Stratospheric ozone in the perspectives of exploratory data analysis for Pakistan atmospheric regions

In order to study physical behavior of Stratospheric ozone in Pakistan's atmospheric regions [PARs], the Exploratory Data Analysis [EDA] is performed. Using this analysis Probabilistic and mean deviation models are developed to study the ozone layer depletion for Pakistan Atmospheric Regions. These models provided a comprehensive description of the underlying process. The information attained from these forecasts by analyzing these models, can be further employed to vary possible parameters and variables in the physical system to achieve an optimal performance. Such an approach is well explained within the likelihood of computational analysis. The models presented in this paper along with their physical interpretations are very useful for public and private sector organizations

Hernioplasty;sublay technique for incisional hernia

Incisional hernia is a common complication of abdominal surgery and an important source of morbidity. It may be repaired using open suture, open mesh or laparoscopic mesh techniques. To examine the results of open mesh repair using "sublay technique" of hernioplasty. Surgical Unit-I, Department of Surgery at Allied Hospital, a tertiary care teaching hospital affiliated with Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad. Sixty patients [male: 16, female: 44] were operated for incisional hernia. Open mesh repair was done. Polyproplene mesh was placed over closed posterior rectus sheath layer and over the rectus abdominis, were available. Anterior rectus sheath was closed in front of the implanted mesh. All the patients received injectable third generation cephalosporin for 48 hrs postoperatively. Postoperative recovery in terms of seroma formation, wound infection, intraabdominal adhesions leading to intestinal obstruction, enterocutaneous fistula formation and recurrence were the main factors noted and analyzed statistically. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 03 days. Only one patient developed wound infection. None of the patients developed seroma formation, intestinal obstruction or enterocutaneous fistula. Maximum follow up till this study is 14 months. No recurrence has been reported so far. Open mesh repair using "sublay technique" does not carry risk of enterocutaneous fistula, carries low risk of seroma formation and wound infection. Proper technique is not associated with recurrence

photo-initiated three step strategy for iridoid monoterpene skeleton

The framework of iridoid monoterpene has been constructed in a photo-initiated three step sequence involving 1,3-cyclo-addition of bromobenzene to vinyl acetate, ring opening of the formed vinylcyclopropyl bromide with Ag[+]/H[2] O[2], and subsequent acid catalysed Hock-cleavage of the generated allylic hydro-peroxide