Relation between neuroticism and tendency of mobile phone addiction among nursing undergraduates： the mediating role of perceived stress and self-control / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundNegative effects of mobile phone addiction on undergraduate students have led to several health problems including depression， anxiety， attention deficit disorder， cognitive impairment and sleep disturbance. The undergraduate nursing students serve as an important reserve force of the clinical nursing work， and their poor psychological health would have a non-ignorable impact on the quality of the nursing work and the nurse-patient relationship in the future. ObjectiveTo investigate the relation between neuroticism and tendency of mobile phone addiction among undergraduate nursing students， and to examine the pathways through which perceived stress and self-control play a role in the relation by constructing a chain-mediated model. MethodsFrom February to March 2023， a total of 900 undergraduate nursing students across 10 universities in Xi'an， Shaanxi Province were selected through convenient sampling method. Several scales were adopted to assess undergraduate nursing students respectively， including the neuroticism subscale of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chines （EPQ-RSC）， Perceived Stress Scale （PSS）， Self-Control Scale （SCS） and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale （MPATS）. The assessment were conducted on multiple aspects of these students including neurotic personality， subjective stress， self-control and mobile phone addiction tendency. Model 6 in the SPSS Macro Process 4.1 was used to examine the mediating effect of perceived stress and self-control between neuroticism and mobile phone addiction tendency among undergraduate nursing students. Results① Among the 900 students， 314 cases （34.89%） were found to be addicted to mobile phones. ② The score of neuroticism subscale in EPQ-RSC of nursing undergraduates was positively correlated with the total scores of PSS and MPATS （r=0.400， 0.287， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with score of SCS （r=-0.364， P<0.01）. The total score of MPATS was positively correlated with the total score of PSS （r=0.362， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with the total score of SCS （r=-0.468， P<0.01）. The total score of SCS was negatively correlated with the total score of PSS （r=-0.515， P<0.01）. ③ Perceived stress and self-control performed partial mediation between neuroticism personality and mobile phone addiction tendency （with indirect effect values of 0.056 and 0.065， respectively， accounting for 19.72% and 22.89% of the total effect）. Perceived stress and self-control played a chain mediating role between neuroticism personality and mobile phone addiction tendency （with an indirect effect value of 0.064， accounting for 22.54% of the total effect）. ConclusionNeuroticism personality， perceived stress and self-control are confirmed to play important roles in mobile phone addiction tendency among undergraduate nursing students. Neuroticism personality not only directly affects the tendency of mobile phone addiction， but also affects their mobile phone addiction tendency through the chain mediating effect of perceived stress and self-control.［Funded by The 2020 Annual Project of the 13th Five-Year Plan of Education Science in Shaanxi Province （number， SGH20Y1386）］

Relationship between the level of hope and cancer-related fatigue among breast cancer patients： mediating role of resilience / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundAt least 77.0% of breast cancer patients will experience cancer-related fatigue. Hope level and resilience play as two important factors that have influence on cancer-related fatigue. Currently， most studies involve one single factor， either the level of hope or resilience， and explore its relationship with the cancer-related fatigue. Only limited studies explore the action mechanism behind with all three factors put together. ObjectiveTo investigate the mediating role of resilience between hope and cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer， and to provide references for finding intervention targets for cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients. MethodsFrom March to October 2022， this study was conducted on the sample size of 324 hospitalized patients from three Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province. These patients were over 18 years old and pathologically diagnosed as breast cancer. Hope level， resilience and cancer-related fatigue were assessed， respectively， using Adult Dispositional Hope Scale （ADHS）， Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC-10） and Cancer Fatigue Scale （CFS）. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the relationship between ADHS score， CD-RISC-10 score and CFS score. AMOS 22.0 was used to analyze the mediating effect of resilience between hope level and cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients. ResultsThe detection rate of cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer was 88.58%. Scores of ADHS and CD-RISC-10 were negatively correlated with CFS score （r=-0.750， -0.809， P<0.01）. ADHS score was positively correlated with CD-RISC-10 score （r=0.901， P<0.01）. Resilience had a mediating effect between the hope level and cancer-related fatigue. The mediating effect value was -0.676（95% CI： -1.005~-0.347）， accounting for 81.90% of the total effect. ConclusionThe hope level of breast cancer patients can affect cancer-related fatigue directly as well as indirectly through resilience. Resilience plays a partial mediating role between hope level and cancer-related fatigue .

