Changes of outer retinal thickness with increasing age in normal eyes / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM: To comprehensively investigate the relationship between outer retinal layer thickness and age in normal eyes. ·METHODS: One hundred normal eyes of 100 subjects who underwent spectral - domain optical coherence tomography ( SD - OCT ) were included in this retrospective study. The distances between the external limiting membrane ( ELM ) line and the photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment ( IS/OS ) line ( ELM-IS/OS), the IS/OS line and the cone outer segment tips (COST) line ( IS/OS-COST), the COST line and the retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE) complex ( COST-RPE) and the full retinal thickness ( RT) were measured at the fovea and on four quarters. The relationship between thickness and age or sex was then analysed. ·RESULTS: A thinner RT was observed in women in a multiple regression analysis ( men: 234. 47 ± 16. 79 μ m;women: 223. 13±15. 43 μ m). The RT on the nasal quarter and the ELM-IS/OS thickness at the fovea and on the four quarters were significantly and negatively correlated with age. The IS/OS-COST and COST-RPE thicknesses at the fovea and on the four quarters were not significantly correlated with age or sex, respectively. The RT at the fovea was significantly thinner than on the four quarters. The ELM - IS/OS, IS/OS - COST and COST - RPE thicknesses at the fovea were significantly thicker than on the four quarters. ·CONCLUSION: In normal eyes, the RT thickness on the nasal quarter and the ELM - IS/OS thickness were significantly and negatively correlated with age. The IS/OS - COST and COST - RPE thicknesses were not significantly correlated with age or sex.

Research progress on hypoglycemic effect and its mechanism of action of medicinal fungal polysaccharides / 中国中药杂志

Due to substantial morbidity and high complications, diabetes mellitus is considered as the third "killer" in the world. Medicinal fungal polysaccharides, as water-soluble macromolecular substances with low toxicity, exhibit diversified pharmacological actions such as immune regulation, anti-tumor, antivirus, antioxidant, anti-aging, hypoglycemic effect and improving liver and kidney function. In recent year, a number of investigators reported medicinal fungal polysaccharides showed good anti-diabetes and hypoglycemic activity, and their acting mechanisms involved in glycometabolism and β cell function, e. g. promoting glycogen synthesis, promoting glycolysis, inhibiting the activity of α-glucosidase, promoting insulin secretion, increasing insulin sensitivity, enhancing antioxidation. Therefore, the hypoglycemic activity and its mechanisms of action of medicinal fungal polysaccharides showed characteristics of multiple effects, multi-target, and multi-pathway regulation. These finding suggest that medicinal fungal polysaccharides are a promising source for the development of discovery of anti-diabetic agent.

Advance and prospect of studies on bioactivity and mechanism of Cordyceps fungi / 中国中药杂志

Cordyceps is a precious medical fungi resource, with diverse metabolites and bioactive. There is huge prospect for its applicaiton in functional food and biomedicine fields. Cordyceps has abundant species resources, particularly Cordyceps sinensis is one of three most precious traditional Chinese restoratives in China. The essay summarizes the latest studies on bioactivity and mechanism of Cordyceps and its metabolites, and analyzes problems during R&D of the resources, in order to bring forth new ideas to future development.

Current studies and prospect of anti-thrombotic effect of Cordyceps fungi / 中国中药杂志

Cordyceps is an entomogenous fungi developed after being infected by insects or arthropods. Many varieties of entomogenous fungus show a huge application prospect in functional food and biological medicine fields. Among them, famous herb C. sinensis is their most excellent representative, and mainly used to replenish kidneys and moisten lungs, treating fatigue, night sweating, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, renal failure and so on. Currently, as a medicinal resource, C. sinensis has aroused attention from the world. In the past 20 years, many studies found that Cordyceps fungi show the anti-thrombotic effect, as well as a good potential for becoming a patent medicine. This article summarizes studies on Cordyceps fungi's effects in reducing blood viscosity and resisting platelet aggregation and anticoagulant, so as to provide thought for developing and utilizing these resources as anti-thrombotic medicines.

