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1.
Pakistan Journal of Physiology. 2017; 13 (2): 49-51
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-197564

RESUMO

Background: Chronic kidney disease [CKD] has a high mortality rate and is an inevitable consequence of many kidney diseases. This study assessed incidence of hyperparathyroidism in patients with CKD


Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. A total of 300 samples were screened, out of which 165 were selected which included 96 males and 67 females. The blood levels of iPTH, urea, creatinine, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and albumin were analyzed using electrochemiluminescence technology [iECL] on Cobas e411 for iPTH and spectrophotometric technology on Cobas c501 for the rest of the parameters


Results: All the patients had abnormal renal function, out of which 29.7% had normal iPTH levels and 70.3% had elevated iPTH levels. Normal iPTH was seen in 19.4% males and 10.3% females, whereas in the elevated iPTH was seen in 40% males and 30.3% females. The t-test between normal and abnormal iPTH showed a significant correlation [p<0.05] between iPTH, urea, creatinine and albumin levels, whereas no significant correlation was seen with calcium, magnesium and phosphorus levels


Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between iPTH levels and levels of urea, creatinine, and albumin exhibiting increased iPTH levels in CKD patients suggesting underlying secondary hyperparathyroidism

2.
Pakistan Journal of Physiology. 2017; 13 (3): 32-35
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-197577

RESUMO

Objective: Anti-thyroid peroxidase [anti-TPO] and Anti -thyroglobulin antibodies [anti-TG] are members of thyroid auto-antibodies that are considered important markers of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. Our retrospective observational study assesses the frequency distribution of serum levels of Anti thyroid peroxidase [anti-TPO], anti thyroglobulin [anti-Tg], thyroid hormones T3, T4 and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone [TSH]


Methods: Both male [n=60] and female [n=58] individuals were selected and their serum levels of TSH, T4, T3, anti-TG and anti-TPO antibodies were examined using Electrochemiluminescence technology in Cobas e411


Results: Anti-TPO was considerably high in both male and female hypothyroid patients compared to hyperthyroid patients. Sixty-three percent females had elevated anti-TPO levels compared to 42% of male patients. Anti-TG was elevated in 74% of normal female patients as compared to hyper- or hypothyroid patients. In males, 41% of hypothyroid patients showed elevated anti-TG levels compared to hyperthyroid or normal patients


Conclusion: Anti-TPO and anti-TG are proficient markers for assessing the patients with suspicion of autoimmune thyroid disease in addition to its ability to characterize prevalence of both clinical and sub clinical thyroid diseases

3.
Baqai Journal of Health Sciences. 2008; 11 (2): 9-14
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-197806

RESUMO

Background: Hyperlipoproteinaemia is a metabolic abnormal condition and is largely regulated by Apolipoproteins types and subtypes. Moreover, lipoprotein abnormalities contribute significantly to the risk of developing cardio vascular disease and diabetes. Additionally, abnormal glycemic state, lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities have also been shown to contribute in early atherosclerosis


Objectives: Our present study evaluates the status of apolipo-protein A and B in hyperlipidemic patients with both diabetic and non-diabetic conditions


Methods: Study period was May 2006 to Dec 2007. 63 patients of both gender [males = 36, females = 27] sub-grouped as n = 46 non-diabetic hyperlipidemic [NDHL] and n = 17 diabetic hyperlipidemic [DHL] patients were included in the study. All parameters were determined with standard methods on IVD instruments with recommended pathological and normal controls


Results: Total cholesterol and Apo B was noted to be significantly higher in DHL than NDHL patients. Moreover, levels of Apo B was higher than Apo A in both DHL and NDHL groups when compared with Healthy group. Elevated levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol in both DHL and NDHL groups depicts a strong hyperlipidemic state


Conclusion: Conclusion were drawn from present study that diabetes and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors, in addition to the fact that higher levels of Apo B and A and that of higher Apo B than Apo A are indicative of dyslipidemic state and thus significant parameters for assessing the prevailing conditions and extent of risk for developing coronary heart disease [CHD] and atherosclerosis

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