Comparison of CT and structured light three-dimensional scanning of maxillofacial contours in 120 male young adults / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To study the characteristics of maxillofacial contour data of male young adult group and to compare the differences between data acquired by structured light three-dimensional scanning and CT.@*Methods@#From November 2017 to December 2017, 120 healthy male volunteers from the General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command aged 20 to 30 years, weighed 55-85 kg, and with the height between 160-185 cm were selected. Three groups were carried out according to the concentrative trend of BMI: 17≤BMI<22(group A), 22≤BMI<24(group B), 24≤BMI<29(group C). Structured light scanning: Each volunteer underwent facial scanning and measurement by 3D medical simulation system and 3D precision digital shaping software in the system respectively. CT scanning: CT was also used for whole skull scanning and the harvested 3D data was calculated and measured with Mimics 13.0 and Geomagic Studio 2013 software. Three groups of measurements were statistically compared between groups using Paired-t sample test, One-way ANOVA or Wilcoxon rank sum test. P<0.05 indicates statistical difference.@*Results@#The result of structured light three-dimensional scanning data showed that the horizontal circumference of supraauricular base point (point A), tragus point (point B), earlobe point (point C) and midpoint of lip plane (point D) in group A were (276.70±11.71) mm, (286.06±7.69) mm, (256.53±11.01) mm, (244.89±11.85) mm. The values in group B were (289.22±8.91) mm, (301.57 ±3.61) mm, (270.68±11.85) mm and (257.02±11.76) mm. The values in group C were (297.53±5.70) mm, (314.12±4.73) mm, (278.29±9.04) mm and (260.21±17.33) mm. The results of CT three-dimensional reconstruction model: the horizontal circumference of superior ear base point, tragus point, ear lobe point and lip plane midpoint in group A were (274.55±9.98) mm, (283.33±7.35) mm, (260.32±12.64) mm, (241.97±11.94) mm. The values in group B were (286.40±7.29) mm, (300.28±2.73) mm, (274.89±7.91) mm and (253.84±12.04) mm. The values in group C were (293.27±8.18) mm, (310.38±8.43) mm, (283.41±10.94) mm and (254.67±13.71) mm. There was no significant difference between the two collection method (P>0.05). The statistical result of structured light three-dimensional scanning image data showed that there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-5.798 6, -8.109 0, -4.044 3; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.000 1). By the circumference of horizontal plane at point B, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-12.190 0, -16.206 7, -12.054 2; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.000 0). There were significant differences in horizontal plane circumference between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-6.078 8, -8.346 5, -2.686 5; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.009 2). Through the horizontal plane circumference of point C, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C. Through the horizontal plane circumference of point D, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C(t=-5.025 1, -4.495 4; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0). The difference between group B and group C was not statistically significant (t=-0.886 6, P=0.378 6). The statistical result of CT scanning reconstruction model data showed that there were significant differences in horizontal plane circumference between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-6.520 5, -7.924 5, -3.495 7; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.000 9). According to the horizontal plane circumference of point B, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C. There were significant differences in horizontal plane circumference between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C. By the circumference of horizontal plane at point C, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-6.596 1, -7.622 4, -3.637 7; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.000 6). According to the horizontal plane circumference of point D, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C (t=-4.846 0, -4.085 3; P=0.000 0, 0.000 1). The difference between group B and group C was not statistically significant (t=-0.254 2; P=0.800 1).@*Conclusions@#The three-dimensional data of the maxillofacial region of male young adults has a correlation with the BMI. Structured light three-dimensional scanning is a more accurate and convenient way to collect three-dimensional data of maxillofacial contour than CT scanning, which is helpful to improve the efficiency of clinical and scientific research.

