Comparison of urodynamic changes in elderly patients with central neurogenic bladder and with peripheral neurogenic bladder / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To examine differences in urodynamic changes between central neurogenic bladder(CNB)and peripheral neurogenic bladder(PNB)in elderly patients.Methods:A total of 57 elderly patients over 60 years old with neurogenic bladder(NB)were divided into a CNB group and a PNB group based on the types of nerve injuries.Data on urodynamic parameters recorded for the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:The rate of detrusor overactivity(DO)in the CNB group was significantly higher than that in the PNB group [66.7%(16/24)vs.36.4%(12/33), χ2=5.105, P=0.024]. There were significant differences between the two groups in maximum bladder capacity(MCC)[(277.8±101.1)in the CNB group vs.(481.4±110.2)ml in the PNB group, t=-7.149, P=0.001]and in safe bladder capacity(SBC)[(283.2±28.8)ml in the CNB group vs.(348.6±33.9)ml in the PNB group, t=-7.636, P=0.000]. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the maximum urine flow rate, residual urine volume, urination volume, leak point pressure, or detrusor pressure at the maximum urine flow rate(all P>0.05). In the CNB group, 8 patients had normal bladder sensation, 4 had disappeared bladder sensation, 10 had decreased sensation, and 2 had increased sensation.In the PNB group, 9 patients had normal bladder sensation, 4 had disappeared bladder sensation, 14 had decreased sensation, and 2 had increased sensation.There was no statistical significance in SBC between different sensation levels within each group( P>0.05). Conclusions:There are differences in urodynamic characteristics between the elderly patients with CNB and those with PNB.Decreases in MCC, SBC and DO are more likely to occur in CNB.

Light and heat of moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis：a multi-center randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical therapeutic effect of light and heat of moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).@*METHODS@#A total of 216 patients with KOA were randomized into a traditional moxibustion group (72 cases, 8 cases dropped off), a moxibustion light group (72 cases, 9 cases dropped off) and a moxibustion heat group (72 cases, 10 cases dropped off).The special light-heat separation moxibustion cup was applied, the patients in the traditional moxibustion group received the treatment of moxibustion, the patients in the moxibustion light group received the treatment of moxibustion light and the patients in the moxibustion heat group received the treatment of moxibustion heat. The acupoint selection of the three groups was Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Dubi (ST 35) and Zusanli (ST 36), the treatment was given 20 min each time, 3 times a week, 4 weeks were required totally, and the follow-up surveys were made 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. The scores of Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were observed before treatment, after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. The therapeutic effects were evaluated according to the criterion of patient global assessment (PGA) after 4 weeks of treatment and 8 weeks after treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared with before treatment, the pain scores, stiffness scores, physical function scores and total scores of WOMAC were reduced after 2, 4 weeks of treatment and 4 weeks after treatment in the three groups (<0.05). The pain scores, stiffness scores, physical function scores and total scores of WOMAC were reduced 8 weeks after treatment in the traditional moxibustion group and the moxibustion heat group (<0.05). The stiffness score, physical function score and total score of WOMAC were reduced 8 weeks after treatment in the moxibustion light group (<0.05). The pain score, physical function score and total score of WOMAC in the traditional moxibustion group after 4 weeks of treatment were lower than the moxibustion light group (<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the VAS scores were reduced after 2, 4 weeks of treatment and 4 , 8 weeks after treatment in the three groups (<0.05). The improvement rates in the traditional moxibustion group and the moxibustion heat group after 4 weeks of treatment and 8 weeks after treatment were superior to the moxibustion light group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The light and heat of moxibustion have therapeutic effect for KOA, and the therapeutic effect of moxibustion heat is superior to moxibustion light.

Effect of acupuncturing Back-Shu points on gastrin, motilin of chronic atrophic gastritis model in rats / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To study the effect of gastrin, motilin of chronic atrophic gastritis model in rats by acupuncturing at back-shu points. Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, omeprazole group, back-shu points group, with 15 rats in each group, and to establish the model of chronic atrophic gastritis by irregular diet that given rats odd and even days. The blank control group, model control group were fed with normal saline, 2ml/time, 1 time/day. The omeprazole group was given oral gavage(Omeprazole 0.44 mg/kg, Clarithromycin 6.92 mg/kg, Metronidazole 7.6 mg/kg), 1 time/day. Back-shu points group received acupuncture at “Geshu”“Ganshu”“Pishu”“Weishu”“Shenshu”, retaining 15 min, 1 time/day. After 30 days, the content of ELSIA was used to detect the serum gastrin, motilin. Results ①GAS of model control group(54.25±5.70)pg/ml was significantly decreased compared with blank control group(66.63± 5.99)pg/ml, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the model control group, GAS content of omeprazole group(62.70±8.55)pg/ml and back-shu Points group(66.27±3.79)pg/ml were higher, showed significant differences(P<0.05). ②MOT of model control group(223.60±17.83)pg/ml was significantly increased compared with the blank control group(188.45 ± 8.90)pg/ml, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). MOT of omeprazole group(200.16 ± 4.38)pg/ml and back-shu Points group(190.11±10.04)pg/ml were lower than those in the model control group, there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncturing at back-shu acupoints can increase the content of GAS, reduce content of MOT, regulate gastrointestinal hormone in rats of chronic atrophic gastritis model.

Operating rules of cotton-pave moxibustion and its samples for clinical application in dermatopathy / 中国针灸

In clinical researches, the authors find that cotton-pave moxibustion has obvious effect for treatment of common dermatopathy, such as herpes zoster. This therapy has some advantages such as easy operation, obvious clinical effect, slight and short burning pain and easy to be accepted by patients. The purpose of this paper is to make the operation of cotton-pave moxibustion standardized, spread and popularize the application of this therapy in dermatopathy through detailed description to the operation method and points for attention of cotton-pave moxibustion and its typical cases.

Development of cell-penetrating peptides as vectors for drug delivery / 药学学报

Biomacromolecules play an important role in the treatment of many diseases, but as a result of cell membrane serving as the natural barriers, only the small molecular compounds whose molecular weights are smaller than 600 Da can get through cell membrane and enter the cell. In recent years, some short peptides (the length less than 30 amino acids) are found to have the cell-penetrating function, called cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). They are able to effectively translocate segments of protein, polypeptides, nucleic acid into the cells of many mammal animals with many methods. They have high transduction efficiency and will not lead to cell damage. So, the discovery of CPPs has a very good applicable prospect in such research fields as cell-biology, gene-therapy, drug transduction in vivo, evaluation of clinical medicine and medical immunology. This paper reviews the types and characteristics of CPPs, internalization mechanisms, applications, and their existing problems.