Identification of the Gene Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma using Differential Gene Expression / 대한간학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It has been acknowleged that diverse factors such as Hepatitis B or C virus, alcohol, food carcinogens, and environmental or genetic factors are involved in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. In the molecular biologic aspect, suppression of tumor suppressor gene or amplification of oncogene, abnormal regulation of cell cycle-related proteins, abnormal apoptosis mechanism, and diverse growth factors are reported to be factors that contribute to hepatocellular carcinogenesis. In this study, the genetic difference between hepatocellular carcinoma tissue and surrounding non-hepatocellular carcinoma tissue has been investigated to identify genes that are deleted, diminished, amplified, or newly developed in hepatocellular carcinoma using differential gene expression. METHOD: We studied each of 12 biopsy samples of hepatocellular carcinoma and surrounding non-hepatocellular carcinoma tissues obtained during surgical resections. Random arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction (RAP-PCR) was applied for differential gene expression. The genes that are deleted, diminished, or amplified, newly developed in hepatocellular carcinoma are cloned, sequenced, and then identified by BLAST search, some genes are characterized by eletrophoresis motility shift assay (EMSA) and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: We identified the various, diverse genes classified as tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes, growth factor genes, and some kinds of transcription factors. Some of these genes were identified to be repressed, deleted or diminished, others were amplified, or newly developed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. CONCLUSIONS: RAP-PCR is a good method in the identification of the gene associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. The result in this study shows that so many genes are different between hepatocellular carcinoma and surrounding non- hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, and that the genes related with hepatocellular carcinogenesis may be predicted. Further studies are necessary for analyzing the relationship bet

A Case of a Retained Surgical Sponge Diagnosed by Colonoscopy / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Gossypibomas, retained surgical sponges are prone to creat adhesions and to encapsulate, or to provoke an exudative response, with or without accompanying bacterial infection. Often a process of transmural migration can occur and we experienced a case which was diagnosed by colonoscopy. A 24 year-old female patient who had a history of Cesarean section 4 months ago came to the hospital with a complaint of intermittent right lower quadrant pain. A thread of surgical sponge was found by colonoscopy from ascending colon to cecum. At laparotomy, a transmurally migrating surgical sponge through the colonic fistula at the cecal base with surrounding abscess cavity was found. Adding a case report, the fate of intraperitoneal forgotten surgical sponges is reviewed.

A case of human toxocariasis with hypereosinophilic syndrome confirmed by serologic test / 천식및알레르기

Human toxocariasis is defined as the infection of a human host by the larval stages of Toxocara canis, a common intestinal parasite of dogs. We experienced a patient with hypereosinophilic syndrome involving liver and stomach caused by human toxocariasis. The diagnosis of toxocariasis was confirmed by detecting serum specific IgE antibody to Toxocara excretory-secretory antigens (TES-Ag) by ELISA and IgG immunoblot analysis, with high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of toxocariasis. Toxocariasis should be considered one of the causative diseases inducing hypereosinophilic syndrome in this country.

A case of a patient with IgG3 subclass deficiency and recurrent fungal infection of oral cavity / 천식및알레르기

Common clinical manifestations in patients with IgG subclass deficiency include recurrent respiratory tract infection, recurrent otitis media and sinopulmonary infection by virus or bacteria. The administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been regarded as the most effective therapy in these patients. We experienced a 22-year-old patient with IgG3 subclass deficiency and recurrent fungal infection of oral cavity and lips. IVIG was given at 0.2g/kg/dose twice a month for 6 months. After treatment with IVIG, the patient improved clinically.