Rapid Identification of Gastrodiae Rhizoma with Different Sulfur Fumigation Levels Based on Ultra-fast Gas Phase Electronic Nose / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveIn order to find a fast odor-based method for the identification of sulfur fumigated Gastrodiae Rhizoma， an ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose technology was used to identify the odors of different degrees of sulfur fumigated Gastrodiae Rhizoma decoction pieces. MethodHeracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose was employed to collect gas chromatograms of unsulfured and sulfured with different degrees of Gastrodiae Rhizoma decoction pieces， gas chromatograms were performed under programmed temperature （initial temperature of 40 ℃， 0.2 ℃·s-1 to 60 ℃， and then 4 ℃·s-1 to 250 ℃）， the sample volume was 5 mL， the incubation temperature was 65 ℃ and incubation time was 35 min. Kovats retention index and the AroChemBase database were used for qualitative analysis， and stoichiometric analysis was performed on this basis. Principal component analysis （PCA）， discriminant factor analysis （DFA） and partial least squares-discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） models were established to identify the Gastrodiae Rhizoma decoction pieces with different degrees of sulfur fumigation. ResultAccording to the comparative analysis of AroChemBase database， there were significant differences in the odor characteristics of sulfur fumigated and non-sulfur fumigated Gastrodiae Rhizoma， cyclopentane， acetone and heptane might be the odor components to distinguish the degree of sulfur fumigation in Gastrodiae Rhizoma decoction pieces. The identification index of PCA model was 81， the accumulative discriminant index of the discriminating factors was 92.09% in DFA model， the supervisory model interpretation rate of PLS-DA model was 0.963 and the predictive ability parameter was 0.956， indicating that PCA， DFA and PLS-DA models could well distinguish Gastrodiae Rhizoma decoction pieces with different sulfur fumigation degrees. ConclusionHeracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose can be used as a rapid method to identify and distinguish Gastrodiae Rhizoma decoction pieces with different levels of sulfur fumigation. Meanwhile， it can provide a rapid， simple and green method and technology for identification of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces by sulfur fumigation.

Premenstrual syndrome on the quality of life of medical staffs and its influencing factors / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of premenstrual syndrome( PMS) on the quality of life( QOL) of female medical staffs. METHODS: By convenient sampling method,1 007 female medical workers from three Grade A class 3 hospitals were selected as study subjects and investigated by PMS Scale,World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument Brief Version,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Social Support Rating Scale. RESULTS: The detection rate of PMS among medical staffs was 52. 0%,and the total score of QOL of PMS medical staffs was lower than that of non-PMS medical staffs [( 84. 3 ± 12. 4) vs( 90. 5 ± 11. 6),P < 0. 01]. The multivariate linear logistic regression analysis results showed that the PMS medical staffs who often stay up late,with higher degree of dysmenorrhea,higher job stress,lower positive coping style score,higher negative coping style score,and poor support have lower QOL( P < 0. 05). The coping style and social support of PMS medical staffs can directly affect the QOL. The social support can also indirectly affect the QOL through coping style. CONCLUSION: Coping style is a mediator of social support and QOL.Adopting coping style can improve the QOL of PMS medical staffs.

The effect of curcumin derivatives on the nuclear factor-κB expression in mice with hepatic fibrosis / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of curcumin derivatives C66 treatment on hepatic fibrosis .Methods Thirty three C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group ,model control group and curcumin derivatives C66 treatment group .Nine mice in normal control group were fed with water and food .Hepatic fibrosis model was induced in 24 mice by intraperitoneal injection of 40% carbon tetrachloride at a dose of 4 mL/kg for the first time ,followed by 2 mL/kg twice a week for 6 weeks . At week 6 ,6 mice were randomly selected to perform pathological examination to evaluate whether the hepatic fibrosis were successfully induced .Mice with hepatic fibrosis were randomized into model control group and curcumin derivatives C66 treatment group with 9 mice in each group .From week 6 on ,mice in the treatment group were lavaged with curcumin derivatives C66 at a dosage of 10 mg ·/(kg · d) .The rest mice were administered with equivalent dosage of 0 .5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium .Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ,aspartate aminotransferase (AST ) and liver hydroxyproline ( Hyp ) contents were detected , and the semi‐quantitative analysis of liver fibrosis was performed by pathological examination in hepatic tissue by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson staining .The expressions of collagen Ⅰ ,α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) mRNA and collagen Ⅰ ,α‐SMA ,nuclear factor‐kappa B p65 (NF‐κB p65) ,inhibitor kappa B alpha (IκBα) protein in each group were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and Western blot .Data were analyzed with one‐way ANOVA analysis .Results The serum levels of ALT and AST in model control group ,C66 treatment group and normal control group were (202 .71 ± 19 .66 ) U/L , (233 .42 ± 23 .97 ) U/L ;(102 .00 ± 11 .04 ) U/L , (120 .87 ± 13 .83 ) U/L ;(36 .66 ± 6 .37) U/L and (43 .33 ± 8 .08)U/L ,respectively .The differences between model and normal control group were both significant (t=23 .96 and 22 .39 ,respectively ;both P<0 .05) .The C66 treatment group showed significantly lower levels of serum ALT and AST in contrast with model control group (t =11 .56 and 10 .52 ,respectively ;both P<0 .05) .Compared to the model control group ,hepatic Hyp contents in normal control group and C66 treatment group were significantly different (t= 17 .50 , P< 0 .05;t=11 .45 ,P<0 .05) .Collagen Ⅰand α‐SMA mRNA expressions in C66 treatment group were remarkably lower in contrast with that in model control group (t= 7 .23 and 7 .95 ,respectively ;both P< 0 .05) . Protein levels of Collagen Ⅰ ,α‐SMA and NF‐κB p65 decreased in C66 treatment group ,while IκBαincreased significantly (all P<0 .05) .Conclusion The application of C66 can contribute to the regression of liver fibrosis and the mechanism may rely on the regulation of NF‐κB expression .

