Autoimmune hemolytic anemia after orthotopic liver transplantation: analysis of 3 cases / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in liver transplant recipients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was conducted of 3 patients who developed AIHA following orthotopic liver transplantation. The results of hemolysis tests and examinations of hemoglobin, white blood cells, platelets, total bilirubin, and alanine aminotransferase before and after treatments were reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>These 3 patients developed AIHA following the transplantation possibly in association with the use of immunosuppressive agents, and the condition was effectively controlled after corresponding treatments.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AIHA is a uncommon complication after liver transplantation and can be cured after a definitive diagnosis with corresponding treatments.</p>

Pathogenic effect of the O-antigen polysaccharide isolated from enteroinvasive Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To investigate the specific pathogenesis of O-antigen polysaccharide(OPS) which is a subunit component of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) from enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. Methods The OPS was extracted and purified from Escherichia coli O29(enteroinvasive E.coli) strain. Effects of OPS, contrasted with the whole LPS molecule, were observed by in vitro experiments (HeLa cell culture) and in vivo experiments (rabbit ileal loop assay). Results It was revealed that the purified EIEC OPS alone cause cytopathic effect to HeLa cell, and that the OPS caused mucosal hemorrhage, but no fluid accumulation in ileal loop of rabbits. The scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope demonstrated the fine structures of cytopathic HeLa cell were damaged. Conclusion Escherichia coli O29 OPS might be one of the factors causing diarrhea and its mechanism was different from endotoxin reaction of LPS. Escherichia coli O29(pathogen) OPS showed a marked serious toxicity as compared with Escherichia coli HB101(nonpathogen) OPS.

Comparison of two microdialysis approaches in determining peripheral nociceptive input-evoked glutamate release in the spinal cord of rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To validate and compare the two spinal microdialysis techniques: a linear tissue probe (LM-3) in the spinal dorsal horn and a loop probe in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in determining peripheral nociceptive stimulation-evoked glutamate (Glu) release in the spinal cord of freely moving rats. Methods Twenty-eight adult male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into two groups: in group A a LM-3 probe was implanted into the spinal dorsal horn and in group B a loop probe was placed in the CSF. Twenty-four hours after the implantation of the probe, microdialysis was initiated with perfusion of modified Ringer' s solution at a low flow rate of 5 ?l?min-1 . Following an 1 h equilibration phase the baseline Glu concentrations were measured every 10 min for 1 h. Thereafter 50 ?lof 5% formalin was injected into one hindpaw of the rats and samples were collected every 10 min for 90 min. Furthermore 8 rats in group A were further divided into 2 subgroups to investigate the effects of the flow rate of microdialysis and composition of perfusate on the baseline Glu release.Results The baseline levels of Glu were (0.82?0.09) ?mol?L-1 with LM-3 probe and (5.96?0.22) ?mol?L-1 with the loop probe. In group A (LM-3 probe) when the flow rate of the modified Ringer's solution was decreased from 5 to 2 ?l?min-1 the extracellular Glu concentrations were increased to 223%?7% of the baseline (n = 4) , whereas perfusion with artificial CSF reduced Glu concentrations to 62% ?10% of the baseline (n = 4) . Injection of formalin into the hindpaw induced a short-lasting but significant increase in Glu concentration with a similar profile and time course using either of the two microdialysis approaches. Conclusion Microdialysis in the dorsal horn or in the CSF are both effective techniques to assess Glu release in the spinal cord of rats. Peripheral nociceptive input induces a short-lasting increase in Glu release with a similar profile and time course using either of the two microdialysis approaches. The microdialysis of the dorsal horn provides a useful tool to precisely locatewhere the release of the neurotransmitter occurs, whereas the loop probe in CSF is more reproducible for simultaneous investigation of drug effects.

Dependence analysis between sudden manhood death syndrome and mutation of SCN5A / 中国法医学杂志

In resent years, the accounts about adults' sudden death without specific reason have been increased. The definition of cause of death was a hot potato to legal medical experts. With the deep - going of etiology to molecular level, clinical cardiac diseases' researches have confirmed that the arrhythmia has been resulted from a kind of " idiopathic disorder of cardiac action potential" that is related to cardiac sodium channel diseases by SCN5A mutation confirmed by using the techniques of molecular genetics. The paper reviewed the characteristic of SMDS ( Sudden Manhood Death Syndrome) in forensic science and some kinds of diseases' genotype and phenotype in clinical medicine, and hoped to acquire some revelation for further related research.