Cloning and gene functional analysis study of dynamin-related protein GeDRP1E gene in Gastrodia elata / 药学学报

The gene GeDRP1E encoding dynamin-related protein 1E in Gastrodia elata was cloned by specific primers which were designed based on the transcriptome data of G. elata. Bioinformatics analysis on GeDRP1E gene was carried out by using ExPASy, ClustalW, MEGA, etc. Positive transgenic Arabidopsis plant and potato minituber were obtained with the genetic transformation system of Arabidopsis and potato. The plant height and seed setting rate of transgenic Arabidopsis, and agronomic characters, such as size, weight and starch content of potato minituber of transgenic potato were tested and analyzed. And GeDRP1E gene function was preliminarily investigated. The results showed that the open reading frame of GeDRP1E gene was 1 899 bp in length and 632 amino acids residues were encoded, with a relative molecular weight of 69.90 kDa and a molecular formula of C3079H4973N883O933S19. It was predicted that the theoretical isoelectric point was 7.27, the instability coefficient was 43.34, and the average hydrophilicity index was -0.259, which was indicative of an unstable hydrophilic protein. GeDRP1E has no transmembrane structure and signal peptide, and was localized in the cytoplasm. The phylogenetic tree showed that GeDRP1E was highly homologous with DRP1E proteins of other plant species, among which GeDRP1E had the highest homology with DcDRP1E (XP_020689662.1) in Dendrobium candidum, reaching 90.05%. GeDRP1E plant expression vector pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDRP1E was constructed by double digests, and Arabidopsis complementary mutant and potato overexpression strain of GeDRP1E gene were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation. Compared with the Arabidopsis AtDRP1E mutant, the height and seed setting rate of the GeDRP1E complementation mutant were rescued. The minituber of GeDRP1E overexpression potato had larger size, heavier weight and higher starch content, comparing to wild-type potato. It was preliminarily induced that GeDRP1E was involved in mitochondrial morphology regulation, which related to the growth and development of Arabidopsis plants and potato miniature. The research results laid a foundation for further elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the growth and development of G. elata tuber development.

Cloning and gene function of dicarboxylate-tricarboxylate carrier protein in Gastrodia elata / 中国中药杂志

The gene GeDTC encoding the dicarboxylate-tricarboxylate carrier protein in Gastrodia elata was cloned by specific primers which were designed based on the transcriptome data of G. elata. Bioinformatics analysis on GeDTC gene was carried out by using ExPASY, ClustalW, MEGA, etc. Positive transgenic plants and potato minituber were obtained by virtue of the potato genetic transformation system. Agronomic characters, such as size, weight, organic acid content, and starch content, of potato minituber were tested and analyzed and GeDTC gene function was preliminarily investigated. The results showed that the open reading frame of GeDTC gene was 981 bp in length and 326 amino acid residues were encoded, with a relative molecular weight of 35.01 kDa. It was predicted that the theoretical isoelectric point of GeDTC protein was 9.83, the instability coefficient was 27.88, and the average index of hydrophilicity was 0.104, which was indicative of a stable hydrophilic protein. GeDTC protein had a transmembrane structure and no signal peptide and was located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. The phylogenetic tree showed that GeDTC was highly homologous with DTC proteins of other plant species, among which GeDTC had the highest homology with DcDTC(XP＿020675804.1) in Dendrobium candidum, reaching 85.89%. GeDTC overexpression vector pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDTC was constructed by double digests, and transgenic potato plants were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation. Compared with the wild-type plants, transgenic potato minituber harvested by transplanting had smaller size, lighter weight, lower organic acid content, and no significant difference in starch content. It is preliminarily induced that GeDTC is the efflux channel of tricarboxylate and related to the tuber development, which lays a foundation for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of G. elata tuber development.

