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Objective@#To explore the expression of FAT1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues, and its effect on cell proliferation.@*Methods@#The expression levels of FAT1 protein in human ESCC tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Lentivirus based knockdown of FAT1 was carried out in YSE2 and Colo680N cell lines and 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays was performed to examine the effect of FAT1 on the proliferation of these ESCC cells. Colony formation assay was used to detect the colony formation ability. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle and apoptosis. The expression levels of cell cycle markers in FAT1 knock out ESCC cell lines were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) and Western blot.@*Results@#The relative expression of FAT1 in ESCC tissues was 66.97±21.53, significantly lower than 78.13±16.76 of adjacent normal tissues(P<0.05). Knockdown of FAT1 promoted cell proliferation and colony formation. In YSE2 cell, the division time in negative control (NC) group was (1 570±51) min, significantly longer than (1 356±31) min in shFAT1 group. In Colo680N cell, division time in NC group was (1 532±53) min, significantly longer than (1 290±30) min in shFAT1 group (P<0.05). Knockdown of FAT1 promoted G1-to S-phase transition and resulted in the upregulation of CDK4/CDK6/CCND1.@*Conclusion@#FAT1 inhibits the proliferation and G1-to S-phase transition of ESCC cells through regulating the protein expression of CDK4/CDK6/CCND1 complex.
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Objective@#To explore the effect of c-fos on multidrug resistance of laryngeal cancer TU177 cells.@*Method@#Increasing drug concentration gradient is adopted to establish the stability of the laryngeal cancer drug resistance in cell line; RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect difference of the c-fos between TU177 and TU177/VCR cells; plasmids with human c-fos knockdown or over expression were transfected into TU177/VCR and TU177 cells respectively, and the effects of different treatment on cell proliferation were investigated with MTT.@*Results@#The drug resistance of TU177/VCR cells was 26.25-fold in vincristine (VCR), 7.33-fold in Paclitaxel (TAX), 2.41 in cisplatin (DDP), and 5.50 in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), comparing with TU177( P<0.05). The TU177/VCR cells had significantly higher c-fos expression compared to TU177 cells( P<0.05). The results showed that the IC50 values of 5-FU for the NC group and c-fos shRNA group were (306.2±6.3)μmol/L and (81.3±3.9)μmol/L, respectively, which was decreased by 73% in the c-fos shRNA group compared to that in the NC group (P<0.05). Similarly, the results showed that the IC50 values for 5-FU were (55.3±9.4) μmol/L in NC group and (288.1±7.3)μmol/L in c-fos WT group, which was increased 5.21-fold in c-fos WT cells.@*Conclusion@#C-fos plays important role in multidrug resistance of larynx cancer cell TU177/VCR, and might become a new molecular target for laryngeal cancer treatment.
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Objective: To investigate the absorption and transepithelial transport characteristics of scutellarin and scutellarein in the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell (Caco-2) monolayer model. The influence factors on these two compounds' absorption were investigated, such as buffer solution, duration of culture, and inhibitors of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP(2)), breast cancer drug resistance protein (BCRP) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Methods: By using Caco-2 monolayer as an intestinal epithelial cell model, the transport process was studied from apical (AP) side to basolateral (BL) side or from BL to AP. The two compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array-detector detection. Transport parameters and apparent permeability coeffients (P(app)) were calculated. Results: The P(app) values of scutellarin and scutellarein were different in two buffer solutions, respectively. In phosphate buffered saline, scutellarin had no absorption from AP to BL, while its P(app) value was 0.74×10(-6) to 1.58×10(-6) cm/s from BL to AP. The P(app) values of scutellarein were 4.33×10(-6) to 6.79×10(-6) cm/s and 1.32×10(-6) to 2.56×10(-6) cm/s from AP to BL and from BL to AP, respectively. The P(app) value gradually decreased with time. The absorption of scutellarein was better than that of scutellarin. The scutellarin absorption was improved by verapamil, MK-571 and reserpine. The scutellarein absorption was improved by verapamil whereas its excretion was improved by MK-571. Conclusion: Absorption of scutellarin is difficult in Caco-2 monolayer cells, which contributes to its low bioavailability. Scutellarein absorption is better than scutellarin absorption. Scutellarein transepithelial transport is passive diffusion. The inhibitor of P-gp can improve scutellarin and scutellarein transportation. The inhibitors of MRP(2) and BCRP can promote transportation of scutellarin. The inhibitor of MRP(2) can promote efflux of scutellarein. The multidrug resistance-associated protein may be the second reason for low bioavailability of scutellarin.
