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In this paper, the domestic and international demand and development trend of clinical diagnostic radionuclides are analyzed, and the medium and high-energy cyclotrons, adequate and systematic facilities, and preparation techniques required for the production of medical radionuclides based on solid targets are introduced. This paper focuses on the research and development carried out by some important medical institutions and scientific research institutes in China over the years in the aspects of medium and high-energy cyclotrons, beam transmission lines, high-power irradiation target stations and new medical isotope production processes etc. It also looks forward to some new directions for the development of medical radionuclides in China during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.
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Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of 18 F?FDG PET/CT in untreated small cell lung cancer ( SCLC) . Methods A total of 49 SCLC patients( 35 males, 14 females, median age 61 years) with pathologically confirmed SCLC had underwent 18 F?FDG PET/CT scan before treatment from January 2008 to December 2013 and were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Clinical staging were mainly deter?mined by 18 F?FDG PET/CT scan. Performance status ( PS) was acquired according to the clinical symptoms before PET examination. Patients were followed up for at least 6 months and the survival interval was recor?ded. Two?sample t test, Kaplan?Merier, log?rank and Cox regression analysis were used for statistical analy?sis. Results (1)Among 49 patients, 20 died during the follow?up, 1 patient was lost to follow?up, and 45 patients(91.84%) had metastasis. Patients with limited disease (LD) and extensive disease (ED) were 27 and 22 respectively according to 18F?FDG PET/CT imaging. (2)The median OS was 23.68 months and me?dian PFS was 19.93 months. LD patients had significantly longer OS and PFS than ED patients (35.30 months vs 12.57 months, 28.87 months vs 11.30 months;χ2=18.810, 13.647, both P0.05). SUVmax of primary tumor showed no significant correlation with OS and PFS (both P>0.05).There were no significant differences in OS and PFS between low SUVmax group and high SUVmax group in both LD and ED patients (χ2=0.001-0.565, all P>0.05). (4) Staging based on 18 F?FDG PET/CT results and PS score were independent prognostic factors ( hazard ratios:3.93, 5?00, both P<0.05) , while SUVmax showed no significant prognostic value. Conclusions PS score before PET scan and imaging staging based on 18 F?FDG PET/CT results are independent prognostic factors. The predictive value of primary foci SUVmax needs further investigation.
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Objective To evaluate the influence of inappropriate position deviation on radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU),effective half-life (Teff) and the corresponding dose variances in patients suffering from Graves hyperthyroidism.Methods RAIU was examined in 20 patients with Graves hyperthyroidism (7 males,13 females,average age (46.60 ±9.55) years) 2,4,6,and 24 h after intake of the radioiodine capsule.A scintillation probe was positioned at the center of the inferior edge of the thyroid cartilage 25 cm away for 2 min,which was defined as the standard manipulation (test 1).Then,the probe was moved either 5 cm backward (test 2) or 5 cm higher (test 3) compared with test 1.Variants of RAIU,Teff as well as dose calculations were acquired by different combinations (CⅠ-Ⅸ) of 4 h and 24 h-RAIU,according to the above 3 manipulations (C Ⅰ-Ⅲ:test 1 for RAIU4 h,test 1,2,3 for RAIU24 h respectively ; C Ⅳ-Ⅵ:test 2 for RAIU4h,test 1,2,3 for RAIU24h respectively; CⅦ-Ⅸ:test 3 for RAIU4h,test 1,2,3 for RAIU24h respectively).Paired t test was used to compare the statistical differences between C H-Ⅸ to C Ⅰ.Results RAIU24 h of test 2 (68.08％ ± 7.88％) and test 3 (62.18％ ± 7.45％) were significantly lower than that of test 1 (78.05％ ± 8.31％ ;t =12.15,14.37,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01).Teffs of C Ⅱ (4.42 ± 0.73) d,CⅢ(3.76 ±0.53) d,CⅤ(5.59 ±0.46) d,CⅥ(4.47 ±0.44) d,CⅧ(5.94 ±0.54) d and CⅨ (5.45 ±0.66) d were significantly different from that of C Ⅰ (5.04 ±0.56) d which was defined as standard (t:3.86-13.64,all P ＜0.01).Among the 180 131I dose values calculated by different Teff and RAIU values induced from C Ⅰ-Ⅸ combinations,74.4％ (119/160) were over-calculated while 9.4％ (15/160) were under-calculated.Taking one patient as an example,the changes of RAIU24 h (decreased up to 26.0％) and the percentage of Teff deviation(66.9％,ranged from-47.5％ to 19.4％)led to an over-calculated 131 I dosage by as high as 129.8％ compared with CⅠ.Conclusions Incorrect positioning in RAIU detection could result in various false RAIU,Teff and 131I dose calculations.Such deviations could possibly exert an impact on the patients' therapeutic outcomes,thus influencing the efficacy of the iodine therapy.Optimization of RAIU positioning is essential for clinical practice to guarantee radioiodine dose management.