Patient factors influencing preoperative expectations of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expectations of patients for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to analyze its influencing factors.@*METHODS@#Experimental design: Single center, retrospective, multiple regression analysis. The data including the age, height, and weight of 108 patients undergoing unilateral TKA due to end-stage osteoarthritis were obtained. The patients' preoperative Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee arthroplasty expectation score, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score, Knee Society score (KSS), the MOS 36-item short-from health survey (SF-36) score, and visual analogue scale (VAS) were evaluated, and the 30-second chair-stand test (30-CST), 40-meter fast-paced walk test (40-FPWT), 12-level stair-climb test (12-SCT), 3-meter timed up-and-go test (TUG), 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), and recorded daily steps for 7 consecutive days were performed. The SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The observed values of various data were described. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between various parameters, and the multi-factor linear regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of the patients preoperative expectation scores.@*RESULTS@#The average expectation score of this group of patients was 58.98±5.44. In the Pearson correlation analysis, the patient's preoperative expectation had a weak correlation to the result of the patient's 12-SCT, TUG, 6-MWT, KSS function score, and SF-36 mental component score (correlation coefficient 0.1-0.3). The patient's preoperative expectation had a moderate correlation to the patient's daily average steps, 30-CST, 40-FPWT, KSS, WOMAC and its pain, stiffness, function scores, SF-36 physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, vitality, and physical component score (correlation coefficient 0.3-0.6). In the multivariate linear regression analysis, only the results of 30-CST and the role-physical, bodily pain and vitality in the SF-36 scale were related to the patient's expectation score (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The estimated expectation score of patients before TKA is not high. Patients with more severe preoperative pain, worse physical function, and lower overall health are more eager to improve after surgery. Thus surgeons must communicate fully with patients with unrealistic expectations before surgery in order to obtain more satisfactory results postoperatively.

Modified Banxia Baizhu Tianmatang Combined with Acupuncture for Migraine (Wind-phlegm Upset Syndrome) Observe / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe theclinical efficacy of modified Banxia Baizhu Tianmatang combined with acupuncture on migraine with wind phlegm disturbance syndrome， and the regulatory effect on neurovasoactive peptide and vascular endothelial activator. Method:Two hundred and fifty patients were randomly divided into control group （75 cases） and observation group （75 cases）. Patients in Two group got acupuncture for 6 times， 1 time/day， after a day of rest， they got placebogranules of Banxia Baizhu Tianmatang， 10 g/time， 2 times/day. Patients in observation group got Banxia Baizhu Tianmatang， 1 dose/day， and also the same acupuncture with the therapyof control group. And the treatment lasted for 4 weeks. At the half， 1^st， 2^nd， 6^th， 12^th， 24^th， and 48^th hour after treatment， VAS were scored， rate of pain relief within 6， 12， and 24 hours， disappearance rate and recurrence rate of pain within 72 hours， migraine attack times， headache duration and headache degree before 4 weeks of treatment， during the treatment and after the treatment were recorded. Before and after treatment， accompanying symptoms， wind phlegm disturbance syndrome， headache impact test version-6 （HIT-6） and the migraine disability assessment questionnaire （MIDAS） were scored. And levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP）， nitric oxide （NO）， endothelin-1 （ET-1）， pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide （PACAP）， S100B protein， substance P（SP）， von Willebrand factor （vWF） and fibrinogen （FIB） were detected. And safety was evaluated. Result:VAS in two groups decreased at different time points （<italic>P<</italic>0.01）， and VAS in observation group at 6^th， 12^th， 24^thand 48^th hour after treatment were lower than those in control group （<italic>P<</italic>0.01）. The rate of pain relief in observation group at 6^th and 12^th hours after treatment and the disappearance rate of pain at 72^th hour were 67.14%（47/70）， 87.14% （61/70） and 92.86% （65/70）， which were higher than 50.00% （34/68）， 70.59% （48/68） and 79.41% （54/68） in control group. The recurrence rate of pain in observation group was 21.43% （15/70）， which was lower than 39.71% （27/68） in control group （<italic>P<</italic>0.05）. During the treatment and drug withdrawal， times of migraine attack， headache duration and headache degree were all less than those in control group （<italic>P<</italic>0.01）. Scores of accompanying symptoms， wind phlegm disturbance syndrome， HIT-6 and MIDAS were all lower than those in control group （<italic>P<</italic>0.01）. The clinical effect was better than that in control group （<italic>Z</italic>=2.106， <italic>P<</italic>0.05）. Levels of CGRP， PACAP， S100B protein， SP， ET-1， vWF and FIB were lower than those in control group， while level of NO was higher than control group （<italic>P<</italic>0.01）. Conclusion:Modified Banxia Baizhu Tianmatang combined with acupuncture had a better instant analgesic effect， with a significant effect on continuing analgesia and reducing headache recurrence. It can also alleviate migraine symptoms and accompanying symptoms， andreduce the impact of migraine on daily life and the degree of disability. Its mechanism may be related to the regulation of neurovasoactive peptides and vascular endothelial substances. It is worth for further study.

