RESUMO
Exposure of the skin to solar UV radiation leads to inflammation, DNA damage, and dysregulation of cellular signaling pathways, which may cause skin cancer. Photochemoprevention with natural products is an effective strategy for the control of cutaneous neoplasia. Polyphenols have been proven to help prevent skin cancer and to inhibit the growth of cancer stem cells (CSCs) through epigenetic mechanisms, including modulation of microRNAs expression. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the effect of polyphenol enriched blueberry preparation (PEBP) or non-fermented blueberry juice (NBJ) on expression of miRNAs and target proteins associated with different clinicopathological characteristics of skin cancer such as stemness, motility, and invasiveness. We observed that PEBP significantly inhibited the proliferation of skin CSCs derived from different melanoma cell lines, HS 294T and B16F10. Moreover, PEBP was able to reduce the formation of melanophores. We also showed that the expression of the CD133+ stem cell marker in B16F10 and HS294T cell lines was significantly decreased after treating the cells with PEBP in comparison to the NBJ and control groups. Importantly, tumor suppressors’ miR-200s, involved in the regulation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, were strikingly upregulated. In addition, we have shown that a protein target of the tumor suppressor miR200b, ZEB1, was also significantly modulated. Thus, the results demonstrates that PEBP possesses potent anticancer and anti-metastatic potentials and may represent a novel chemopreventative agent against skin cancer.
RESUMO
Exposure of the skin to solar UV radiation leads to inflammation, DNA damage, and dysregulation of cellular signaling pathways, which may cause skin cancer. Photochemoprevention with natural products is an effective strategy for the control of cutaneous neoplasia. Polyphenols have been proven to help prevent skin cancer and to inhibit the growth of cancer stem cells (CSCs) through epigenetic mechanisms, including modulation of microRNAs expression. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the effect of polyphenol enriched blueberry preparation (PEBP) or non-fermented blueberry juice (NBJ) on expression of miRNAs and target proteins associated with different clinicopathological characteristics of skin cancer such as stemness, motility, and invasiveness. We observed that PEBP significantly inhibited the proliferation of skin CSCs derived from different melanoma cell lines, HS 294T and B16F10. Moreover, PEBP was able to reduce the formation of melanophores. We also showed that the expression of the CD133+ stem cell marker in B16F10 and HS294T cell lines was significantly decreased after treating the cells with PEBP in comparison to the NBJ and control groups. Importantly, tumor suppressors’ miR-200s, involved in the regulation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, were strikingly upregulated. In addition, we have shown that a protein target of the tumor suppressor miR200b, ZEB1, was also significantly modulated. Thus, the results demonstrates that PEBP possesses potent anticancer and anti-metastatic potentials and may represent a novel chemopreventative agent against skin cancer.
RESUMO
Von-Recklinghausen's disease or neurofibromatosis type 1 [NF1] is a hereditary disorder in which the genetic transmission is autosomic dominant and supported by the chromosome 17. Scoliosis is a classical complication of this disease. Spinal canal ectasis, at the extremities of the arthrodesis, is a rare complication of scoliosis occurring in the context of NF1 and there is no clear treatment described in the literature. We report 3 observations of patients who were admitted for the complex association of NF1 and spinal canal ectasis occurring after the surgical treatment of scoliosis and discuss our concept of treating the spinal ectasis which weakened the fusion of arthrodesis. These 3 cases of NF1 in males whose mean age was 22-years-old [19, 23, 24 years-old] were operated at the age of 8, 9 and 14 years-old respectively for severe thoraco-lumbar scoliosis. At the initial surgical management, the spine canal diameter was within normal range. They underwent a two-stage surgery with anterior and posterior spinal arthrodesis. The abnormal spinal canal dilatation [spinal ectasis] appeared during the follow-up and was revealed by back pain of the lumbar and thoracic spine. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan concluded a posterior body vertebral destruction with clear enlargement of the subdural space, mainly located at the extremity of the arthrodesis, which was directly at risk. It was hypothesized an abnormal hyperpression of the cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]. Magnetic resonance imaging of the whole spine and the brain did not show any spinal cord anomaly, Chiari's malformation or hydrocephalus. We decided to mearure the CSF pressure via lumbar puncture. It was abnormal in all 3 cases [18 - 21 mm Hg], as was the biochemical analysis of the CSF. All 3 patients underwent surgery with a lumbo-peritoneal programmeable shunt [Sophysa shunt]. The prostoperative follow-up [9months to 3 years] was good without recurrence of pain and no cerebral hypotension symptoms. Vertebral bone destruction was seen to be halted on control MRI or CT scan. The CFS hyperpression theory must be studied more carefully so as to understand the intrinsic mechanisms in this particular clinical context by a prospective larger series with monitoring of the CSF pressure before lumbo-periotoneal shunting and a longer postoperative course to confirm the validity of this therapeutic approach