Oxytocin receptor variant rs53576 genotype is associated with dysphoric arousal symptoms of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder in Chinese earthquake survivors / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#Evidence suggests that the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene may be involved in the psychopathology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to investigate the effects of OXTR rs53576 genotype on PTSD symptoms introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).@*METHODS@#This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1140 adults who had personally experienced the Wenchuan earthquake. PTSD symptoms were measured with the PTSD checklist for DSM-5. A custom-by-design 2 × 48-Plex SNPscan@*RESULTS@#The results revealed that the rs53576 genotype could significantly predict PTSD symptoms (β = 0.055, p = 0.045). Further analysis showed that the rs53576 genotype was only significantly associated with dysphoric arousal symptoms of PTSD (β = 0.080, p = 0.005). The rs53576 genotype × earthquake exposure interaction had no significant effect on different symptom clusters (p > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#This study showed that the rs53576 genotype was only associated with the dysphoric arousal symptoms but not with other symptom clusters of PTSD. These findings support the role of the OXTR on the psychopathology of PTSD and help us to understand the genetic basis of PTSD.

Prospective association between childhood abuse experiences and depressive symptoms in adolescence / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the prospective association between childhood abuse experiences and depressive symptoms in adolescence.Methods Students in grade 3 and 4'from three primary schools were selected,with informed consent,through convenience cluster sampling in Bengbu,Anhui province in May 2013.The students' body height,weight were assessed.Childhood abuse experiences including emotional,physical or sexual abuses,as well as depressive symptoms were reported by children themselves.Data on parental educational background and household economic status were collected through parent questionnaire.A follow up was conducted 4 years later after baseline survey.Depressive symptoms were evaluated by using Children's Depression Inventory at baseline survey,and by using Mood and Feeling Questionnaire at follow-up.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between childhood abuse experiences and depressive symptoms in adolescence.Results A total of 1 172 students were included in baseline survey,and a follow-up was conducted for 87.1％ of them (n=1 021).Among 1 126 students with complete information on childhood abuse experiences at baseline survey,the reported rates of physical,emotional and sexual abuses were 12.8％ (144/1 126),11.1％ (125/1 126) and 10.9％ (123/1 126),respectively.The prevalence of depressive symptoms at baseline survey and follow-up was 7.0％ (82/1 172) and 12.3％ (126/1 021),respectively.After adjusted for baseline depressive sympto ms,age at follow-up,sex,the only-child in family,household economic status,divorce of parents and BMI,childhood emotional and physical abuse experiences were significant risk factors for depressive symptoms in mid-adolescence,with the ORs were 1.86 (95％CI:1.03-3.36,P=0.039) and 2.37 (95％CI:1.39-4.03,P=0.001),respectively.Conclusion Childhood physical and emotional abuse might increase the risk of depressive symptoms in adolescence.

Developmental characteristics of circadian rhythms in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during puberty / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the developmental characteristics of circadian rhythms in hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during puberty.Methods A total of 1 070 students from Grade 2-3 in 3 primary schools in Ma'anshan city,Anhui province,were selected for physical examination and circadian rhythm of HPA axis checked from 2015 to 2017.Saliva samples were collected at each of the following three time points:immediately upon wakening,30 minutes after wakening and bedtime,with the index of circadian rhythm of HPA axis calculated,which including cortisol awake response (CAR),cortisol in puberty priming and diurnal cortisol slope (DCS).Testicular volume,palpation and visual inspection of breast development were used to assess the state of purbety development on boys and girls.Information on gender,date of birth,time to fall asleep,wake-up time and weekly physical activity were gathered through questionnaire survey.Nonparametric test was used to compare the differences of baseline,follow-up period and different adolescent developmental processes of each index on circadian rhythm of HPA axis.Results During the period of follow-up program and comparing with the continuous undeveloped group,CAR and the changes of CAR showed significantly increase,both in the puberty priming group and continuous development group,with statistically significant differences (CAR:Z=8.551,4.680,respectively;P＜0.01;the changes of CAR:Z=4.079,2.700,respectively,P＜0.01).There were no significant differences noticed in CAR and the changes of CAR between puberty priming group or continuous development group.The area under the curve (AUC) of cortisol in puberty priming group was slightly higher than that in the persistent undeveloped group (Z=2.591,P=0.010).Both the changes of daily cortisol slope (DCS) in puberty priming group and continuing developed group decreased significantly,when comparing with those in continuous undeveloped group (Z=2.450,Z=2.151;all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference noticed in the changes of cortisol in puberty priming and DCS between different puberty development stages (the changes ofAUC:x2=2.747,P=0.253;DCS:x2=4.554,P=0.032).Conclusions The indexes of circadian rhythm of HPA axis were associated with the development of puberty.Both the cortisol awakening response and the total amount of diurnal cortisol secretion showed an increase,along with the puberty development.The change of diurnal cortisol slope declined with the development of puberty.