Study on the mechanism of circular permuted tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand reversing the resistance to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia cells / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To explore the mechanism of circular permuted tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (CPT) reversing the resistance to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells.Methods:Five patients with CML in the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from 2016 to 2020 were selected, and heparinized bone marrow blood samples were collected at the first diagnosis and imatinib resistance phase, and mononuclear cells were isolated. The mononuclear cells collected at the first diagnosis were named A1-E1, and the mononuclear cells collected after imatinib resistance were named A2-E2. Human CML wild-type K562 cell line (K562-W) was given gradually increasing small doses of low-concentration imatinib to obtain imatinib-resistant K562 cells (K562-R). K562-R cells were cultured with 20 μg/L CPT and these cells were set as CPT-K562-R group. The CCK-8 method was used to detect the half inhibitory concentration ( IC50) of cells for imatinib. K562-W and K562-R cells were used to establish CML xenografts nude mice models, then the nude mice were divided into K562-W, K562-R and CPT-K562-R xenograft groups. Imatinib was perfused orally in all three groups, and CPT was injected subcutaneously in the CPT-K562-R group at the same time. The tumor volume of the three groups of nude mice before and 4 weeks after treatment with imatinib, and the survival time of the three groups of nude mice were compared. Western blot was used to detect the changes of tyrosine protein kinase receptor B4 (EphB4) and myeloid cell leukemia protein 1 (Mcl-1) protein levels in bone marrow mononuclear cells, K562 cell line and transplanted tumor tissues of CML patients. Results:The expressions of EphB4 protein in A2-E2 cells of 5 patients with CML were higher than those in A1-E1 cells (all P < 0.01). The IC50 of K562-W, K562-R and CPT-K562-R cells for imatinib were (0.160±0.015) mg/L, (5.450±0.460) mg/L, (0.300±0.035) mg/L, and the difference was statistically significant ( F = 390.65, P < 0.01). In cells of K562-W group, EphB4 and Mcl-1 proteins were expressed at low levels (0.54±0.02 and 0.70±0.08); in cells of K562-R group, the expressions of EphB4 and Mcl-1 proteins were enhanced (3.04±0.11 and 2.88±0.04); in cells of CPT-K562-R group, the expressions of EphB4 and Mcl-1 proteins decreased (0.57±0.03 and 0.38±0.04). Before imatinib treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the tumor volumes of nude mice among the K562-W, K562-R and CPT-K562-R xenograft groups ( F = 0.39, P = 0.68), suggesting the transplanted tumors formed in nude mice were balanced; after imatinib treatment, the difference in the tumor volumes among the three groups were statistically significant ( F = 26.16, P < 0.01). The survival time of nude mice in the K562-W, K562-R and CPT-K562-R xenograft groups was (18.5±3.3) d, (10.0±2.4) d and (17.5±1.6) d, and the difference was statistically significant ( F = 20.45, P < 0.01). In K562-W xenograft group, both EphB4 and Mcl-1 proteins were expressed at low levels (0.55±0.06 and 0.67±0.06); in K562-R xenograft group, the expressions of EphB4 and Mcl-1 proteins were enhanced (1.95±0.08 and 6.21±0.53); the expressions of EphB4 and Mcl-1 in CPT-K562-R xenograft group decreased (0.59±0.04 and 0.37±0.04) and were close to their expressions in K562-W xenograft group. Conclusion:CPT may enhance the sensitivity of CML to imatinib by inhibiting the expressions of EphB4 and Mcl-1, and this may be a targeted pathway for imatinib therapy.

Characterization of a rare HLA-C*08:84 allele and analysis of its 3-D molecular structure / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To verify a rare allele of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and analyze its inheritance and 3D molecular structure.@*METHODS@#PCR-sequence-based typing, PCR-single strand oligonucleotide polymorphism and single allele-specific sequencing were carried out to characterize the rare HLA-C allele and its transmission in the family. Its protein structure was modeled by using SWISS-MODEL, Phyre2 and FATCAT software.@*RESULTS@#Analysis indicated that the rare allele (HLA-C*08:84) has transmitted from the proband's mother and has differed from HLA-C*08:01 by a single base (g.512G>C), resulting in substitution of an amino acid (p.Trp147Ser). Modeling of the 3D structure of the encoded protein indicated that the amino acid residue variation is located at the alpha 2 helix, which participates the formation of pocket F. Modeling of the structures of C*08:84, C*08:01, C*08:02, C*08:03 and C*08:22 has suggested significant variation in the peptide binding regions of the backbone, with root mean square errors being 1.70 nm, 1.79 nm, 0.71 nm and 1.70 nm, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#A rare HLA-C*08:84 allele has been identified, and its clinical significance has been analyzed.