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Objective: To study a new method of alveolar cleft bone grafting. Methods: Group A: 62 cases (74 sides) alveolar cleft patients were transplanted with self-ilium spongy bone. Group B: 26 cases (30 sides) alveolar process patients used autologous ilium combined with DDM. Anterior occlusal radiographs and panoramic oral radiogram were taken before and after the operation to observe if there was new bone formation in the bone grafting area. According to Bergland grade criterion, analyzed the X-ray results after 3 months of the operation. Results: Group A: 17cases(17 sides) in class 1 group(23%), 17 cases(20 sides) in class 2 group(27%), 13 cases(14 sides) in class 3 group (19%), 15 case(23 sides) in class 4 group(31%). The overall survival rate of ABGR was 68.9%, and the clinical success rate was 50 %;Group B:16 cases(16 sides) in class 1 group(53.3%), 7 cases(8 sides) in class 2 group(26.7%), 2 cases(4 sides) in class 3 group (13.3%), 1 case(2 sides) in class 4 group(6.7%). The overall survival rate of ABGR was 93.3%, and the clinical success rate was 80%. Conclusion: Ilium spongy bone combined with DDM is good for alveolar process cleft bone grafting. It is better to use decalcified dentinal matrix of human than autologous ilium spongy bone.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effects on gastric secretion and anti-gastr ic ulcer action of sea buckthorn pulp oil(SBPO)in rats METHODS:The effects of SB PO on gastric secretion in rats were studied with pylorus ligation The anti-ga stric ulcer actions of SBPO was observed on the gastric ulcer models induced by water immersion stress,reserpine,pylorus ligation or acetic acid The analgesi c effect was tested by the hot-plate method and writhing method RESULTS:SBPO significantly inhibited the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin and promoted th e secretion of gastric mucus SBPO markedly protected the formation of gastric u lcer induced by water immersion stress,reserpine or pylorus ligation and promot ed the healing of acetic acid induced gastric ulcer SBPO significantly decrease d the number of twisting body in mice CONCLUSION:SBPO has anti-gastric ulcer effect The mechanisms of anti-gastric ulcer action might be its effects of inh ibition of the secretion of gastric juice,promotion of the secretion of gastric mucus and analgesic effect
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AIM: To investigate the effect of Changankang Capsule (Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Coptidis, Flos Lonicerae, etc.) on acute inflammation and immune function in mice. METHODS:Swelling ears induced dimethylbenzene and capillary vessel increase permeability induced by acetic acid, 2,4 diniitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) induced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was adoptedas mouse model. extent of swelling ears, lymphocyte proliferation and the Tumor necrosis factor ? and interleukin 1 ? in serum were observed. RESULTS:Changankang had significantly anti inflammation in mouse's acute inflammatory model and could inhibit swelling ears and lymphocyte proliferation, decreased the level of TNF ?, but made little iufluence on IL 1? change. CONCLUSION:Changankang Capsule has the effect on anti inflammation and inhibitory effect on the DTH. Its action mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the production of TNF ?.
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AIM: To study the action of Shugan Pills (SHGP) (Fructus Toosendan, Rhizoma corydalis, Radix Paloniae Albe, Radix Aucklandiae, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, Fructus Aurantii, etc.) on treatment of epigastralgia. METHODS: The analgesic effect was tested by the hot plate test and writhing method. The anti gastric ulcer action of SHGP was observed on the gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. The effect on gastric secretion in rats was studied with pylorus ligation. The effect on gastrointestinal motility was observed by determination of gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion ability in mouse. RESULTS: SHGP enhanced hot pain threhshold and decreased the number of twisting body in mouse. SHGP markedly inhibited gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. SHGP significantly inhibited the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin and promoted the secretion of gastric mucus. SHGP markedly delayed gastric emptying in normal mouse and when gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion was stimulated by neostigmine. SHGP faintly strengthed the effect of atropine on inhibition of gastrointestinal motility. CONCLUSION: Shugan Pills could have analgesic effect, anti gastric ulcer action, it inhibited the secrection of gastric juice and the activity of gastric smooth muscle. These effects might be the pharmacological mechanisms of SHGP on treatment of epigastralgia.