Histological and biomechanical changes of rabbit ear cartilage induced by long pulse width 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the histological and biomechanical changes of rabbit ear cartilage induced by long pulse width 1064 nm Nd: YAGlaser.@*Methods@#Seven New Zealand rabbits weighing 2.0-2.5 kg, male, 4-6 months old were selected. For a self-control, the right ear was irradiated by laser and the left ear was the normal control group. Each rabbit ear was divided into 3 cm × 1 cm, three 2 cm × 1 cm and 1 cm× 1 cm experimental area. After the experimental area of the laser irradiation group was irradiated by long pulse width 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser, Three pieces of 2 cm × 1 cm cartilage in each ear of the experimental rabbits were immediately cut and stained with HE, Sirius red and Masson to observe the histological changes of chondrocytes. The 3 cm × 1 cm and 1 cm× 1 cm cartilage of each rabbit ear was cut for biomechanical examination, and the changes of biomechanical properties such as tension, fracture, elastic modulus and compression of rabbit ear cartilage were observed immediately after the operation.@*Results@#Histological observation showed that the chondrocytes became small, the matrix was stained deeply, the refraction was obvious/evident and the collagen was relatively increased. After being irradiated by long pulse width 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser, the peak tensile stress, tensile elastic modulus, tensile fracture load, compressive stress peak, compressive elastic modulus and compressive failure load of rabbit ear cartilage in laser irradiation group were (5.22 ±0.80) MPa, (42.40 ±9.78) MPa, (22.86 ±4.85) N, (16.04 ±5.57) MPa, (28.71 ±13.97) MPa, (1 211.63 ±427.86) N. All of them were smaller than those of the control group[(6.07±0.64) MPa, (48.44±6.30) MPa, (26.94±4.19) N, (25.12±9.10) MPa, (45.30±19.24) MPa, (1 962.83±896.71) N], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#After the operation of long pulse width 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser, the stress of rabbit ear cartilage resisting elastic deformation is reduced, the shape is easier to change, and the remodeling effect is more stable.

The level of formaldehyde in the air of the anatomic laboratories and its prevention measures / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the level of formaldehyde in the air of anatomical laboratories and to explore the effect of different prevention measures on reducing the level of formaldehyde. METHODS: The level of formaldehyde in two morphological laboratories of a medical college of a university were measured with a comprehensive atmospheric sampler at different physical ventilation time,different time after spraying biological enzymes and different masks. RESULTS: The level of formaldehyde decreased with the increase of ventilation time in front,middle and back of the laboratory( P < 0. 05).The level of formaldehyde at 30 and 60 minutes after spraying bio-enzymes in three parts of the laboratory was lower than that at 0 minute in the same part of the laboratory( P < 0. 05),and lower than that in the bio-enzymes non-spraying laboratory at the same part and same time point( P < 0. 05). At 0,30 and 60 minutes ventilation time points,the level of formaldehyde in the activated carbon mask group was lower than that in the normal sampling group,the non-woven mask group and the defatted gauze mask group at the same time point( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Both physical ventilation and bio-enzyme degradation can reduce indoor formaldehyde pollution. Active carbon mask can achieve good protection effect.

Advance of the use of auricular othosis in congenital ear deformities / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Congenital ear deformities are common diseases in infants and can be effectively corrected by ear molding. However, the current knowledge about the auricular othosis is still insufficiency. As the new type of ear correction system has been produced, non-surgical correction of ear deformities is increasingly popular. To promote and standardize its clinical application, here, we reviewed the advanced publications associated with neonatal ear molding, focusing on auricular deformities classification, incidence rate, self-healing rate, as well as pathological mechanism. The review also included various auricular othosis materials, treatment opportunity, cure rate and complications.

The differences and relations between subclavicular flap and supraclavicular flap pedicled by branches of transverse cervical artery / 中华整形外科杂志

The anterior chest is an excellent donor site for cervicofacial reconstruction. Studies of chest flaps began as early as 1988 in xijing Hspital. We created a new flap called the subclavicular flap, which was pedicled by the thoracic branch of supraclavicular artery. This flap shares the similar vascular territory of the deltopectoral flap and is mainly used for reconstruction of cervicofacial wounds. The supraclavicular flap has the same vessel origin of supraclavicular flap but is pedicled by the different branch, the deltoid branch. Its vascular territory locates on the shoulder region. Therefore, many differences and relations exist between the two flaps and there are also some disputes. To enhance the understanding of the two flaps, presenting a summary on the two flaps, especially for their relations and differences.

