Association of Socio-Demographic and Clinicopathological Risk Factors with Oral Cancers: A 19-Year Retrospective Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the association of socio-demographic and clinic-pathological risk factors with oral cancer in Kelantan, Malaysia. Material and Methods: A 19-year cross-sectional survey was performed in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Malaysia. Medical record of 301 oral cancer patients was retrieved from the Medical Records office. Results: The majority of the oral cancer cases were male (62.8%), non-smokers (57.5%), non-alcohol consumers (83.4%), non-betel quid chewers (96.7%), and belonged to Malay ethnicity (68.8%). At the time of diagnosis, most of the patients were at stage II (38.9%). Approximately one-third (30.6%) of the total OC patients experienced loco-regional/distant metastasis, whereas no metastasis was detected in around two-thirds of cases (69.4%). A combination of surgery and radiotherapy was the most commonly employed treatment modality (27.2%). At the time of this study, the survival status of most of the patients was alive (69.1%). The most frequently encountered oral cancer in the Kelantanese population was oral squamous cell carcinoma (70.1%), with the tongue being the most frequently involved oral cavity site (35.5%). Conclusion: More than three-fourths of the cases were alive at follow-up, which included the cases that did not undergo any form of treatment.

A Case of True Hermaphroditism, 46, XY DSD

A 26 year old student reared as a female, presented with inability to menstruate and increased facial hair growth. On examination , patient had hyperandrogenic features including hirsutism, low pitched voice, microphallus with hypospadias. Investigations revealed a 46 XY karyotype with increased testosterone and imaging revealed both ovaries and testes with a hypoplastic uterus. The patient was managed with bilateral testicular gonadectomy, feminising genitoplasty and hormonal therapy.

Coronary CT Angiography in Asymptomatic Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Coronary artery disease is often asymptomatic in diabetic patients until the onset of myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death. . Coronary artery CT angiography can detect Coronary artery disease with high specificity and sensitivity. Aims &objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of coronary artery disease by CT angiography in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients asymptomatic for coronary artery disease with one or more additive risk factors for coronary artery disease. Methods: This hospital based observational study was conducted from March 2013 to August 2014 at GMC Srinagar. This study was carried out among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients asymptomatic for coronary artery disease with one or more additional risk factors for coronary artery disease. Total of 52 patients with Type 2 diabetes patient underwent Cardiac CT. Results: Mean age of study population was 57.08 ±9.33 years..34 were males and 18 were females. 65.39% of total patient who underwent CT Angiography had plaque in coronary arteries while 34.61% have no plaque and normal coronary vessels. 19.23% patients have significant stenosis defined by luminal narrowing more than 70%. There was statistically significant relation between those who have patient significant stenosis and nonsignificant stenosis with regards to mean age, BMI, duration of diabetes , HDL ,LDL ,total cholesterol ,TG, HbA1c and coronary calcium score. Conclusion: Asymptomatic diabetics with additional risk factors have high prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques with 19% having obstructive CAD .The timely detection of CAD can help in optimizing treatment.

MRI findings in Joubert syndrome.

Joubert syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder with only 200 cases reported worldwide.Here we report 4 cases of this rare disorder with MRI findings.

Right internal carotid artery agenesis.

Congenital absence of one or both carotid arteries is a rare anomaly. It is usually discovered incidentally by computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging of head and neck taken for some other reason. Most of the patients are asymptomatic, although there is a close association of intracranial aneurysms and subarachinoid hemorrhage in many patients. Here we report a case of right internal carotid agenesis in a young female associated with recent onset amnestic syndrome.

Wandering spleen presenting as recurrent abdominal pain in a young female.

A young female child presented to our OPD for evaluation of recurrent abdominal pain. During the process of investigation USG abdomen and subsequently CECT abdomen revealed pelvic location of spleen. Splenopexy was performed and patient discharged. Patient is asymptomatic and on regular follow up.