Relationships between the characteristics of the anatomy of the basis nasi and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationships between the characteristics of the upper airway anatomy, including the basis nasi, and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS). METHODSFifty OSAHS patients and 40 normal subjects received three-dimensional CT scan and poly somnography(PSG). Variables between the two groups were compared. The association between the PSG parameters and the upper airway anatomic features were analyzed. RESULTSThere were significant differences in several CT variables between OSAHS patients and normal subjects(P<0.05), including the minimal lateral airway dimension and the minimal cross-sectional airway area of both velopharynx and glossopharynx, the minimal anterior-posterior airway dimension of velopharynx, and the airway width of basis nasi. The result of logistic regression analysis suggested that the minimal cross-sectional airway area of velopharynx and the airway width of basis nasi were significant predictors of the OSAHS(P<0.05, the values of the odds ratio were 0.978 and 0.589). The correlation analysis suggested that the airway width and the airway area of basis nasi both correlated significantly with several CT variables of pharynx(P<0.05), among these results, the correlation coefficents between these two variables and the mCSA of velopharynx were 0.536 and 0.425 respectively. CONCLUSIONNarrowed basis nasi and velopharynx might be important anatomical features in OSAHS patients. There are correlations between the characteristics of basis nasi and the anatomy of pharyngeal airway.

Effects of hyoid position on surgical treatment outcome for patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the predictive value of the position of the hyoid in surgical outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The polysomnography, CT, and anthropometry data were retrospectively reviewed from patients who underwent revised uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with uvula preservation (H-UPPP) simply or the combination of H-UPPP and transpalatal advance pharyngoplasty (TAP) for OSAHS from July 2008 to December 2011. OSAHS was diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG) in 128 patients who underwent H-UPPP or H-UPPP with TAP surgery for their sleep disorder. After surgical treatment, the patients were evaluated by PSG.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 128 patients included were all male, the mean age of these patients was (39.6±8.5) years, ranged from 19 to 66 years. Seventy-seven patients were successfully treated and 51 did not respond to surgical treatment. The overall apnea hypopnea index (AHI) improved from (58.2±22.4) times/h preoperatively to (20.6±18.1) times/h postoperatively (t=14.9, P<0.001). The vertical distance from inferior margin of hyoid to the inferior mandibular margin (D-HM) was the only parameter that had a significant difference between responders [(14.6±7.7)mm] and non-responders [(19.4±8.0)mm] (t=3.452, P=0.001). D-HM, AHI and the lowest blood oxygen saturation were significant predictors of surgical outcomes (P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between the D-HM and the postoperative AHI (r=0.284, P=0.001). The D-HM of ≥23 mm could predict the postoperative AHI of >10 times/h a specificity of 95.2%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The D-HM is a negative predictor of surgical outcomes, patients with a D-HM of ≥23 mm are inappropriate candidates for velopharyngeal surgery.</p>

Resolvin-D1 inhibits interleukin-8 and hydrogen peroxide production induced by cigarette smoke extract in 16HBE cells via attenuating NF-κB activation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Cigarette smoke induced airway inflammation plays a role in pathogenesis of airway inflammation. Resolvin-D1 derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is an endogenous anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator. Resolvin-D1 ameliorated inflammatory responses in lung injury, asthma, peritonitis and atherosclerosis. We investigated whether resolvin-D1 suppressed the productions of chemokines and oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in vitro and its possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We examined the proinflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) productions induced by CSE in 16 human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells after resolvin-D1 treatment and their mechanisms. 16HBE cells were treated with resolvin-D1 at up to 10 nmol/L, for 30 minutes before CSE up to 16% (v/v) exposure. Release of interlukin-8 proteins was assessed by enzyme linked immunosort assay (ELISA) and its mRNA level by RT-PCR. We evaluated extracellular H2O2 expression in the supernatant. Phosphorylation of NF-κB/p65 and degradation of I-κB in 16HBE cells were determined by Western blotting analysis and NF-κB DNA binding activity by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>16HBE cells treated with 8% CSE showed significantly higher interlukin-8 production. Resolvin-D1 pretreatment inhibited CSE induced interlukin-8 production (mRNA and protein) in a dose and time dependent manner. Extracellular H2O2 level decreased after resolvin-D1 treatment. Resolvin-D1 attenuated CSE triggered I-κB degradation and NF-κB/p65 activation dose dependently and inhibited NF-κB DNA binding activity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Resolvin-D1 inhibits CSE induced interlukin-8 and H2O2 production in 16HBE cells by modulating NF-κB activation and has therapeutic potential for pulmonary inflammation.</p>