Staurosporine Induces ROS-Mediated Process Formation in Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Rat Cortical Astrocytes

In the present study, we investigated the effect of staurosporine on the formation of cellular processes in human gingival fibroblasts and rat astrocytes. Staurosporine caused a rapid induction of process formation in human gingival fibroblasts and rat astrocytes in a concentration dependent manner. The process formation of human gingival fibroblasts and rat astrocytes was prevented by the pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine, suggesting that staurosporine-induced ROS production was responsible for the process formation. Colchicine, a microtubule depolymerizing agent, inhibited the staurosporine-induced process formation, whereas cytochalasin D, an actin filament breakdown agent, failed to suppress the formation of cellular processes. This result indicated that polymerization of microtubule, and not actin filament, was responsible for the formation of cellular processes induced by staurosporine. In support of this hypothesis, Western blot analysis was conducted using anti-tubulin antibody, and the results showed that the amount of polymerized microtubule was increased by the treatment with staurosporine while that of depolymerized beta-tubulin in soluble fraction was decreased. These results indicate that staurosporine induces ROS-mediated, microtubule-dependent formation of cellular processes in human gingival fibroblasts and rat astrocytes.

Image fusion accuracy for the integration of digital dental model and 3D CT images by the point-based surface best fit algorithm

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to develop a technique for creating a computerized composite maxillofacial-dental model, based on point-based surface best fit algorithm and to test its accuracy. The computerized composite maxillofacial-dental model was made by the three dimensional combination of a 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) bone model with digital dental model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This integration procedure mainly consists of following steps : 1) a reconstruction of a virtual skull and digital dental model from CT and laser scanned dental model ; 2) an incorporation of dental model into virtual maxillofacial-dental model by point-based surface best fit algorithm; 3) an assessment of the accuracy of incorporation. To test this system, CTs and dental models from 3 volunteers with cranio-maxillofacial deformities were obtained. And the registration accuracy was determined by the root mean squared distance between the corresponding reference points in a set of 2 images. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Fusion error for the maxillofacial 3D CT model with the digital dental model ranged between 0.1 and 0.3 mm with mean of 0.2 mm. The range of errors were similar to those reported elsewhere with the fiducial markers. So this study confirmed the feasibility and accuracy of combining digital dental model and 3D CT maxillofacial model. And this technique seemed to be easier for us that its clinical applicability can good in the field of digital cranio-maxillofacial surgery.

Succinylcholine-Induced Fasciculation is Prevented by Mivacurium-Precurarization / 대한구급학회지

BACKGOUND: Succinylcholine (SCC) injection may be associated with adverse effects including elevated serum potassium (K ) and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) level, and postoperative myalgia. Many studies have been made to prevent these adverse effects such as pretreatment with non-depolarizing muscle relaxants. The effects of the pretreatment with vecuronium or mivacurium, a new non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, on SCC-induced fasciculation, serum K and CPK level was investigated in this study. METHODS: ASA physical status I or II, 40 patients were allocated randomly into 4 groups. Group I as a control group received SCC 1 mg/kg only, while the other groups were pretreated with vecuronium 0.02 mg/kg (0.4 x ED95) (group II), mivacurium 0.02 mg/kg (0.25 x ED95) (group III) and 0.03 mg/kg (0.4 x ED95) (group IV) before the SCC 1.5 mg/kg injection, respectively. Serum K concentration was measured just before anesthetic induction and 5 minute after SCC injection, and serum CPK was estimated before induction and at 24~36 hours postoperatively. And the fasciculation after SCC injection was graded by Cullen's suggestion. RESULTS: Serum K concentration was increased in group I and decreased in pretreated groups, but the difference was not significant within each group and between the groups. Serum CPK level was increased in group I, II and IV but these changes were also insignificant between all groups. The grade of SCC-induced fasciculation was attenuated in group II and IV (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Like vecuronium, mivacurium 0.03 mg/kg is effective to reduce fasciculation after SCC injection, but 0.02 mg/kg is not. However, any complication does not occur in the two dosages.

Electrosurgical Burns at EKG Electrode: A case report / 대한마취과학회지

Electrosurgery can pose some risk to patients. Recently we experienced a case of accidental burning. Nine year-old patient received burn at the site of the ECG electrode attached to the right subclavian area during an electrosurgical operation. Even though the cutting and coagulation powers were not so much high, inappropriate earth with the fault of electrosurgical unit might lead to the generation of heat. To avoid recurrence, every electrical instruments should inspected, tested and required to be fault-free. Properly functioning surgical and monitoring units must be used.

Upper Airway Obstruction & Brachial Plexus Injury Occurred after Microvascular Decompression under Fukushima Lateral Position: A case report / 대한마취과학회지

A 25 years old woman was adrnitted to the department of neurosurgery for a right hemifacial spasm. She was undertaken microvascular decompression in the Fukushima lateral position. Following completion of operation, she began to complain of dyspnea, but the phonation was not changed. Mild weakness and paresthesia on left upper extremity was complained, too. Severe swelling on the left side of face and neck expending to left shoulder was noted simultaneously. Immediate computerized tomography was taken to reveal the cause of respiratory distress, which suggested that venous and/or lymphatic congestion on the left side of neck. As respiratory distress was getting more severe, emergent tracheostomy was taken. The cause of above symptoms was suspected to an extreme rotation and flexion of the head resulting in direct contact of mandibular body to clavicle. A month after operation, there was still remained mild paresthesia on left thumb and index finger.

Comparison of Anesthesiology Related Terminology between South and North Korea / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Terminology is a good index of reflections in conceptional imaginations, trends and technological advances in the field of their own. The goal of this study was to compare the similarity and difference of terms in anesthesiology to evaluate the communicability between South and North Korea. These results may be particularly helpful during the next step of making glossary, academic communication and the searching of social unity at the time of reunion. METHODS: Several books and indexes written in South and North Korea and data from seminars were obtained. Multiple terms were then drawn from these data. These terms were used to make a comparison between South and North side. RESULTS: Both side does not use a Chinese character in their books and indexes, even though many terms stem from a Chinese character. North side had more terms of native language than South side. There were some different terms because of each others rules of grammar. Several terms were confusedly used in both side. In some of combined terms, words were reversed in their orders. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that terminology using in South and North Korea in the field of anesthesiology is not so far way and both side can be capable of communication without any difficulty. But both have many areas to be filled with terms of native language to have identity.

Complications of Artificial Airways / 대한마취과학회지

Artificial airways have been widely used to keep patency of airway and apply respiratiory care, however those airways may cause frequent and severe complications. Many etiologic factors have been implicated in the development of these problems with the exact reasons being as yet unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence, evolution and long-thrm effects of complications following artificial airways and to evaluate the effect of complications following artificial airways and to evaluate the effect of factors in the genesis of those complications. 332 consecutive patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit in Shinchon Severance Hospital over a 6-month period from March to August, 1990 were studied who had been intubated or tracheostomied. 1) Complications following artificial airways occurred in 58 patients among 332 patients and the rate of complication was 17.5% and the total number of complication was 63 cases. 2) There was no significant relationship between the rate of complications and patient's demographic factors, such as age and sex. 3) There was statistic significance between the rate of complications and factors such as frequencies of intubation and drugs used for intubation such as sedatives and muscle relaxants. 4) As frequency of intubation increased once, the rate of complication increased about twice. 5) The rate of complications in the patients without sedatives and muscle relaxants at intubation was 2.34 times greater than in those administered either medications.