Significance of TERT promoter mutation in differential diagnosis of non-invasive inverted urothelial lesions of bladder / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the gene mutation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter in inverted urothelial lesions of the bladder and its significance in differential diagnosis. Methods: From March 2016 to February 2022, a total of 32 patients with inverted urothelial lesions diagnosed in Department of Pathology at Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital and 24 patients at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were collected, including 7 cases of florid glandular cystitis, 13 cases of inverted urothelial papilloma, 8 cases of inverted urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential, 17 cases of low-grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma, 5 cases of high-grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma, and 6 cases of nested subtype of urothelial carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed for their clinical data and histopathological features. TERT promoter mutations were analyzed by Sanger sequencing in all the cases. Results: No mutations in the TERT promoter were found in the florid glandular cystitis and inverted urothelial papilloma. The mutation rates of the TERT promoter in inverted urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential, low grade non-invasive inverter urothelial carcinoma, high grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma and nested subtype urothelial carcinoma were 1/8, 8/17, 2/5 and 6/6, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mutation rate of TERT promoter among inverted urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential, low-grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma, and high-grade non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma (P>0.05). All 6 cases of nested subtype of urothelial carcinoma were found to harbor the mutation, which was significantly different from inverted urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential and non-invasive inverted urothelial carcinoma (P<0.05). In terms of mutation pattern, 13/17 of TERT promoter mutations were C228T, 4/17 were C250T. Conclusions: The morphology combined with TERT promoter mutation detection is helpful for the differential diagnosis of bladder non-invasive inverted urothelial lesions.

Pelvic MRI combined with TRUS-guided transperineal template mapping biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To assess the clinical value and safety of pelvic MRI combined with transurethral ultrasound (TRUS)-guided transperineal template mapping biopsy (TTMB) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.@*METHODS@#A total of 164 men underwent MRI plus TRUS-guided TTMB for the diagnosis of prostate cancer from December 2015 to May 2018. The patients averaged 71.2 years of age and, based on the PSA level, were divided into four groups: PSA 100 μg/L (n = 27). All the patients received digital rectal examination, pelvic MRI and TRUS-guided X+12-core TTMB.@*RESULTS@#The procedures of TRUS-guided TTMB were successfully completed in all the patients, with an average number of 14.2 (14－16) cores and mean operation time of 18 (15－28) minutes. Post-biopsy complications included transient hematuria in 4 cases, perineal hematoma in 12 and fever in 1, but no acute urinary retention. Pathological results revealed 95 cases of prostate cancer, 2 cases of ductal epithelial carcinoma, 63 cases of prostatic hyperplasia with benign interstitial inflammation, and 4 cases of atypical prostatic hyperplasia. The positive biopsy rates in the PSA 100 μg/L groups were 25.00%, 42.86%, 73.58% and 100.00% respectively, with statistically significant difference between the PSA 100 μg/L groups (P < 0.01), but not between the PSA <10 μg/L and PSA 10－20 μg/L groups (P = 0.086).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Pelvic MRI combined with TRUS-guided X+12-core TTMB, with the advantages of high accuracy and low rate of complications, is an ideal approach to the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Susceptibility to prostate cancer in Han Chinese: single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of 1 667 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Prostate cancer (PCa) has the highest incidence among male malignancies in Western industrialized countries and, as a most common malignant disease in urology, its incidence has been increasing in recent years in Chinese men. This study was to investigate the risk loci associated with PCa susceptibility in Han Chinese by analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We collected peripheral blood samples from 1 667 PCa patients and 1 525 healthy men, and detected 40 loci associated with PCa susceptibility by analyzing SNPs using Sequenom technology.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 40 known loci, 16 were confirmed to be significantly associated with PCa susceptibility (P < 0.05). The loci 1, 2 and 5 at 8q24, 10q11 and 22q13.2 also contributed to PCa susceptibility in different ethnic groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PCa susceptibility is obviously associated with the risk loci rs1465618, rs721048, rs12621278, rs7679673, rs12653946, rs339331, rs1512268, rs10086908, rs16901979, rs1447295, rs10993994, rs10896449, rs902774, rs9600079, rs11649743 and rs5759167 in Chinese Han population.</p>

Study on growth law of Glycyrrhiza uralensis under different planting density / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis under different planting density for providing theoretic evidence for reasonable planting density.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The field experiment was designed by single factor randomized block.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The plant height, root diameter, main root length and branches of main stem were all decreased with increasing planting density of G. uralensis. Meanwhile, dry matter accumulation on root, leaf, aerial part and rhizome were all decreased with increasing planting density.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Two hundred and seventy thousand plants/hm2 was feasible planting density.</p>