New advances in drug therapy of chronic hepatitis B infection / 中华临床感染病杂志

Nucleos( t) ide analogs and interferon are currently the main drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B; they can induce sustained virologic suppression of HBV DNA , but still can’t clear HBsAg effectively.With the further understanding of the biology and life cycle of HBV and the breakthrough of direct antiviral agent for HCV treatment , multiple new drugs aiming at ＂cure HBV＂and clear HBsAg are undergoing preclinical development and ／or clinical trials.This article reviews the latest advances in drug therapy of chronic hepatitis B infection.

Preparation of human pneumococcal reference serum BW09 and assignment of IgG antibody concen-trations for 24 serotypes / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To prepare human pneumococcal reference serum and assign IgG antibody concentrations for its 24 serotypes. Methods Fifty healthy male and non-pregnant female volunteers were vaccinated once with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Plasma samples were collected follow-ing immunization and used to prepare reference serum BW09. IgG antibody concentrations of BW09 against the capsular polysaccharides of 24 serotypes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22F, 23F, 33F) were assigned by WHO recommended standardized Pn PS ELISA using 09CS (supplied by Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co. , Ltd) as a reference se-rum. Finally, 09CS, two quality control sera and eight serum samples had concentrations reassigned for 24 pneumococcal serotypes using BW09 as the reference, and the results were compared with those using 09CS as the reference serum. Results Glycerol-contained human pneumococcal reference serum BW09 was pre-pared and the IgG antibody concentrations for its 24 serotypes were assigned. 09CS had concentrations reas-signed for 24 pneumococcal serotypes using BW09 as the reference, and the newly assigned concentrations were similar to the original values (with percentage error less than 10％ in all serotypes). IgG antibodies against capsular polysaccharides of 24 serotypes of two quality control sera and eight serum samples were as-signed by BW09 and 09CS, and the results showed a linear correlation. Conclusions The human pneumo-coccal reference serum BW09 was successfully prepared and IgG antibody concentrations for its 24 serotypes were accurately assigned.

Second victims of medical adverse events: research and enlightenment on current situation at home and abroad / 中华医院管理杂志

In medical adverse events, medical workers involved tend to become the second victims due to physical and mental injuries, next to the patient in question and his/her family. This article introduced second victim from the following perspectives of such victims: current situation and causes, traumatic experience, natural recovery process and supportive actions taken. These authors provided hospital management with suggestions on how to effective support such victims, in an effort to draw attention of the society to physical and mental health of the medical staff, and minimize injuries so incurred to such victims.

Etiological diagnosis and nursing strategies of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding using double-balloon enteroscopy / 现代临床护理

Objective To explore the etiological diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in patients undergoing double-balloon enteroscopy and summarize the nursing strategies.Methods Eighty-six patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding underwent double-balloon enteroscopy. Before operation,preparations of surgical stuff and bowel were conducted,during the operation,surgical cooperation was carefully performed and after the surgery and the patients were closely observed for prevention of complications.Results All the patients lived through the enteroscopy without any complications of perforation and bleeding. The positive detection rate was 83.7%.Conclusion Double-balloon enteroscopy is of great accuracy etiologically for the diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. The nursing measures including right evaluation of patients' condition,careful pre-operational, proficient surgical cooperation and close observation are of great significance for the success of double-balloon enteroscopy.

Optimization and application of dye real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction for detecting αβT lymphocyte clones in human peripheral blood / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To investigate the optimized parameters of dye (SYBR Green Ⅰ) realtime fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (RF-PCR) for detecting αβT lymphocyte clones in the peripheral blood and its application in monitoring specific T cell clone in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods The total RNA was extracted from the PBMC of six healthy donors, and was reversely transcripted into cDNA. Then the cDNA was amplified using RF-PCR with the primers specific for T cell receptor β viable region (TCRBV) gene families as upstream primers and the primer for T cell receptor (TCR) β constant region (TCRBC) as downstream primer. The annealing temperature,concentration of primers and the total number of cycles were comparatively analyzed. The optimized PCR was performed to investigate the 24 TCRBV gene families from 12 patients with CHB, and the PCR products were monitored by melting curve analysis, and the clone expansion of peripheral blood T cell was detected by peak-motif of melting curve analysis. Results The optimized annealing temperature, final premier concentration,the number of cycles were 60.6 ℃, 0.5 μmol/L and 40 cycles, respectively. The begin temperature for melting curve analysis was better as 80 ℃ compared to 75 ℃. There was mono-peak on melting peak chart for TCRBV gene families in PBMC from patients with CHB, and PCR products of the single peak were determined as monoclonal T cell by sequencing. Conclusions The optimized reaction parameters of RF-PCR for monitoring 24 TCRBV gene families are determined. The melting peak chart could be used to monitor the clone expansion of the peripheral lymphocytes and to detect the clone-specific T cells in the peripheral blood from patients with CHB.