Investigation and analysis of clinical blood supply in Xi′an / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the development and changes of blood use in various hospitals through statistical analysis of clinical blood use data in Xi′an, so as to provide basis for the decision making of blood banks to formulate and adjust the blood donation recruitment, collection, preparation and supply plan. 【Methods】 The clinical blood supply data of Shaanxi Blood Center from 2015 to 2019 were collected, and statistical analysis was conducted in terms of red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and cryoprecipitate. 【Results】 The blood supply in Xi′an showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2019, and the blood supply in 2019 was the highest in history(737 852 U). Both tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals had shown an increasing trend in blood consumption, and the average consumption of red blood cells and plasma per person in operation kept decreasing year by year. The consumption of red blood cells in municipal hospitals and private hospitals had increased greatly, and the average consumption of red blood cells per person in operation had shown a downward trend. The amount of platelet use in all kinds of hospitals increased significantly. The proportion of platelet supply in the total annual blood supply kept increasing year by year. The ratio of platelet consumption to red blood cells consumption (hereinafter referred to as platelet-to-red blood cells ratio) in tertiary hospitals was higher than that in secondary hospitals. The platelet-to-red blood cells ratio of all kinds of hospitals had increased year by year. 【Conclusion】 The increase in the number of clinical diagnosis and treatment is the main reason for the increasing demand for clinical blood supply year by year. On this basis, the government and blood banks can predict the clinical blood demand and adjust the plan of blood donation in time. There is still much room for improvement in the annual platelet collection in Xi′an. Hospitals with higher levels of clinical disciplines have relatively high plate-to-blood ratios.The ratio of plasma to red blood cells consumption in tertiary hospitals is abnormal, there might be unreasonable use of blood.

Clinical Observation of Zhiwei Pills for Gastritis Caused by Helicobacter Pylori with Syndrome of Stagnation in Liver and Stomach Qi / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To evaluate theclinical efficacy of Zhiwei pills combined with Hperadication programme for gastritis with liver and stomach Qi stagnation syndrome caused by helicobacter pylori (Hp) and to investigate its effect on antioxidant stress. Method::One hundred and sixty patients were randomly divided into control group (80 cases) and observation group (80 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group gotHperadication programme, and esomeprazole magnesium enteric-coated tablets, 20 mg/time, 1 time/day. Bismuth potassium citrate tablets, 0.3 g/time, 2 times/days. Amoxicillin capsules, 1.0 g/time, 2 times/days. Furazolidone tablets, 0.1 g/time, 2 times/days, all for 14 days. Based on the treatment in control group, the patients in observation group additionally got Zhiwei pills, 6 g/time, 3 times/day. The course of treatment was 8 weeks in both groups. After treatment, eradication of Hp was detected. Before and after treatment, scores of liver and stomach Qi stagnation syndrome were graded. After treatment, patients received gastroscopy and pathological review, and patient report outcome indicators (PRO) both before and after treatment were discussed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-8, oxidative dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected both before and after treatment. Result::Negative conversion rate of Hp was(70/75) 93.33% in observation group, higher than(58/71) 81.69% in control group (P<0.05). In the analysis of rank sum test, effect of traditional Chinese medical(TCM) syndrome in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=2.183, P<0.05), and clinical efficacy was also better than that in control group (Z=2.175, P<0.05). Scores of liver and stomach Qi stagnation syndrome and total PRO score in observation group were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 and MDA were lower than those in control group (P<0.01), while levels of SOD and GSH-Px were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion::Zhiwei pills combined with Hperadication programme can improve the eradication rate of Hp, alleviate clinical symptoms, improve the quality of life of patients, inhibit inflammatory reaction and anti-oxidative stress, and improve the curative effect and clinical efficacy of TCM syndromes in the treatment of gastritis with liver and stomach Qi stagnation syndrome, so it is worth for further study and use.

Short-term outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of Tönnis grade 3 hip osteoarthritis in patients with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#Severe hip osteoarthritis, caused by bone or joint maldevelopment, biomechanical transformation and previous surgical intervention, is inclusively existed in spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED). To investigate and discuss the short-term efficacy and possible effects of total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of Tönnis grade 3 hip osteoarthritis in patients with SED.@*METHODS@#From January 2017 to June 2019, 374 patients with hip osteoarthritis were involved for total hip arthroplasty conducted by senior professional surgeons, of whom 9 patients (6 males and 3 females) with 12 hip osteoarthritis secondary to the SED met the inclusive and exclusive criteria and received the above-mentioned hip operation. The short-term outcomes were observed.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were implanted with Johnson & Johnson ceramic on ceramic cementless hip prostheses within the arthroplasty. They were followed up for an average period of 20 months. Except for one muscular calf vein thrombosis case, no complications, such as aseptic loosening, joint dislocation, fracture, neurovascular injury, deep vein thrombosis and infection were observed in all the 9 patients. Before the surgery, the average Harris hip score was 35.55, while the average of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) was 56.56. The level of quality of life indicated by SF-12 score was 41.56 on average. The mean pre-operation visual analogue scale (VAS) was 7.44. At the last follow-up, the average Harris hip score increased to 89.56, whereas the average WOMAC declined to 41.11. Compared with the baseline point, the average SF-12 score went up to 56.33. Dramatic drop of the mean VAS value to 2.67 was also observed at the last follow-up. In addition, post-operative increase of several pelvic-related parameters including pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and sacral slope could be observed in the SED patients. The average measured pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and sacral slope were 68.95°±4.60°, 52.75°±1.06° and 17.45°±1.77° before operation, respectively; whilst the mean value of these specific parameters increased to 76.98°±5.12°, 60.51°±4.35° and 18.10°±2.02°, respectively. The even leg lengths of the lower extremities were obtained after total hip arthroplasty.@*CONCLUSION@#Total hip arthroplasty is satisfactory in the short-term pain relieve and function recovery for the management of Tönnis grade 3 hip osteoarthritis secondary to the SED.