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AIM: To observe the effect of Chang'ankang Capsule (Radix Astragali, Rhizoma loptidis, Flos Lonicerae, etc.) on rat's colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and investigate its mechanism. METHODS: The rat's colitis was induced by TNBS and ethanol, one week later the rats were given the medicine for 14 days. The 21st day the mucosal damage index (CMDI) and histopathology (HP) of the colon were observed. Meanwhile the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), maiondiadehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) were detected. RESULTS: CMDI and HP, biochemistry in model rats showed that the models were successful. Chang'ankang groups significantly alleviated CMDI, HP, and improved the high level of MPO, NO and MDA, promoted the content of SOD, GSH-PX, CAT. CONCLUSION: Treatment with Chang'ankang shows beneficial effects on rat's ulcerative colitis by alleviating damage of free radical and NO and leukocyte.
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Objective: To compare anti-gastric ulcer action of sea buckthorn pulp oil(SBPO) with sea buckthorn seed oil(SBSO) and to explore its mechanism. Methods : The anti-gastric ulcer actions of SBPO and SBSO were observed and compared on the gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine, pylorus ligation and acetic acid. The effects on gastric secretion in rats were studied with pylorus ligation. The effects on gastric emptying were observed by methyl orange remaining rate in stomach of mouse. The analgesic effect was tested by the hot-plate method and writhing method. Results : SBPO and SBSO markedly inhibited gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and pylorus ligation and promoted the healing of the gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid. SBPO and SBSO significantly inhibited the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin and promoted the secretion of gastric mucous. SBPO and SBSO delayed gastric emptying in normal mouse. SBPO and SBSO significantly decreased the number of twisting body in mice. Conclusion : Both SBPO and SBSO could have anti-gastric ulcer effect with similar potency. The mechanism of anti-gastric ulcer might be their effect of inhibition of the secrection of gastric juice, promotion of the secrection of gastric mucous, inhibition of activity of gastric smooth muscle and analgetic effect.
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AIM:To explore the effect of Xiangshahewei Pill(Radix Aucklandiae,Rhizoma Cyperi,Fructus Amomi,etc.)on secretion in anorectic rat model induced by Fenfluramine.METHODS:Anorectic rat model was induced by Fenfluramine in dose of 15 mg/kg for 8 days.Xiangshahewei Pill was administered orally to the rats also for 8 days.The volume of gastric juice,total gastric acid,mucus,acidity of gastric acid and activity of pepsin of rats were measured.RESULTS:Xiangshahewei Pill could improve the turbulence of gastric secretion in anorectic rat induced by Fenfluramine.Xiangshahewei Pill in dose of 0.75 g/kg(P
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Objective To study the action of Shuganwan(SHGW) on experimental gastric ulcer in mice. Methods The anti-ga stric ulcer action of SHGW was observed on the gastric ulcer induced by water im mersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. The effect on gastric secr etion in rats was studied by pyloric ligation. The effect on gastrointestinal mo tility was observed by gastric emptying in mice. The analgesic effect was tested by the hot-plate test and writhing method. Results SHGW m arkedly inhibited gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. SHGW significantly inhibited the secretion of gastric a cid and pepsin and promoted the secretion of gastric mucus. SHGW markedly delaye d gastric emptying in normal mice and when gastric emptying was stimulated by ne ostigmine. SHGW mildly strengthend the effect of atropine on gastric emptying. S HGW enhanced hot pain threshold and decreased the number of twisting body in mic e. Conclusion Shuganwan may have anti-gastric ulcer ac tion. The mechanism of the action might be associated with its inhibition of the secretion of gastric juice, promotion of the secretion of gastric mucus,inhibit ion of activity of gastric smooth muscle and analgetic effect.
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Objective To study the protective action of Shuganwan on liver injury and its cholagogue action. Methods Acute liver injury was induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. The biochemical indexes and pathological changes were used for evaluation. The cholagogue action was studied by biliary drainage method. Results Compared with those of the CCl 4 control group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin levels of Shuganwan group declined significantly, and albumin/ globulin (A/G) inversion was obviously improved. The pathological changes revealed that liver injury was relieved. There was no change in bile secretion after administration of Shuganwan. Conclusion Shuganwan has protective action on acute liver injury by carbon tetrachloride, but no promotive action on bile secretion.