Clinical analysis of primary lung tumors in 56 children / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestation, pathological type, treatment and prognosis of primary lung tumors in children. Methods: We collected and retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestation, pathological type, therapeutic method and prognosis of 56 primary lung tumors patients who diagnosed from 2009 to 2019 in Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center. Results: There were 56 patients identified as the primary lung tumors, including pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB, n=28), pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor(IMT, n=20), mucoepidermoid carcinoma(n=6), infantile hemangioma (n=1), pulmonary sclerosing hermangioma(n=1). Respiratory symptoms were the most manifestation at the time of diagnosis including 26 patients with cough, 3 with hemoptysis, and 17 with dyspnea. Others included 15 with fever, 3 with chest pain, and 2 with epigastiric pain. The primary tumor of 18 cases were located in the lower lobe of left lung, 11 cases in the lower lobe of right lung, 10 cases in the upper lobe of left lung, 7 cases in the upper lobe of right lung, 6 cases in the middle lobe of right lung, and 4 cases in pulmonary hilum. Among the 56 patients, 41 patients underwent thoracotomy, 13 thoracoscopy, and 2 fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Five patients with type Ⅰ PPB were still alive at the end of follow-up without chemotherapy. Among 5 patients with type Ⅱ PPB, 2 patients without chemotherapy died after recurrence, 3 patients suffered postoperative chemotherapy were still alive at the end of follow-up. All of the 18 patients with type Ⅲ PPB underwent postoperative chemotherapy with IVADo regimen. Recurrence occurred in 6 cases, distant metastasis occurred in 3 cases, and cancer-related deaths occurred in 8 cases. For 20 patients with IMT, recurrence occurred in 5 of 13 patients experienced wedge resection, 1 of 6 patients experienced lobectomy and 1 of 6 underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy, respectively. For 6 mucoepidermoid carcinoma patients, lobectomy was carried on 5 patients, wedge resection on 1 patient, all of them were still alive at the end of follow-up. One hermangioma patient underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy and other 1 sclerosing hermangioma patient underwent wedge resection, both of them were still alive at the end of follow-up. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of the primary lung tumors in children are nonspecific. Complete resection and achieving negative marginattribute to the excellent outcome. Adjunctive treatment such as chemotherapy is necessary for patients with type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ PPB.

Advance in the study of compounds with potential activities in promotion of adult hippocampal neurogenesis / 药学学报

With the increasing size of aging population all over the world, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease has reached to the highest level in many developed countries. However, the etiology of Alzheimer's disease remains largely unknown especially in the biological mechanism. Up to now, it is still a challenge that the disease can't be controlled by the approved clinical medicines. As a result, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to prevent and cure Alzheimer's disease. The hippocampus area is associated with learning, memory, cognitive regulation in the central nervous system, which is closely related to Alzheimer's disease. Adult neurogenesis in hippocampal area allows new neuronal cells to emerge in the central nervous system. The brain's plasticity is achieved in some sense. This review focuses on the progress in the study of variety of compounds in promotion of neurogenesis in adult hippocampal area in recent years. The potential of these compounds may shed a light on postponing the occurring of Alzheimer's disease or even curing it.

Nonlinear dynamics of electroencephalography study in schizophrenic patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Few characteristic changes of linear electroencephalograph (EEG) have been reported in schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in temporal-spatial dimensional properties of EEG under different cognitive tasks in patients with schizophrenia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EEG was recorded by using EEG-1518K system and mapping system (Nihon Kohden Tomioka Corporation, Japan) in 45 schizophrenic patients and 47 healthy adults (normal control, NC) under five states: eyes closed, eyes open, mental arithmetic test with eyes closed, memory test with eyes open, and number cancellation test. Correlation dimension (D2) and point-wise correlation dimension (PD2) were calculated for all EEG analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) There were no significant differences of D2 and PD2 between NC and schizophrenic patients under states of eyes open and closed. (2) Compared with NC, schizophrenic patients showed decreased performance of D2 in mental arithmetic test with eyes closed and number cancellation test (mental arithmetic test with eyes closed: Nc 5.9 ± 0.6, Sch 3.0 ± 0.8; number cancellation test: Nc 6.0 ± 0.6, Sch 4.4 ± 0.7; P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (3) Schizophrenic patients also showed decrease performance of PD2 in mental arithmetic test with eyes closed, memory test with eyes open, and number cancellation test (mental arithmetic test with eyes closed: Nc 6.9 ± 0.7, Sch 4.0 ± 0.8; memory test with eyes open: Nc 6.6 ± 0.8, Sch 5.0 ± 0.9; number cancellation test: Nc 7.1 ± 0.7, Sch 4.8 ± 0.9; P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Nonlinear dynamic analysis provided a new approach in clinical investigation of EEG signals. It was helpful to further understand the cerebral mechanism in schizophrenic cognitive process.</p>