Assessment of hypoglycemic status among hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the hypoglycemic characteristics of hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January, 2014 to December, 2015, the data of 58 565 blood measurements using a standard blood glucose monitoring system (BGMS) were collected from 1187 cases of patients with type 2 diabetes during hospitalization in the Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong General Hospital (Guangzhou, China). Stratified analyses were conducted by dividing the patients into 3 age groups, namely <45 years group (128 cases), 45-64 years group (594 cases), and ≥65 years group (465 cases). The incidence and time distribution of hypoglycemia in these patients were compared among the 3 age groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The risk of hypoglycemia increased with age. Compared with those below 45 years of age, the patients beyond or equal to 65 years had a significantly increased hypoglycemic density (0.95% vs 0.40%, P<0.001), a higher proportion of patients with hypoglycemia (28.17% vs 10.94%, P<0.001), and greater patient-days with hypoglycemia (4.48% vs 1.76%, P<0.001). In the elderly patients, hypoglycemia occurred most frequently before dawn, at which time the hypoglycemic density was 2.66% in patients ≥65 years of age, significantly higher than that in patients below 45 years (1.09%, P<0.05) and between 45 and 64 years (1.90%, P<0.05); the proportion of patients with hypoglycemia was also significantly higher in the elderly patients (14.57%) than in those below 45 years (3.77%, P<0.02) and between 45 and 64 years (9.42%, P<0.02). The proportion of patients with recurrent hypoglycemia (≥2 times) was significantly higher in patients ≥65 years (13.33%) than in younger patients (2.34% in <45 years group and 9.43% in 45-64 years group, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The hypoglycemic risk in hospitalized elderly patients with T2DM is significantly higher than that in younger patients, especially before dawn and in terms of recurrent hypoglycemia. Clinicians should develop differential blood glucose monitoring and management strategies for these elderly patients to improve the clinical safety.</p>

Clinical Study on the Specificities of Needling Manipulation in Point-toward-point Needling at Scalp Acupoints for Acute Stroke / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the efficacy difference between different needling manipulations in treating acute stroke with point-toward-point needling at scalp acupoints, for seeking the optimal treatment protocol. Method Ninety patients with acute stroke were randomized into a manual needling group, an electroacupuncture group, and a needle-retaining group, 30 cases each. In addition to the neurological treatment, the three groups were all given point-toward-point needling from Baihui (GV20) to Taiyang (EX-HN5) on the affected side, respectively with manual twisting, electroacupuncture and needle retaining methods. Before and after 14-day treatment, the Neurological Deficit Score (NDS), level of neuron specific enolase (NSE) and total efficacy were compared among the three groups. Result The NDS dropped significantly in the three groups after the intervention (P<0.05); the manual needling group showed the most significant improvement, better than the electroacupuncture group and needle retaining group. The level of NSE declined significantly in the three groups after the intervention (P<0.05); the decrease in the manual needling group was the most significant compared to that in the electroacupuncture group and needle retaining group. The total effective rate in the manual needling group (90.0%) was significantly higher than that in the electroacupuncture group and needle retaining group (P<0.05). Conclusion Point-toward-point needling at scalp acupoints with manual operation can effectively improve the neurological deficit in stroke patients, and the application of needling manipulations can further enhance the therapeutic efficacy, which is specific.

