Service demand and capacity of HIV prevention of mother-to-child transmission in Guangdong / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To analyze the service demand and capacity for preventing mother-to-child transmission(MTCT) of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Guangdong, as well as to find the weakness in the work. Methods The relevant data of service demands and intervention capacity of human acquired immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected maternal and their babies from 2014 to 2017 was collected, and SPSS 21.0 software was employed to analyze the differences among the pearl river delta area, western area, mountainous area and eastern area, and to explore the correlation between regional midwifery institutions or personnel numbers and the rate of HIV MTCT. Results The education of HIV-infected maternal wasn’t high, generally, mainly in middle school (54.49%). The service demand of HIV-infected maternal was different in each area. The ethnic minorities outside the pearl river delta region (12.96%) and non-local living maternal in mountainous area (43.75%) were high. The proportion of maternal in the eastern area who didn’t know the route of HIV infection was also high (77.78%). The service capacity varies in each area, and the proportion (mountainous area: 41.67%, eastern area: 44.44%) of the confirmation time in intrapartum /postpartum was high among those from the mountains and eastern areas, which lead to poor intervention (the proportions of starting to antiretroviral treatment time later than 36 weeks or untreated in mountainous and eastern areas were 43.75% and 55.56%, respectively), as well as a high proportion of untreated maternal and exposed-infant (mountainous area: 2.08%, eastern area: 33.33%), and a higher percentage (11.11%) of breastfeeding in eastern area. There was no significant correlation between the number of midwifery institutions or healthcare personnel and the rate of HIV MTCT in different regions. Conclusions The mountainous and eastern areas are the weak of HIV MTCT in Guangdong Province, and later detection, less-standard intervention, and lower quality of information management are the weak steps in those areas. Targeted measures should be urgently developed to strengthen the training of the key areas to eliminate the regional differences of service capacity, which is essential to achieve the elimination of HIV MTCT in Guangdong.

Observations on the Efficacy of Heat-sensitive Point Medicinal Moxibustion plus Percutaneous Administration of Tetrandrine in Treating Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniation / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of heat-sensitive point medicinal moxibustion plus percutaneous administration of tetrandrine in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were randomized to treatment and control groups, 60 cases each. The treatment group received heat-sensitive point medicinal moxibustion plus percutaneous administration of tetrandrine and the control group, heat-sensitive point medicinal moxibustion alone. The VAS score and the JOA Score for Back Pain score were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the JOA Score for Back Pain score and the VAS score in the two groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the JOA Score for Back Pain score and the VAS score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.01). The excellent and good rate was 80.0％ in the treatment group and 55.0％ in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Heat-sensitive point medicinal moxibustion plus percutaneous administration of tetrandrine is an effective way to treat lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.

Risk factors of breast cancer in women in Guangdong and the countermeasures / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen high-risk population of breast cancer by analyzing the risk factors of breast cancer in Guangdong Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was performed to identify the risk factors of breast cancer between premenopausal women and postmenopausal women. Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression were used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In premenopausal women, prophylactic, family history of breast cancer, bad mood, bad life incidence and work load were the risk factors, and breast hyperplasia history, breast tissue examination history, regular exercise and sleeping without bra were the protective factors. In postmenopausal women, family history of breast cancer was the risk factor, and breast hyperplasia history and mood adjustment were the protective factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The risk and protective factors of breast cancer differ between premenopausal and postmenopausal women, which highlights the importance of using different risk models to screen the high-risk populations.</p>

Study on the changes of incidence rates on birth defects through hospital based surveillance program in Guangdong province during 1997-2007 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the tendency of hospital based surveillance incidence rates of birth defects in Guangdong province to provide reference evidence for related intervention program. Methods Data from hospital based birth defects surveillance of Guangdong province during 1997-2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The overall surveillance rates of birth defects in Guangdong province showed an increasing trend form 98.9 per 10 000 birth in 1997 to 244.2 per 10 000 birth in 2007. Among the frequently seen birth defects, the rate of congenital heart diseases increased sharply, but the rates of congenital talipes equinovarus, polydactyly, cleft lip with/without cleft palate showed a slight increasing trend.It seemed that there was a significant difference between different maternal age interval and gender of the infants. Mother's illness, drug use, and exposure to environment harmful factors in early pregnancy stage, high maternal age, negative bearing history were the suspect risk factors for birth defects. Conclusion The increasing trend of surveillance rate of birth defects seemed to be comprehensively affected by the factors as: method being adopted, target and extension of birth defects surveillance, technology used for diagnosis, kinds of risk factor,and quality control on surveillance programs.