Toxigenic Helicobacter pylori Infection among Adult Population in Futian District,Shenzhen:An Epidemiological Investigation / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To discuss the related factors of toxigenic Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection among adult population in Futian District,Shenzhen.METHODS A total of 1164 adults who had health examination in community centers were investigated through questionnaire and detected Hp antibodies.RESULTS The Hp and toxigenic Hp infection rates among them were 45.5% and 14.2%.Among them 46.3% and 14.8% were in males,and 44.7% and 13.4% in females.People less than 60 years old had higher incidence of Hp and toxigenic Hp,but decrease in people rnore than 60 years old.Hp and toxigenic Hp infection rate in married people were higher than those of unmarried.In workers,farmers and doctors were higher than staff and other occupations.The incidence were higher in drinking raw water than those drinking boiling water.in taking antibiotics before serologic examination were lower than no taking antibiotics;in peptic ulcer disease were higher than in no peptic ulcer disease;in per capita housing area over 6 m2 were higher than less 6 m2.CONCLUSIONS The infection rates of Hp and toxigenic Hp among our adult population are low,and positively correlated with age but gender.The social environment such as living condition,economic income,culture level and residential density maybe influence the infection of Hp.The route of transmission of Hp is unknown yet,water perhaps is an important dissemination medium.

Endotoxin and Procalcitonin in Chronic Diarrhea / 中华医院感染学杂志

0.05),but significant difference in procalcitonin((2.12?1.57) vs(1.60?0.58)ng/ml,P

Observation on Therapeutic Effects of Recombinant Erythropoietin on Anemia in Patients with Renal Chronic Failure / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects and side effects of recombinant erytropoietin(rEPO)on patients with anemia in chronic renal failure(CRF).METHODS:128 patients with anemia in CRF had been given rEPO by subcutaneous injection for12weeks,the clinical effects were observed by own control method.RESULTS:Excellence cases amounted 91,efficacy cases33,and the overall efficacy rate was96.88%;The side effects included hypertension,coagulation in dialysis machine,pain in injection site and head,no severe adverse drug reactions were found;No degradation in renal function was found in non-dialysis patients during the medication.CONCLUSIONS:rEPO could improve anemia in CRF safely and effectively.

Coping characters of patients with irritable bowel syndrome / 中华消化杂志

Objective To investigate the coping characters in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) by measuring the scores of life events, characteristic copings and coping styles. Methods Compared with those in health controls and peptic ulcer(PU) patients, Life Event Scale and Coping Style Questionnaire were used to evaluate 41 consecutive patients with IBS. Results IBS had a higher score of negative life events (43.92? 5.75 )than health controls (23.45?2.73, P =0.025) and PU(25.43?2.98, P =0.035). IBS also had a higher score of negative coping styles(40.79?8.01) than health controls (35.52?7.60, P =0.010) and PU(36.41?8.41, P =0.045). There was significant difference between IBS and health controls in the coping styles for fancying and withdrawal( P

Study on injection therapy of Forrest graded peptic ulcer bleeding under endoscopy / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of e ndoscopic injection on Forrest graded peptic ulcer bleeding and evaluate its sig nificance.Methods From July 2001 to August 2002, eighty-one patients wi th haematemesis and/or hematochezia diagnosed as peptic ulcer by immediate endos copy were divided into two groups based on Forrest grading, 41 were treated with injection therapy (injection group); other 40 with conservative therapy only (c ontrol group).Results The haemostatic rates in injection therapy group and co ntrol group were 95 1% and 80 0% respectively with prominent statistical diffe rence (P

On the Education of Life Values for College Students from a Traditional Cultural Perspective / 中国医学伦理学

Life education aims at avoiding the consequent self-suicides of college students.Rich resources can be provided from traditional culture.Possible ways of life education from the perspective of traditional culture include educate through the curriculum teaching of Chinese Language and Culture,through the studying of the ancient Chinese classicals and through properly increasing the ratio of the training of traditional Chinese Wushu in current PE classes for college students.

Effects of rosiglitazone on endocrine function of endothelia in insulin resistant rats / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Insulin resistant rats induced by fructose were treated with rosiglitazone (RSG), and the effect of RSG on the endocrine function of vascular endothelial cells were investigated. The results showed that RSG can improve the endocrine function of endothelia by enhancing aortic NO synthase activity and the ability of anti-oxidative stress.