Epidemiologic characteristics and antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genotypes of Salmonella from food animals / 中国人兽共患病学报

To study the transmission of Salmonella and resistance genes,116 Salmonella isolates were tested the sero types,antimicrobial susceptibility,resistant genes on SG1 including β-1actamase genes,and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).Results showed that Salmonella isolates from the chicken belonged to ST11 clone,S.enteritidis,and ST17 clone,S.indiana,and from the pig belonged to ST40,S.derby mostly.ST11 clone showed multidrug-resistant (MDR),resistance to ampicillin,nalidixic acid,tetracycline,and cefoperazone,mostly.ST17 clone showed resistance to nine or more kinds of antibiotics including cephalosporins and fluouoquinolones,a super-MDR clone.ST11 clone carried bla TEM-l-like highly,whereas blaOXA-1-like,blaCTX-M,blaTEM-1-like,and floR,aadA2,sul1,and aac (6')-1b were highly carried in ST17 clone,a new super-MDR clone.The antibiotic abuse and misuse in food supply chains were the main origin of MDR and super-MDR Salmonella,which were transmitted by the chains.It is significance that the control of substance abuse,especially cephalosporins and fluouoquinolones,in food supply chains.

Biomechanical analysis of micro-implant anchorage in the infrazygomatic crest for the distal displacement of the upper dentition at different heights / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: In orthodontics, micro-implant anchorage in the infrazygomatic crest that cannot damage the tooth root can achieve an unobstructed overall movement of the upper dentition. However, little is reported on the stress and strain of the tooth and alveolar bone during the distal movement of the upper dentition. OBJECTIVE: To set up a three-dimensional finite element model to perform a biomechanical analysis of micro-implant anchorage in the infrazygomatic crest for the distal displacement of the upper dentition at different heights. METHODS: Cone-beam CT data from a female patient admitted for orthodontic treatment was saved in Dicom format, and imported into Mimics 16.01 software. Then, a three-dimensional model of the right maxilla and tooth dentition was made by automatically and manually selecting boundaries. The model was imported into Geomagic8.0 for removal of noise dots and smooth processing, and then it was imported into the Mimics16.01 software and meshed for the surface/body through 3 Matics software. Afterwards, three-dimensional models maxillary denture, archwires and traction hooks and implants were established by ProE5.0, and all the models were imported into ANSYS13.0 and assembled and analyzed for stress and strain analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We successfully established the three-dimensional finite element model for biomechanical analysis of micro-implant anchorage in the infrazygomatic crest for the distal displacement of the upper dentition at different heights, and this model conformed to the anatomic features. With the increase of the height of traction hooks (1, 4, 7, 10 mm), the vertical stress of the maxillary teeth increased gradually, and had no correlation with the change of the horizontal stress. With the increase of the height of traction hooks, at the sagittal axis, the strain at midpoints of middle incisors, canine teeth, and first molars decreased gradually and the strain at the root of middle incisors and canine teeth also decreased gradually, but there was no change in the strain at the root of first molars. With the increase of the height of traction hooks, at the vertical axis, the strain at the midpoints and tooth root of middle incisors increased, while the strain of canine crown increased gradually and that of the canine root decreased; the strain at the midpoint of first molars changed a little, and the strain of the tooth root decreased gradually. The dentition rotated from clockwise to counterclockwise. To conclude, the three-dimensional finite element model made in the study is consistent with the anatomic structure, which provides a basis for biomechanical analysis of micro-implant anchorage in the infrazygomatic crest for the distal displacement of the upper dentition. The upper dentition impedance center located in the position of 4 to 7 mm of the arch wire can be used as the microimplant support site in the infrazygomatic crest.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a clinical trial / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a kind of chronic bone and joint disease which seriously endangers human health. Cell therapy for OA has aroused widespread concern and gotten rapid development in recent years. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have the advantages of easy amplification and differentiation, anti-inflammation and recruiting function such as MSCs from other sources. Furthermore, UC-MSCs are young cells that have large quantity, no ethical problems, high proliferative potential and pluripotent differentiation. UC-MSCs have been the most commonly used seed cells in clinical cell therapy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of UC-MSCs in the treatment of human knee OA to provide theoretical and clinical basis for stem cell therapy of OA. METHODS: The trail will be completed in Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Beijing, China. Participants will be recruited according to established inclusion/exclusion criteria after obtaining the informed consent and the approval of the Ethics Committee (the first and second parts of the trial have been registered (https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/), with the identifier No. NCT03357770 and NCT03358654, and the third part will be carried out according to the conclusion of the first and second parts). The clinical trial will be divided into three parts: in the first part three groups will be recruited. Each group will contain three participants. The three groups of participants will be treated with high, medium and low dose of MSCs, respectively. Participants will be followed up to evaluate dose-limiting toxicity so as to determine the maximum tolerated dose. The second part will be a single-arm clinical trial. Nine participants will be recruited. The injection dose will be the maximum tolerated dose determined in the first part. Participants will be followed up to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the treatment. The third part will be a randomized controlled trial. Participants will be randomly divided into two groups (n=7 per group) and treated with MSCs and hyaluronic acid, respectively. During the trial, evaluators, participants and interveners will be unaware of grouping information and interventions. Participants will be followed up at designed time points after treatment to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the intervention. The trial will be terminated if there are unexplained local and systemic symptoms or death according to the NCI-CTCAE criteria. EXPECTED RESULTS: With reference to the previous literature, the knee pain will be relieved, the score of knee joint function will increase, and the cartilage defect area will decrease on MRI at 1-2 years after the intervention. The trail is expected to spend 3 years and 6 months.