Applicationof noninvasive correction of congenital auricle deformity / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the application of noninvasive correction of congenital auricle defor-mity,and to analyze the cure rate and the causes of incidence of complications. Methods From January 2015 to December 2016,33 patients with unilateral or bilateral congenital auricle deformities were treated with non-surgi-cal correction technique in the Plastic Surgery Department of Guangzhou General Hospital. When the treatment was completed,the VAS score was used to assess the satisfaction of the patient's parents. Results From January 2015 to December 2016,33 patients(53 ears)received noninvasive treatment of the ear deformity correction system. The average age of the patients was(63.5 ± 41.3)days,the average treatment time was(41.6 ± 15.4)days,and the average parental satisfaction was 3.76 ± 0.93(total score:5 points). Significant difference was observedin auri-cle morphology data between pre- and post- treatment ,except for cranioauricular angle(P < 0.05). Conclusions In this study,the cure rate for non-surgical correction was good,however,the satisfaction of treatment decreased with age.The most common complication of treatment was auricle skin damage. The reasons of causing complica-tions maybe the age-induced reduction of ear cartilage elasticity which brought great pressure on the ear ,and the increase of the treatment time.

Thinning of the free muscle flaps for the treatment of hand and foot defects / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the feasibility of one-stage thinning of latissimus dorsi muscle, rectus abdominis muscle and gracilis flap in reconstruction of the hand and foot defects.@*Methods@#From June 2009 to April 2015, 24 free muscle flaps were thinned during transfer operation by removing their superficial muscle layers on the basis of their vessel pedicles running in the deep surface of flaps. The surface of the muscle flaps were covered by split-thickness skin grafts. There were 16 latissimus dorsi muscle flaps, 4 gracilis flaps and 4 rectus abdominis muscle flaps. Flap size ranged from 6 cm×4 cm to 20 cm×12 cm. Thinned muscle flaps were used to resurface 7 hand defects and 17 foot defects.@*Results@#All muscle flaps survived the thinning procedures without any circulation problems except for one case which suffered total flap necrosis due to venous thrombosis. Skins grafts on muscle flaps also took well. One patient experienced partial skin loss. Two patients underwent secondary debridement and thinning procedure for infection and bulkiness. During the 0.3-20 months follow-up, the contour of thinned muscle flaps matched well with the recipient areas. Reconstructed feet are able to wear regular shoes.@*Conclusions@#Intraoperative immediate thinning of free muscle flaps can be safely accomplished during the primary reconstruction procedure. This procedure prevents the limitations of muscle flap bulkiness and may provide an alternative for surface coverage.

A study of changes in volume and location of target areas and organs at risk in intensity-modulated radiotherapy for cervical cancer / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes in volume and spatial location of target areas and normal tissues before and during intensity?modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for cervical cancer by quantitative means. Methods Forty patients with cervical cancer who were treated with IMRT were enrolled as subjects. Computed tomography ( CT) was performed before IMRT and during IMRT when a dose of 27 Gy ( 15 fractions) was reached. Clinicians delineated the target areas and organs at risk in the two groups of CT images. The target areas and organs at risk in one group of images were mapped to the other group of CT image by image registration using the Pinnacle treatment planning system. Volume changes in target areas and organs at risk were analyzed, and changes in the spatial location were evaluated by volume difference method and Dice similarity method. Comparison was made by paired t?test. Results There were significant differences in gross target volumes of primary tumor lesions ( GTV?T) and pelvic metastatic lymph nodes (GTV?N) before and during IMRT ( P= 0?? 000; P= 0?? 000). According to the evaluation by volume difference method, the average rate of change in GTV?T was (38.64±19?? 50)% with a range between 3?? 16%and 86?? 49%, while the average rate of change in GTV?N was (42.49± 25?? 68)% with a range between 2?? 79% and 87?? 42%. In the organs at risk, the bladder had the maximum rate of volume change, the average of which was (55.13±33?? 40)% with a range between 3?? 25% and 116?? 01%. According to the evaluation by Dice similarity method, the average Dice similarity coefficient for GTV?T was 0.50± 0?? 18 with a range between 0?? 10 and 0?? 85, while the average Dice similarity coefficient for GTV?N was 0.31±0?? 20 with a range between 0?? 00 and 0?? 71. The rectum had the minimum Dice coefficient in the organs at risk, the average of which was 0.57± 0?? 14 with a range between 0?? 18 and 0?? 76 . Conclusions For patients with cervical cancer to receive IMRT, since there are substantial changes in volume and spatial location of target areas and normal tissues before and during treatment, it is quite necessary to modify the treatment regimen in time in order to provide adequate doses for target areas and avoid overdose for organs at risk.

