Unruptured unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy: a rare case report

Unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy is a rare entity with an incidence of 1 in 125,000 pregnancies. This is a case of a 26-year-old primigravida with a spontaneous unilateral twin ectopic gestation, diagnosed on transvaginal ultrasound, treated laparoscopically by doing unilateral salpingectomy and confirmed with histopathology. The doubt for ectopic pregnancy was raised when the serum β-HCG level was constantly >1500 mIU/ml and serum progesterone level was <5 pg/ml and no intrauterine pregnancy was seen. On a follow-up scan, twin gestational sac was noted in right adnexa along with a large haemorrhagic cyst in the right ovary. On post-surgery follow-up, patient was found to have had complete recovery. This case report discusses the incidence and rarity, yet possibility of twin ectopic gestations, the need for early diagnosis and its management.

Degenerated fibroid: a diagnostic dilemma

Leiomyoma is one of the most commonly encountered benign gynaecological neoplasms. With a wide range of symptoms, sometimes even asymptomatic, these tumors are easy to diagnose and treat, unless there are degenerative changes, which makes them difficult to diagnose and differentiating them from other serious conditions including malignancy, thereby, complicating their management also. Here, the case present to you a case of 48-year-old women with symptoms and clinical examination suggesting fibroid uterus but imaging studies inconclusive to differentiate fibroid uterus with ovarian malignancy, thus, creating a diagnostic dilemma. Ultimately, patient underwent exploratory laparotomy, keeping possibility of ovarian malignancy. Histopathological examination of the specimen of total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy concluded extensive cystic degeneration of leiomyoma and no evidence of malignancy.

Bilateral gemination of maxillary permanent incisors: a case report

Developmental dental disorders may be due to anomalies in tooth number, size, shape and structure. Gemination and fusion are anomalies of shape with close similarity but with different etiology. Gemination and fusion are anomalies of shape with close similarity but with different etiology. The etiology of germination is not fully understood environmental factors such as trauma, vitamin deficiencies, systemic diseases and certain genetic predisposition have been suggested as possible causes. A 9 year old male patient reported to the department of pedodontics and preventive dentistry Dr R Ahmed Dental College & Hospital with the chief complaint of unaesthetic upper front teeth on clinical examination. It was found that the upper central incisors were markedly large in size with buccolingual grooves present partially separating two halves of crown. The incisors were caries free and there was no history of pain or any discomfort. Since the roots were not completely formed the patient was kept on follow up for the treatment to be delivered.