Association of thrombelastogram with postoperative hemorrhage after total joint arthroplasty by structural equation modeling / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Postoperative anticoagulant therapy after hip and knee arthroplasties has been included in the perioperative management guidelines. However, the application of anticoagulant drugs accompanies with the risk of bleeding. Routine coagulation tests provide limited information about the quality of clots because they identify only the first stage of clotting, while thrombelastography provides a comprehensive assessment of coagulation function. But its practicality remains controversial and the research for bleeding after joint replacement is little reported. OBJECTIVE: To explore the distribution of thrombelastography parameters (time to initial fibrin formation, clotting time, α angle, and maximum amplitude) and to analyze the correlation of the four parameters with postoperative blood loss, thereby providing guidance for improving the safety and effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy. METHODS: Totally 148 patients with detection of thrombelastogram after arthroplasty from August 2015 to March 2017 in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled, including 76 cases of total hip arthroplasty and 72 cases of total knee arthroplasty. Thrombelastography data were collected on day 1 postoperatively, and the perioperative blood loss was calculated. Structural equation modeling of each group was constructed to investigate the relationship of four parameters and total blood loss. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the structural equation modeling of hip and knee arthroplasties, the root mean square error of approximation was less than 0.08, goodness-of-fit index, adjusted goodness-of-fit index, normed fit index and comparative fit index was all higher than 0.9, and Parsi-mony goodness-of-fit index was less than 2, so the theoretical model was matched with the data. (2) There was a correlation of postoperative hemorrhage with time to initial fibrin formation, clotting time, α angle, and maximum amplitude. (3) That is to say, thrombelastogram can be used as an efficient tool in predicting bleeding after hip and knee arthroplasties. Future study based on this research will further verify the correlation and provide more information for its clinical practice.

Sublingual Nodules: Diagnostic Markers of Metastatic Breast Cancer / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the diagnostic significance of sublingual nodules for metastasis of patients with breast cancer and further to explore the mechanisms of sublingual nodules.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The image data of 117 in-patients with breast cancer in stage I-IV in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from December 2009 to September 2011 were assessed retrospectively. All photos of patients' tongue were recorded by the digital camera of uniform type within 1 month after serological examination and regular re-examined by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography CT. The presence of sublingual nodules was the positive standard. Chi square test and two-independent-sample test were used to determine the diagnostic value between the status of sublingual nodules and Clinico-pathological characteristics. The optimal cut-off of uric acid (UA) level to diagnose sublingual nodules was determined by receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Breast cancer patients with sublingual nodules had a higher risk of recurrence and/or metastasis than patients without it (P<0.001). Sublingual nodules was significantly correlated with increased serum UA level (P=0.001). The optimal cut-off value of UA level to diagnose sublingual nodules was 290 μmol/L. Furthermore, the elevated serum UA level (≥290 μmol/L) was significantly related to breast cancer recurrence and/or metastasis (P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sublingual nodules were potential diagnostic markers for metastatic breast cancer. The formation of sublingual nodules was associated with elevated level of serum UA.</p>

First Report in China on the Identification and Drug Sensitivity of Mycobacterium elephantis Isolated from the Milk of a Cow with Mastitis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, milk from a cow with mastitis was analyzed to determine the presence of mycobacterial infection. Milk quality and security problems pertaining to the safe consumption of dairy products were also discussed in this study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Milk was preprocessed with 4% NaOH. Then, mycobacteria were isolated from the milk sample on L-J medium. The isolate was identified using multiple loci Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and multi-locus sequence analysis with 16S rRNA, sodA, hsp65, and ITS genes. The drug sensitivity of the isolate to 27 antibiotics was tested through alamar blue assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Smooth, moist, pale yellow colonies appeared on the L-J medium within a week after inoculation. Based on the results of multiple loci PCR analysis, the isolate was preliminarily identified as non-tuberculous mycobacteria. The 16S rRNA, SodA, hsp65, and ITS gene sequences of the isolate exhibited 99%, 99%, 99%, and 100% similarities, respectively, with those of the published reference strains of Mycobacterium elephantis (M. elephantis). The drug sensitivity results showed that the strain is resistant to isoniazid, p-aminosalicylic acid, and trimesulf but is sensitive to ofloxacin, rifampicin, amikacin, capreomycin, moxifloxacin, kanamycin, levofloxacin, cycloserine, ethambutol, streptomycin, tobramycin, rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, linezolid, cefoxitin, clarithromycin, and minocycline.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>To the best of our knowledge, this study is initially to report the isolation of M. elephantis from the milk of a cow with mastitis in China.</p>