Review on domestic published papers regarding the acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its relations with rabies vaccination / 中华流行病学杂志

To explore whether the case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) who had been inoculated with rabies vaccination reported in domestic literatures were related to the vaccination.Data on 1368 cases of ADEM (from 99 papers) were collected by computer from the Chinese Journal Full-text Database in CNKI and Wanfang database with the key words of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis/rabies vaccination/abnormal reaction in preventive vaccination during 1995 and 2011.All the cases were divided into the two queues according to the situation of rabies vaccination.Cohort study was used to analyze the relations between ADEM and vaccination.The incidence of ADEM,standardized by age that having received immunization with rabies vaccine,was 9.41/1 million person year,higher than 0.29/1 million person year (u=428.35,P＜0.01) among those who had not.Among people who had been inoculated,the adjusted RR value of cause ADEM was 31.05 (95％ CI:26.33-36.62).RR values increased along with the times of rabies vaccine injection.Correlation was seen between inoculated rabies vaccine and ADEM.

Preliminary study on gastric tube esophagoplasty for corrosive strictures of the esophagus in children / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical value of gastric tube esophagoplasty for complicated corrosive stricture of the esophagus in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was performed to study 7 patients with complicated corrosive stricture of the esophagus who were treated with gastric tube esophagoplasty via retrosternal route between March 2010 and October 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three patients had a stricture longer than 2.5 cm, and 4 patients had more than one stricture. All the operations went well. The average time for mechanical ventilation postoperatively was 6 hours. No patients showed insufficient ventilation after withdraw of ventilator. There was 1 patient developed anastomotic leak which was healed a week later. One patient had anastomotic leak with pyloric obstruction, and the leak was healed 3 weeks after intraoperative placement of duodenal feeding tube and pyloric obstruction became patent 4 weeks later. There were 2 patients developed anastomotic stricture and they resumed normal diet after balloon dilatation. The average follow-up duration was 10.5 months. The quality of life was improved and no other complications were found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gastric tube esophagoplasty is a effective alternative for complicated corrosive stricture of the esophagus and the short-term outcomes are favorable.</p>

Study on the immunization coverage and effects of hepatitis B vaccine in the 20-59 years-old population in Guangzhou city / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the immunization coverage and immune effects of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) among people who were immunized later than at birth in Guangzhou city. Methods A multistage randomized cluster sampling was used and the subjects were at age 20 to 59 years old,from the families of twelve districts in Guangzhou. Cross sectional analysis was carried out. Every study subject' s HepB immunization history and main risk were investigated through questionnaire.Venous blood samples were collected and then tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs by means of ELISA.The immunization coverage rate of HepB, prevalence rates of HBsAg and anti-HBs among every age group were valuated by sampling weights. The protective efficacy of the people with immunization of HepB was assessed by case-control study. Results The overall immunization rate of HepB was 24.71% (95%CI: 20.86%-28.56%)in the 20-59 age group. HBsAg prevalence rate was 14.91% (95% CI: 12.73%-17.08% ), and 8.52% in vaccinated group while 18.15% in the non-vaccinated group. Results from case-control study showed that HepB had good protective efficacy to HBV in people of 20-59 years old. The protective rate of HepB against HBV was 62.6%. Conclusion Vaccinating HepB on people after the neonatal period also non-nowbom could provide good immune effect to HBV.

Evaluation of live attenuated S79 mumps vaccine effectiveness in mumps outbreaks: a matched case-control study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Mumps virus infection is a potentially serious viral infection of childhood and early adulthood. In China, live attenuated S(79) mumps vaccine has been licensed for pediatric use since 1990. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of live attenuated S(79) mumps vaccine against clinical mumps in outbreaks.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cases were selected from mumps outbreaks in schools in Guangzhou between 2004 and 2005. Each case was matched by gender, age and classroom. Vaccination information was obtained from Children's EPI Administrative Computerized System. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated for 1 or 2 doses of S(79) vaccine with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and ninety-four cases and 194 controls were enrolled into the study. VE of the S(79) mumps vaccine for 1 dose versus 0 confer protection 80.4% (95% CI, 60.0%-90.4%) and VEs against mumps in outbreaks for 1 dose of mumps vaccine are similar among those children aged 4-9 years and aged over 10 years old.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The live attenuated S(79) mumps vaccine can be effective in preventing clinical mumps outbreaks.</p>

Changes of P_(300) and Mismatch Negativity in the Treatment of First Episode Depression / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To study P300 of the first episode depression and mismatch negativity(MMN) changes after antidepressant treatment. Methods Sixty-four patients with first episode depression were evaluated by HAMD 17, and P300 and MMN tests were performed at the baseline and week 12. The cognitive potentials were compared with those of control group(N=36). Results Compared with the control group, depressive patients had longer latency of P300 and MMN,lower amplitude of P300 and MMN before treatment (P