Heterocyclic compounds and phenolic glycosides from flowers of Dendrobium officinale / 中国中药杂志

Eight heterocyclic compounds and twelve phenolic glycosides were separated from the water extract of Dendrobium officinale flowers through chromatographic techniques, such as Diaion HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography(CC), silica gel CC, ODS CC, Sephadex LH-20 CC, and preparative high performance liquid chromatography(PHPLC). According to the spectroscopic analyses(MS, ~1H-NMR, and ~(13)C-NMR) and optical rotation data, the compounds were identified as dendrofurfural A(1), 2'-deoxyadenosine(2), 4-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] butanoic acid(3), 4-[2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] butanoic acid(4), 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde(5), 5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde(6), methyl 5-(hydroxymethyl)-furan-2-carboxylate(7),(S)-5-hydroxymethyl-5H-furan-2-one(8), 2-methoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9), arbutin(10), isotachioside(11), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12), orcinol glucoside(13), tachioside(14), gastrodin(15), 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosylvanillyl alcohol(16), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxymethylphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(17), icariside D_2(18), 4-formylphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(19), and vanillin-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(20). Among them, compound 1 is a new furfural benzyl alcohol condensate, with the skeleton first found in Dendrobium. Compounds 2-9, 11, 13, and 19 are reported from Dendrobium for the first time, and compounds 14 and 18 are reported for the first time from D. officinale. Compounds 11 and 14 showed moderate DPPH radical scavenging capacity, and compounds 11-14 demonstrated potent ABTS radical scavenging capacity, possessing antioxidant activity.

0ne case report of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

This paper reported a case of severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia. The patient had a clear history of contact with sick poultry. The clinical manifestations were dry cough, fever and respiratory failure. Chest CT showed consolidation in the lower lobe of the right lung, and a small amount of exudative ground-glass opacity in the left lung. Chlamydia psittaci was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by metagenomic assay. After treatment with antibiotics such as nitroimidazoles and carbapenems, the patient was discharged with a better health condition.

Safety of Thread Embedding Acupuncture Therapy: A Systematic Review / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the safety of thread embedding acupuncture therapy (TEAT) and discuss the prevention and treatment of some adverse events (AEs).@*METHODS@#Review of databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), CBMdisc, Wanfang, VIP databases and English literature published in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science, were searched from their inception to January 2020, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case reports in which AEs with TEAT were included. Cochrane Collaboration's tool and RevMan V.5.3.3 software were used to evaluate the quality of the studies.@*RESULTS@#A total of 61 studies (45 RCTs and 16 case reports) with 620 cases of AEs were included in this review. These studies were published in two countries: China and South Korea. Twenty eight kinds of AEs were summarized. The most common AEs were induration, bleeding and ecchymosis, redness and swelling, fever, and pain. They were accounted for 75.35% (425/564) in the review, and most of them were mild. The rarest AEs were epilepsy, irregular menstruation, skin ulcer, thread malabsorption, and fat liquefaction, with 1 case each. But not all of them had clear causal relationship with TEAT. Most of the AEs were local reactions [with incidence of 9.83% (480/4,882)] and systemic reactions accounted for only 1.27% (62/4,882). Although the included studies showed that AEs were very commonly encountered (11.09%), only 5 cases of severe AEs reported from 2013 to 2017 (0.1%) by using catgut thread, which are rarely seen nowdays with the wide use of new absorbable surgical suture. All of the severe AEs were recovered after symptomatic treatment with no sequelae.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The evidence showed that TEAT is a relatively safe and convenient therapy especially since application of new absorbable surgical suture. Improving practitioner skills, regulating operations, and paying attention to the patients' conditions may reduce the incidence of AEs and improve safety of TEAT.

Preparation of Carbon Dots and Their Application in Food Analysis as Signal Probe / 分析化学

As the new popular fluorescent carbon nanomaterials, carbon dots have not only excellent optical properties and small size characteristics, but also have good biocompatibility, low toxicity and easy to achieve the surface functional characteristics, and can replace the traditional semi-quantum dots of the better choice.Based on the unique fluorescence characteristics and high sensitivity, carbon fluorescent probe has a good potential in food analysis and testing. In this experiment, the study of fluorescent carbon dots has been reviewed in recent years. The characteristics of carbon dots are briefly introduced and the preparation methods of carbon dots are summarized. The application of carbon dot fluorescent probes in food analysis and detection is introduced and the limitations and development of carbon point application are analyzed and forecasted.