Acute leukemia child with ocular Kaposi's sarcoma after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report and literatures review / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize clinical features of eye Kaposis' sarcoma ( KS ) in leukemia child after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One 13 years-old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and negative HIV test who developed KS restricted in right conjunctiva, cornea and sclera after successful allogeneic PBSCT was reviewed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The child suffered from T cell type ALL. He received immunosuppressive treatment after PBSCT, and had once extensive herpes zoster restricted in skin. Seven months after PBSCT, he had blurred vision with right eye and slowly neoplasm formed in cornea and conjunctiva. Pathological examination confirmed KS with changes like capillary hemangioma, atypical fusiform cell, typical immunochemistry and positive immunofluorescent result of HHV8. He received excision of lump of cornea, conjunctiva, sclera and transplantation of cornea and sclera. Antiviral therapy was given together with anti-infection, prevention of cornea rejection and biotherapy. He kept right eye and hand-move eyesight, survived without GVHD or recurrence of ALL and KS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This was the first ocular KS case in ALL child after PBSCT, without correlation with HIV infection. Complete excision combined with biotherapy was safe and effective for single ocular lesions.</p>

Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and phenotypes of lymphocyte subpopulations in human placenta / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study whether human placenta contains hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), and analyze phenotypes of lymphocyte subpopulations in the placenta.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nucleated cells from fresh human placenta were analyzed for phenotypes of HSPCs and lymphocyte subpopulations by flow cytometry (FCM). And CD(34)(+) cells were sorted from human placenta nucleated cells by FCM or MiniMACS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) CD(34)(+) cells, CD(34)(+)/CD(38)(+) cells, and CD(34)(+)/CD(38)(-) cells from a human placenta were 8.8, 4.6 and 11.9 times higher than those from umbilical cord blood (UCB), respectively. (2) The yields and purity of CD(34)(+) cells isolated from human placenta by FCM sorting system were (63.05 +/- 10.14)% and (86.39 +/- 11.27)%, respectively. (3) Lymphocytes, T cells (CD(3)(+)/CD(2)(+)), B cells (CD(19)(+)), Th cells (CD(3)(+), CD(4)(+)), and Th/Ts ratio in the placenta tissue were apparently lower than those in the UCB, while the CD(8)(+)/CD(28)(-) T suppressor cells were higher in the placenta than in the UCB.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Human placenta is rich in HSPCs, and has important hematopoietic function in ontogeny. It is probable that human placenta would be graft resource for HSPCs transplantation. CD(8)(+)/CD(28)(-) T suppressor cells might play an important role in feto-maternal immunologic tolerance.</p>

Optimization of Technique Conditions for Decolorization and Extract of Exopolysaccharide by Cordyceps jiangxiensis / 微生物学通报

The technique conditions of decolonization of fermentation broth were successively optimized using single factor assay and orthogonal layout method in Cordyceps jiangxiensis. The optimal condition of decolorization was investigated to be 3g/100mL active carbon, 5 min absorption time, pH5 of fermented broth and 25℃absorption temperature. Under the optimal condition, the maximum decolorization rate of fermented broth reached 89. 6% , simultaneously 10. 7% consuming rate of exopolysaccahride was minimum. Subsequently, the extract condition of exopolysaccharide of C. jiangxiensis was further optimized by orthogonal layout design. The maximum exopolysaccharide production was 0. 38 g/L under the optimal condition, i. e. firstly fermented filtrate decolorized and deproteined was concentrated to 1/7 of its total volume, secondly concentration broth was mixed with four times its volume of absolute ethanol and stirred vigorously, lastly precipitation of exopolysaccharide proceeded at 4℃for 16 hrs and the exopolysaccharide collected by centrifugal ion and dryness.