RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Urate transporters such as GLUT9, URAT1, NPT1 and ABCG2 are directly involved in the regulation of human serum uric acid levels. The gene polymorphism of urate transporter is closely related to the occurrence and development of gout. Therefore, the targeted therapy of urate transporter is a new way to treat gout. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of polymorphism expression of urate transporter in gout and its correlation with clinical drugs in recent years, therefore providing literature and theoretical basis for further exploration of personalized treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. METHODS: The first author searched CNKI, WanFang database and PubMed database. The key words were “Gout, Urate transporter, Hyperuricemia, Polymorphism, GWAS, Therapy” in Chinese and English, respectively. Totally 131 literatures were retrieved. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 78 articles regarding the genetic polymorphism of urate transporter in gout and the correlation between the mechanism of action of gout drugs and urate transporter were screened out and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A large number of studies have shown that urate transporter polymorphism is closely related to uric acid homeostasis, with GLUT9, URAT1, NPT1 and ABCG2 being the most important. These proteins are differentially expressed in different populations and are closely related to the reaction mechanism of gout drugs. In the future diagnosis and treatment, the results of these studies can help assess the need for treatment in patients with hyperuricemia, and help patients with gout formulate personalized and effective treatment plans. It may be a feasible solution to treat hyperuricemia by activating BCRP to enhance the clearance of uric acid in the intestine.