An alternative model of composite tissue transplantation in rat: the femur osteomyocutaneous flap / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reconstruct a simpler and reliable composite tissue transplantation model-the femur osteomyocutaneous flap for the replacement of hindlimb transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten femur osteomyocutaneous flaps from 5 Lewis rats were transplanted into 10 syngeneic recipients' inguinal region. Their nutrient vessels were anastomosed with recipients vessels. The graft of this model was consisted of the groin flap and partial femur. To verify the feasibility of this model, gross and histological appearance were studied after transplantation to evaluate the viability of grafts.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The operative time was (159.0 +/- 8.3) min with the harvesting time of (68.0 +/- 4.8) min and the ischemia time of (55. 8 +/- 6.8) min. The methylene blue injection showed rich blood supply of transplanted femur osteomyocutaneous flap. All the 10 flaps survived completely with pink skin color and hair regrowth. The histologic examination of the flaps also revealed the normal appearance of the viable skin and bone marrow.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The femur osteomyocutaneous flap is a simple and reliable model for composite tissue transplantation, and its establishment will provide a new tool for the study of composite tissue allografts.</p>

Effects of Qingjinkangkuoyin on TNF-α and NE in lung tissue of rats with bronchiectasis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To study the effects of Qingjinkangkuoyin (QJKKY) on TNF-α and NE in rats with bronchiectasis.Methods Models were established by intrabronchially injecting with pseudomonas aeruginosa,and divided into 5 groups by random:the QJKKY high dose treatment group (given high dose of QJKKY into stomach),the QJKKY low dose treatment group (given low dose of QJKKY),the levofloxacin group (given levofloxacin),the model group (given normal saline),and the normal contrast group (given normal saline).After 2 weeks of treatment,the histopathology of lung tissue,the levels of TNF-α and inflammatory cells in peripheral blood and NE in rats' lung tissue were detected.Results Compared with the model group (160.425±9.9293)ng/L,QJKKY could decrease the level of TNF-α in blood significantly [high dose of QJKKY treatment group was (137.133±6.1646)ng/L,P＜0.05]; the expression of inflammatory cells in serum were decreased significantly by QJKKY [high dose of QJKKY treatment group was (1.106± 0.3580) 109/L,P＜0.05].Low dose of QJKKY treatment group was (1.086 ±0.2433) 109/L,(P＜0.05) ; the expression of NE in lung tissue were decreased remarkably by QJKKY [high dose of QJKKY treatment group(80.697 ±4.5877)ng/L,P＜0.05]; low dose of QJKKY treatment group is (80.747±3.6925)ng/L,(P＜0.05); and the histopathologic change of lung tissue in QJKKY treatment groups were ameliorated under light microscope by HE staining.Conclusion Qingjinkangkuoyin could cure bronchiectasis by decreasing the expression of TNF-αin peripheral blood and NE in rats' lung tissue.

Effect of E1A gene on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To study the effect of E1A gene on the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and its mechanism. Methods Ad-E1A gene was transfected into human NPC cells (CNE2), then the positive clones (CNE2-Ad-E1A) were identified by RT-PCR. CNE2 cells, CNE2 cells transfected with Ad-β-gal (CNE2-Ad-β-gal) and CNE2-Ad-E1A cells were irradiated with 0 Gy,2 Gy,4 Gy,6 Gy and 8 Gy respectively using 6 MV X-ray. Clone forming assays were carried out, cell survival curves were drawn and the sensitivity enhancing ratio (SER) was calculated. The redistributions of cell cy-cle were analyzed by flow cytometry. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of wtp53. Results RT-PCR confirmed that E1A gene had been integTated into positively transfected cells and stably expressed. Cell survival curves showed that the SER of D0,Dq and SF_2 value was 1.37, 1.95 and 1.46 in CNE2-Ad-E1A cells. The D_0,D_q and SF_2 value was 1.57 Gy,1.82 Gy, 0.89 in CNE-2 cells and 1.53 Gy,1.78 Gy,0.82 in CNE2-Ad-β-gal cells, respectively. The G_2/M arrest was shown in CNE2-Ad-E1A cells. Moreover, the expression of wtp53 gene was markedly enhanced in Ad-E1A-CNE2 cells. Conclusions E1A gene can ef-fectively enhance the radiosensitivity of human NPC cells, which may be associated the enhancement of wt-p53 expression and G_2/M arrest.

