy syndrome. This syndrome consists of a variety of anomalies of position and morphology of thoracoabdominal organs which do not follow the situs solitus or situs inversus arrangement. Imaging studies play a fundamental role in the individualization of the approach to the patient.
Neste trabalho são apresentados os achados na angiotomografia computadorizada do tórax de uma paciente de 28 anos com síndrome de heterotaxia. Esta consiste em diversas anormalidades de posicionamento e morfologia de órgãos toracoabdominais, que não se enquadram no situs solitus ou situs inversus. Os exames de imagem são fundamentais na individualização da abordagem do paciente.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to see the frequency of anxiety, depression and stress in patients with dyspeptic symptoms referred for endoscopy
DESIGN: Cross sectional study
SETTING: Department of medicine and psychiatry Baqai Medical University, Fatima hospital, Gadap, Karachi
DURATION: The study was conducted from Jan 2011 to Jun 2011
METHOD: Patients referred from department of medicine with symptoms of dyspepsia were assessed at department of psychiatry Baqai University before endoscopy
A total of 40 patients, fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled for the study and their demographic variables were obtained using a Performa specially designed for this purpose. Urdu version of DASS [Depression Anxiety Stress Scale] was administered to the selected sample to establish the presence of three emotional states--anxiety, depression and stress. The DASS is a 42-item self report instrument designed to measure the three inter-related negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and tension/stress. The findings are mentioned in the results
RESULTS: A total of 40 patients comprising 29 females and 11 males ranging between 15-70 years of age with a mean age of 32.8 years completed the study. In the studied sample of 40 patients, 82.5% had anxiety, 60% had depression and 67.5 % had stress. Moreover 80% of sample group were found to have inflammatory changes on endoscopy and in this group anxiety was the most prominent emotional state. In the remaining 20% who had no inflammatory findings on endoscopy, depression, anxiety and stress were equally prevalent
CONCLUSION: Emotional disturbances in the form of anxiety, depression and stress were frequently seen in patients suffering from dyspepsia and anxiety was the most dominant among these three negative emotional states. Evaluation of anxiety in the management of dyspepsia is suggested