Research hotspots in mental health of China between 2007 to 2016:Based on bibliometrics and word frequency analysis of Chinese Mental Health Journal / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the developmental trends and research hotspots in mental health through Bibliometrics and word frequency analysis of Chinese Mental Health Journal.Methods:Bibliographic Item Co-Occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB) was used to analyze funds,authors,authors'institutions and key words of articles in Chinese Mental Health Journal between 2007 and 2016.SPSS22.0 was used to conduct multidimensional scaling analysis for high frequency key words.Results:A total of 2075 articles were published by Chinese Mental Health Journal in recent ten years.Forty-nine high frequency key words were extracted.Multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the articles of the journal involved four fields.Core key words of the first field were quality of life and depression.Research on the key words of the first field was at the center of mental health research of the journal.Core key words of the second field were self-esteem and mental health;core key words of the third field were subjective well-being and suicide;core key words of the fourth field were influential factors and executive function.Researches on the key words of the second to fourth field were around the center of mental health research of the journal.Researches such as the aged were on the edge of mental health research of the journal.Conclusion:Recent ten years' researches in Chinese Mental Health Journal reflect diversity in research topics.Topics such as quality of life and depression attract more attention,but researches on topics such as mental health of the aged are relatively weak.

Effects of bromodomain containing protein 4 specific inhibitor JQ-1 on human hypertropic scar / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To investigate effect and the possible molecular mechanism of JQ1,a specific inhibitor of bromodomain containing protein 4,on human hypertropic scar.Methods·Primary fibroblasts were isolated from human hypertrophic scars and treated with JQ-1 of different concentrations (0.1,0.5,1.0,2.0,2.5,and 12.5μmol/L) for 48 h.Then CCK-8 kit and wound healing assay were used to measure proliferation and migration of the fibroblasts.ELISA was adopted to detect the levels of collagen type Ⅰ (COL Ⅰ) and TGF-β1 after JQ-1 treatment for 24 h.Thirty-six nude mice were used for hypertrophic scar models.Human hypertrophic scars (1.0 cm× 1.0 cm×0.5 cm) were grafted subcutaneously at the backs of nude mice to establish scar animal models.After 4 weeks,the nude mice were averagely divided into two groups,i.e.JQ-1 group and DMSO group,which were respectively injected with 0.5 μmol/L JQ-1 and 0.1％ DMSO each mouse every day.COL Ⅰ / Ⅲ and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were examined by immunohistochemical method and sirius red staining.Results·Cell experiments showed that JQ-1 with the concentration of 0.5 μmol/L and above significantly inhibited proliferation of fibroblasts (P＜0.01).JQ-1 inhibited migration of fibroblast (P＜0.01).JQ-1 inhibited secretion of COL Ⅰ and TGF-β1 of fibroblasts (P＜0.01).Animal experiments showed that concentration and proportion of COL Ⅰ / Ⅲ in JQ-1 group decreased compared to DMSO group (P＜0.05).α-SMA protein expression in JQ-1 group also decreased (P＜0.05).Conclusion·JQ-1 can inhibit proliferation,migration,secretion of COL Ⅰ,and production of TGF-β1 of human sear fibroblasts in vitro;it can also inhibit secretion of COL Ⅰ /Ⅲ and fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation in the human hypertrophic scars in nude mice.

Effect of a novel chitosan-silver nitrate gel dressing on anti-septic and wound healing / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To investigate the effects of a novel chitosan-silver nitrate gel (CSNG) dressing on anti-septic in wound healing.Methods·By using the ion membrane,the release rate of the new composite materials of silver ion was tested in vitro.Meanwhile,the anti-septic effects of CSNG on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA),Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were tested by colony counting.The rat wound healing model was used to detect the ability of new material to kill MRSA in vivo.Results·Compared with control group,the release of silver ions of CSNG was much slower.Sterilization experiment showed that CSNG killed the MRSA,Escherichia coli and Candida albicans much more efficiently,compared to that in the other treatments.Animal experiments also showed that CSNG promoted the rats of wound healing.Conclusion·Combining chitosan with silver nitrate and supplementary material could develop a novel chitosan-silver nitrate gel material,which not only has the obvious effects on antibacterial,but also on promoting wound healing.