Preparation of Carbon Dots and Their Application in Food Analysis as Signal Probe / 分析化学

As the new popular fluorescent carbon nanomaterials, carbon dots have not only excellent optical properties and small size characteristics, but also have good biocompatibility, low toxicity and easy to achieve the surface functional characteristics, and can replace the traditional semi-quantum dots of the better choice.Based on the unique fluorescence characteristics and high sensitivity, carbon fluorescent probe has a good potential in food analysis and testing. In this experiment, the study of fluorescent carbon dots has been reviewed in recent years. The characteristics of carbon dots are briefly introduced and the preparation methods of carbon dots are summarized. The application of carbon dot fluorescent probes in food analysis and detection is introduced and the limitations and development of carbon point application are analyzed and forecasted.

Prognostic values of interim and post-therapy 18F-FDG PET/CT scanning in adult patients with Burkitt's lymphoma / 癌症

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The prognostic values of interim and post-therapy fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/computed tomography (CT) scanning have been confirmed in several subtypes of lymphoma. However, its prognostic value in Burkitt's lymphoma has not been clearly defined. The aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of PET/CT scanning during different treatment processes of Burkitt's lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 29 adult patients with newly diagnosed Burkitt's lymphoma were retrospectively involved in this study; of them, 23 patients underwent baseline PET/CT, 15 patients underwent mid-therapy PET/CT after 1-4 cycles of chemotherapy, and 17 patients underwent post-therapy PET/CT after all planned first-line chemotherapy cycles. Mid-therapy and post-therapy PET/CT results (positive vs. negative) were visually interpreted according to the criteria of the International Harmonization Project. The reduction in the maximum standardizes uptake values (∆SUVmax) of 25%, 50%, and 75% were regarded as cutoff points. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were regarded as the major endpoints.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median OS and PFS were 27.6 months (range 6.5-78.3 months) and 27.2 months (range 3.0-78.3 months), respectively. The median SUVmax of the baseline PET/CT was 18.3 (range 1.6-35.9), whereas the median SUVmax of the mid-therapy and post-therapy PET/CT decreased to 4.0 (range 0-17.6) and 3.0 (range 0-14.5), respectively. The patients' Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores (<2 vs. ≥2) were significantly associated with the baseline PET/CT SUVmax. The mid-therapy and post-therapy PET/CT results (positive vs. negative) showed no significant association with OS or PFS. The optimal cutoff ∆SUVmax from the baseline to the post-therapy PET/CT that could predict a change in OS in patients with Burkitt's lymphoma was 50% (P = 0.019).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>(18)F-FDG uptake was intense in Burkitt's lymphoma, and there was a significant reduction in SUVmax during the interim and post-therapy PET/CT procedures. A ∆SUVmax of greater than 50% was a favorable cutoff point to predict the OS of Burkitt's lymphoma patients.</p>

Clinical characteristics of the patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma involving extranodal sites / 癌症

Differences between Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients in China and Western countries are known to exist, but data on Chinese patients with HL are limited. It is not clear whether there are clinical and histological differences in patients with HL involving different extranodal sites. This is the first study to analyze Chinese patients with HL involving different extranodal sites. We selected 22 HL patients with extranodal involvement from more than 250 previously untreated HL patients. Most patients were young males, and 20 of the 22 patients had stage IV disease. The major pathologic types were nodular sclerosis classical HL (NSCHL) and mixed cellularity classical HL(MCCHL). At diagnosis, the most commonly involved extranodal sites were the liver and lung, followed by the bones. There was no significant association between the international prognostic score(IPS) and survival in patients with different extranodal sites. Our data showed the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates of low-risk group (IPS = 0-2) were relatively higher than those of high-risk group (IPS ≥ 3), but the IPS did not show predictive power for survival. Although HL with extranodal involvement is rare, it should be considered as a unique form of HL.

