Construction of Post Competency Evaluation Index System for Drug Registration Specialist / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To esta blish a sc ientific and objective post competency evaluation index system for the drug registration specialist. METHODS ：By searching the competency model literature of drug registration and registration related documents，combined with Spencer ’s Competency Dictionary and Hay ’s Competency Dictionary ，post competency evaluation index system for drug registration specialist was formulated preliminarily. Through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation ，experts in related fields of drug registration were consulted by letter ，the evaluation indexes were screnned and revised ，and the weight of the indexes was calculated by using the superior order diagram method. Based on questionnaire survey ，232 drug registration personnel were selected as research objects ，and then exploratory factor analysis ，confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability analysis were used to test the constructed evaluation index system. RESULTS ：The post competency evaluation system of drug registration specialist covered 4 core dimensions （registered professional ability ，relationship management ability ，professional development ability ，personal comprehensive quality ），11 sub-scales，and 41 measurement items ；the weight of the index was confirmed. The establishment process of the evaluation system showed that the expert consultation had high enthusiasm and good coordination；exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis had proved the scientific rationality of the index system. CONCLUSIONS：The post competency evaluation index system for drug registration specialist is comprehensive ，integrated and scientific，can provide reference for evaluation and management of the drug registration specialist practice.

Celecoxib down-regulates Apaf-1 protein expression for promoting learning and mem craniocerebral traumaory function recovery after in rats / 重庆医学

Objective To study the effect of celecoxib on learning and memory function,cyclooxygenase(COX-2) and the apoptotic protease-activating factor-1(Apaf-1) protein expression after traumatic brain injury in rat.Methods A total of 72 adult male Wistar rats were equally and randomly divided into the normal control group,sham operation group,trauma group and Celecoxib treatment group.Postoperative 72 h-reperfusion was performed for taking brain specimens.The immunohistochemical method and Western blot were used to respectively detect COX-2 and Apaf-1 protein expression change;the Morris water maze test was adopted to detect the learning and memory function on preoperative 5 d and at postoperative 72 h.Results The COX-2 and Apaf-1 protein expression in the trauma group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P＜0.05),and the protein expression in the treatment group and trauma group was decreased,but still higher than that in the sham operation group and normal group(P＜ 0.05);in the Morris water maze test,the prolongation of escape latency time in the trauma group was maximal among 4 groups (P ＜0.05),but the treatment group had a shorter time compared with the trauma group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Craniocerebral trauma can cause different degrees of learning and memory dysfunction,and COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib can downregulate the expression of COX-2 and Apaf-1 protein,inhibit inflammation reaction and cellular apoptosis,and improve the learning and memory dysfunction after traumatic brain injury.

Effects of celecoxib on expression of caspase-9 and motor function after craniocerebral injury / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of celecoxib on cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and caspase-9 expression and motor function after traumatic brain injury in rats.Methods The rats were divided into control group, sham operation group, trauma group and treatment group.The model of closed craniocerebral trauma was established by Marmarou method, the gene expression of COX-2 and Caspase-9 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR), the protein expressions of COX-2 and Caspase-9 were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and the motor function of the rats was evaluated by the neurological impairment score(NSS).Results The gene and protein expression of COX-2 and Caspase-9 in traumatic group was significantly higher than in other three groups (P<0.05), the expression of COX-2 and Caspase-9 in treatment group was significantly lower than in traumatic group(P<0.05), but still higher than the sham operation group and the normal group(P<0.05);compared with the trauma group, the motor function of the treatment group could be effectively improve (P<0.05), but compared with the control group and the sham operation group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Celecoxib can reduce the inflammatory response after craniocerebral injury by specific inhibition of COX-2, and further reduce the expression of Caspase-9, thereby reducing the apoptosis of nerve cells, and improving motor function after traumatic brain injury in rats.

Effects of celecoxib on expression of protein Apaf-1 and function of mobility after severe craniocerebral injury in rats / 天津医药

Objective To investigate effects of celecoxib on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), apoptotic protease activation factor-1 (Apaf-1) and function of mobility in rat model of severe craniocerebral trauma. Methods For?ty-eight adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided by random number table into four groups. Normal group was given no manipulation. Sham group was given scalp incision and sutured. The severe closed craniocerebral injury model was estab?lished via Foda method in rats of injury group. Treatment group was given intraperitoneal injection of celecoxib [ 250 mg/(kg·6 h)] on the basis of injury group. The intraperitoneal injection of same volume of normal saline was given in the other three groups. Samples were taken altogether after 72 hours. Changes of COX-2 and Apaf-1 were detected by immunohistochemis?try and Western blot assay. Ten days after the restoration, six rats were taken from each group for assessing neurological im?pairment scale (NSS). Results The expression levels of COX-2 and Apaf-1 were significantly higher in injury group than those of other groups. The expression levels of COX-2 and Apaf-1 were significantly lower in treatment group than those of injury group but the levels were significantly higher than those of sham group and normal group (P < 0.05). NSS scores showed that rats in treatment group improved mobility compared with that of injury group (P<0.05), but there was difference compared with Sham group and control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Celecoxib, with its specific inhibitoty effect on pro?tein COX-2, can effectively reduce inflammatory reactions lower the expression of Apaf-1 and reduce apoptosis of neurons, improving the prognosis of dysfunction of mobility after craniocerebral injury.

3-dimentional CT reconstruction in the diagnosis of upper urinary tract obstructive diseases (report of 37 cases) / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To study the diagnostic value of 3 dimentional CT reconstruction in upper urinary tract obstructive diseases. Methods 37 patients with upper urinary tract obstructive diseases underwent thin slice helical CT scan and 3 dimentional reconstruction of the urinary tract as well as 3 dimentional CT angiography when needed. Results All the cases have been definitely diagnosed including ureteral carcinoma in 8, bladder carcinoma in 2, ureteral calculi in 9, benign ureteral stricture in 7, congenital malformation in 7 and pelvic tumor in 4.All the patients except those with pelvic tumors underwent surgical intervention and the diagnosis were confirmed.The operative findings were in concord with the helical CT results. Conclusions 3 dimentional CT reconstruction of the urinary tract can provide distinct urinary tract images and helps determining the site and the cause of the obstruction. Compared with other methods, the procedure has the advantages of high resolution, rapid imaging and low invasiveness. It might become the most valuable means of detecting upper urinary tract diseases.