68Ga-PSMA PET/CT-targeted biopsy for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer in patients with serum PSA levels <20.0 ng/ml / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT-guided targeted prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer(csPCa). Methods:This retrospective analysis allocated 89 patients with elevated PSA levels between 4.0-20.0 ng/ml to PET group(n=48) or TRUS group(n=41) between September 2017 and June 2019. Patients with PSMA-avid lesions (SUV max≥8.0) underwent PET-TB via a single-puncture percutaneous transgluteal approach (n=19), while patients with negative PSMA-PET underwent systematic TRUS-GB (n=29). Patients in the TRUS group who did not get 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT examination underwent TRUS-GB directly (n=41). The mean age, prostate volume, PSA value of PET group and TURS group were (71.2±9.1) years vs. (68.0±12.0) years, (62.9±29.1)ml vs. (65.4±38.9)ml , 8.8(6.6, 13.6) ng/ml vs. 9.8(7.1, 13.1)ng/ml, respectively (all P>0.05). The diagnostic efficacy and difference of PCa and csPCa between the two groups were compared. PET-TB adopts a new mode of percutaneous gluteus approach and carries out precise image fusion of PSMA-PET/CT and pelvic CT in the same machine and in the same position (prone position). Under the direct guidance of CT, the biopsy is performed with only one precise puncture. Results:PCa and csPCa were detected in 27/89(30.3%)and 20/89(22.5%)in all patients. PET group detected significantly more cases of PCa and csPCa than those of TRUS group [PCa: 41.7%(20/48) vs. 17.1%(7/41), χ2=6.328; csPCa: 33.3%(16/48) vs. 9.8%(4/41), χ2=7.055, P<0.01]. Of 19 patients with PSMA-PET positive, PET-TB detected 16 cases of PCa(84.2%) by a single needle puncture, and the proportions of cancer tissues were ≥80% in 2, 50%-79% in 8, and <50% in 6 cases. Among these, Gleason score was underestimated by biopsy histopathology in 2 patients. Of 3 patients with PET-TB negative, 1 case of low-risk PCa(Gleason 3+ 3) was detected by complementary TRUS-GB. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT(SUV max≥8.0) for the diagnosis of csPCa were 73.9%(14/19), 93.1%(27/29), 87.5%(14/16), 81.3%(26/32)and 85.4%(41/48), respectively. For PET-TB, only one patient had slight symptoms of haematuria after the puncture, no cases of hematochezia, hemospermia, urinary retention or pelvic infection were observed. Conclusions:68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is a feasible novel puncture technique that may serve as a triage tool for prostate biopsy, and PET-TB may improve the detection rate of csPCa compared with TURS-GB, especially in patients with serum PSA 4.0-20.0 ng/ml.

A mouse model of hypospadias induced by flutamide / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a mouse model of hypospadias induced by flutamide to further studying molecular mechanisms of hypospadias etiology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty timed pregnant ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups. Flutamide was injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with mixture sesame oil at 0 (Group A), 25 (Group B), 50 (Group C), 100 (Group D) mg.kg-1.d-1 from GD (gestation days) 12 to 16, respectively. The fetuses of two pregnants from each group were anatomized to observe the position of testes and the development of prostates on the day of delivery. Urethras and the position of testes were examined on postnatal day 28.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hypospadias was seen in Group A (0), B (44.2%), C (92.7%) and D (100%), and cryptorchidism in Group A (0), B (4.8%), C (23.2%) and D (32.4%), respectively. Flutamide caused 100% incidence of prostate agenesis in Group C and D and 19.2% in Group B, and 100% incidence of female-like anogenital distance in Group B, C, and D.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The experimental model of hypospadias induced by flutamide is steadier and more suitable for popularization.</p>

A modified animal model of orthotopic liver transplantation in rat / 医学研究生学报

Objective:To make an ideal model for liver transplantation. Methods:On the basis of cuff technique,we carried out 62 cases of orthotopic liver transplantation in 3 months. In the transplantation,we anastomosed the portal vein and subhepatic vena cava with cuff and conneted the suprahepatic vena cava to the recipient's diaphragm with 9-0 running suture. Results:The average time of acquiring donor liver was 32 minutes, reqairing liver was 12 minutes,unhepatic phase was 18 minutes.62 liver transplantation operations were carried out ,in which the operation success rate in late 30 cases was 90%. Conclusion:The results show that the model is stable and can be used in the experiment of liver transplantation.