EGFR inhibitors sensitize non-small cell lung cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis / 癌症

Apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) can be regulated by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway. In this study, recombinant adenoviral vectors that encode TRAIL gene from the hTERT/RGD promoter (AdTRAIL) was combined with drugs including gefitinib, elotinib, and cetuximab that inhibit EGFR and the EGF signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines to investigate their antitumor activity. In vitro, compared to single reagent, AdTRAIL combined with EGFR inhibitors reduced proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in H460, A549, and SW1573 cell lines. Western blot results suggested that these effects were relative to up-regulation of pro-apoptosis protein BAX and down-regulation of p-AKT. In vivo, AdTRAIL combined with cetuximab resulted in a significant growth reduction in H460 xenografts without damage to the main organs of nude mice. Histological examination and TUNEL analyses of xenografts showed that cetuximab enhanced cell apoptosis induced by AdTRAIL. These results indicate that EGFR inhibitors enhanced AdTRAIL anti-tumor activity in NSCLC cell lines and that inhibiting the AKT pathway played an important role in this enhancement.

Investigation on iodine nourishment and growth of children before and after the implementation of iodine in Qiannan,Gulzhou Province / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship of dynamic changes between the iodine nutritional condition and growth of children born before and after the implementation of universal iodine.Methods By means of sampling investigation,urinary iodine and goiter,height,weight,intelligence quotient(IQ)were comprehensively evahated in children aged 7～14 years old born before and after the implementation of iodine in 10 counties and 2 cities of Qiannan.Results The median of urinary iodine of children Was 91.88μg/L in 1984,133.33μg/L in 1994,316.00μg/L in 2006;goiter rate was 21.40%(122/570)in 1984,12.86%(107/832)in 1994,5.28%(45/851)in 2006;the average IQ was 89.18±4.10 in 1994,94.26±0.94 in 2006;children in each age group in 2006 has a higher height and a heavier weight compared with those in 1984.Conclusion The physical development and intelligence of children in the areas of iodine deficiency have improved along with the correction of iodine deficiency.

Rural children's iodine-nutritional status in Qiannan state:an evaluation on 20-year salt iodization / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To investingate the iodine-nutritional status of the rural children form 8 to 10 years old after salt iodzation had been implemented in Qiannan State.Methods The size of thyroid gland waft measured by palpation in 421 rural children aged 8～10 years old in Qiannan State.Calorimetric eerie-arsenic assay and vitriolic ammonium assimilmion were used for testing urinary iodine,while Rsvens test was used to test the intelligent quotient (IQ).Results The rate of goiter was 5.0%(21/421).The median of urinary iodine Was 331.2μg/L The average IQ was 93.32±18.68 of the children aged 8～10.The IQ of children with different iodine-nutritional level was significantly different(P＜0.05).Conclusions The children's iodine nutrition in Qiannan State has been improved after the salt adds the iodine.Their intelligence level is quite normally.Iodine dificiency disease has been eliminated according to the national standard in terms of 8～10 year old child ufinaty iodine level and goiter rate.

Expression of aldosterone synthesis related enzyme and associated regulatory factor genes in aldosterone-producing adenoma / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the discrepancy of aldosterone synthesis process and potential regulation abnormality between aldosterone-producing adenoma(APA) and normal adrenal(NA) with microarray. Methods cRNA probes labelled with biotin were prepared from mRNA of APAs(APA group,n=10) or NAs(control group,n=7).The probes were hybridized with oligonucleotide microarray of target gene expression profile.Expression levels were read from the fluorescent intensity scanned.The difference of gene expression profile was analyzed by computer software.Differentially expressed genes were verified by real-time RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group,97 genes were up-regulated and 168 genes were down-regulated in APA group.In the genes related to steroid hormone synthesis,only CYP11B2 was significantly up-regulated.In the physiologic regulators of aldosterone synthesis,CYB5A,CYP17A1,DUSP1 and HMGCR were down-regulated,while RENBP and NR1H2 were up-regulated.As a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of cortisol,the expression of CYP17A1 gene was inhibited. Conclusion Among the aldosterone synthesis related enzyme and corresponding regulatory genes in APA,CYP11B2 may be a key synthetase,and the suppressed physiologic regulators of aldosterone synthesis may indicate the existence of neoplastic modulation.