An analysis of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with completely resected stage Ⅲa(N_2)non-small cell lung cancer / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:This paper will retrospectively analyze the long-term results of PORT for Completely Resected Stage Ⅲa(N2) NSCLC.The strategies of treatment are also to be discussed.Methods:92 cases with Completely Resected Stage Ⅲa(N2)NSCLC treated in our hospital from 1987 to 2004 were analyzed.Among them,46 patients received PORT(Group S+R),46 no PORT(Group S).39 of the entire patients。received chemotherapy.Median radiation dose was 56 Gy(40～64 Gy).The survival rates were analyzed and compared by Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank.Results:(1)The 5 and 10-year overall survival(OS) for all patients was 44.5% and 30.4%,respectively(.2)The 5 and 10-year OS of group S+R and S was 49.1% vs 36.5% and 36.3% vs 25.4%,respectively,with no significant difference(?2=0.83,P=0.65)(.3)For the patients with single station involved N2,PORT tends to improve the disease-free survival(DFS) but no reach significant difference.As for patients with multiple stations involved N2,PORT could improve the DFS,the 5 and 10-year DFS of group S+R and S was 40.6% vs.4.5%;21.2% vs.4.1%,respectively,(?2=4.35,P=0.03),meanwhile,it might increase the OS(.4) The survival rate treated with PORT from 1996 to 2004 was higher than that from 1987 to 1995,(?2=4.28,P=0.04)(.5)Recurrence was seen in 63% of patients.The total(both local/regional recurrence and distant metastasis)and local/regional recurrenc rate of group S+R was lower than that of group S,i.e.50.0% vs76.1%(?2=6.72,P=0.001)and 8.7% vs 32.6%(?2=8.03,P=0.001),respectively.Distant metastasis was found to be the main failure cause for both group S+R and S.Multivariate analyses showed that age and number of mediastinal lymph node station involved have influence on the survival of patients with Completely Resected Stage Ⅲa(N2)NSCLC.the DFS.But its value for patients with single station involved N2 was unclear and a further randomized clinical trail is still warrant.(2)Age and the number of mediastinal lymph node station involved are the two significant prognosis factors for patients with Completely Resected Stage Ⅲa(N2)NSCLC(.3)Condition of equipment and radiation technology used could have some influence on the result of PORT(.4)The fact that distant metastasis was the main failure cause for both group S+R and S might imply that patients with Completely Resected Stage Ⅲa(N2)NSCLC might benefit from chemotherapy.It suggests thus that chemotherapy should be considered for these patients.

Expression and Significance of Survivin and Fhit Protein in Colorectal Benign and Malignant Disease / 医学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Survivin and Fhit protein in colorectal benign and malignant disease.Methods Test the expression of Survivin and Fhit proteins in 20 cases normal colorectal mucosa,30 cases low grade colorectal intraepithelial lesion,30 cases high grade colorectal intraepithelial lesion and 68 cases colorectal adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemical staining S-P method.Results The unexpression of Survivin in normal colorectal mucosa,postive expression rates of Survivin in low grade colorectal intraepithelial lesion,high grade colorectal intraepithelial lision and colorectal adenocarcinoma were 43.3%,76.7% and 91.2%(P

Treatment of tibiafibular fractures with rectangle-shaped intramedullary nails / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To summarize the 10 year clinical experience of treating tibiafibular fractures with rectangle shaped intramedullary nails(RIN). Methods:From January 1987 to December 1996, 4 682 cases (3 278 male and 1 404 female) of tibiafibular fractures from 9 hospitals were treated with RIN . Three kinds of reduction methods including open reduction, semi open reduction and closed reduction were used during operation. Results:Results showed 2 173 cases (62.89%) got excellent result, 947 got good (27.40%), 214 got moderate (6.19%), 121 got poor (3.50%). The total healing rate was 90.29%. Conclusion:RIN has excellent biological characteristics which can provide a flexible interfixation when treating tibiafibular fractures, and the operation is simple, it also can be used for severe open fractures. RIN is one of the good techniques in treating tibiafibular fractures.