Prospective association between childhood abuse experiences and depressive symptoms in adolescence / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the prospective association between childhood abuse experiences and depressive symptoms in adolescence.Methods Students in grade 3 and 4'from three primary schools were selected,with informed consent,through convenience cluster sampling in Bengbu,Anhui province in May 2013.The students' body height,weight were assessed.Childhood abuse experiences including emotional,physical or sexual abuses,as well as depressive symptoms were reported by children themselves.Data on parental educational background and household economic status were collected through parent questionnaire.A follow up was conducted 4 years later after baseline survey.Depressive symptoms were evaluated by using Children's Depression Inventory at baseline survey,and by using Mood and Feeling Questionnaire at follow-up.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between childhood abuse experiences and depressive symptoms in adolescence.Results A total of 1 172 students were included in baseline survey,and a follow-up was conducted for 87.1％ of them (n=1 021).Among 1 126 students with complete information on childhood abuse experiences at baseline survey,the reported rates of physical,emotional and sexual abuses were 12.8％ (144/1 126),11.1％ (125/1 126) and 10.9％ (123/1 126),respectively.The prevalence of depressive symptoms at baseline survey and follow-up was 7.0％ (82/1 172) and 12.3％ (126/1 021),respectively.After adjusted for baseline depressive sympto ms,age at follow-up,sex,the only-child in family,household economic status,divorce of parents and BMI,childhood emotional and physical abuse experiences were significant risk factors for depressive symptoms in mid-adolescence,with the ORs were 1.86 (95％CI:1.03-3.36,P=0.039) and 2.37 (95％CI:1.39-4.03,P=0.001),respectively.Conclusion Childhood physical and emotional abuse might increase the risk of depressive symptoms in adolescence.

Developmental characteristics of circadian rhythms in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during puberty / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the developmental characteristics of circadian rhythms in hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during puberty.Methods A total of 1 070 students from Grade 2-3 in 3 primary schools in Ma'anshan city,Anhui province,were selected for physical examination and circadian rhythm of HPA axis checked from 2015 to 2017.Saliva samples were collected at each of the following three time points:immediately upon wakening,30 minutes after wakening and bedtime,with the index of circadian rhythm of HPA axis calculated,which including cortisol awake response (CAR),cortisol in puberty priming and diurnal cortisol slope (DCS).Testicular volume,palpation and visual inspection of breast development were used to assess the state of purbety development on boys and girls.Information on gender,date of birth,time to fall asleep,wake-up time and weekly physical activity were gathered through questionnaire survey.Nonparametric test was used to compare the differences of baseline,follow-up period and different adolescent developmental processes of each index on circadian rhythm of HPA axis.Results During the period of follow-up program and comparing with the continuous undeveloped group,CAR and the changes of CAR showed significantly increase,both in the puberty priming group and continuous development group,with statistically significant differences (CAR:Z=8.551,4.680,respectively;P＜0.01;the changes of CAR:Z=4.079,2.700,respectively,P＜0.01).There were no significant differences noticed in CAR and the changes of CAR between puberty priming group or continuous development group.The area under the curve (AUC) of cortisol in puberty priming group was slightly higher than that in the persistent undeveloped group (Z=2.591,P=0.010).Both the changes of daily cortisol slope (DCS) in puberty priming group and continuing developed group decreased significantly,when comparing with those in continuous undeveloped group (Z=2.450,Z=2.151;all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference noticed in the changes of cortisol in puberty priming and DCS between different puberty development stages (the changes ofAUC:x2=2.747,P=0.253;DCS:x2=4.554,P=0.032).Conclusions The indexes of circadian rhythm of HPA axis were associated with the development of puberty.Both the cortisol awakening response and the total amount of diurnal cortisol secretion showed an increase,along with the puberty development.The change of diurnal cortisol slope declined with the development of puberty.

Association between hair cortisol concentration and overweight and obesity in 6-9 years old childhood / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To determine the possible relations between hair cortisol concentration (HCC) as a biomarker of chronic stress and childhood overweight and obesity.@*Methods@#Children from grade 1 to 3 from 2 primary schools in Bengbu were invited to participate in the study; and those who suffer from mental disorders, endocrine diseases and those who took hormone drugs were excluded. Parental questionnaire was implemented to collect information on physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, sugar-beverage consumption, as well as socio-economic status. Height and weight were examined. Eligible hair samples from 1 263 children (598 boys and 665 girls) were obtained, and the cortisol content was determined. Multivariate logistic regression model analysis was recruited to examine the association between HCC quartiles and overweight and obesity among boys and girls, respectively.@*Results@#HCC in P50 (P25-P75) among girls and boys was separately 11.86 (10.57-13.15) and 11.71 (10.54-13.09) µg/kg (Z=-0.886, P=0.376); HCC in P50 (P25-P75) among non-overweight, overweight and obesity boys was separately 11.62 (10.45-12.82), 12.24 (10.88-13.55) and 12.30 (10.99-13.53) µg/kg (χ2=8.24, P=0.016); HCC in P50 (P25-P75) among non-overweight, overweight and obesity girls was separately 11.35 (10.06-12.62), 12.07 (11.04-13.21) and 12.59 (11.12-13.63) µg/kg (χ2=36.16, P<0.001). After age, physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, sugared beverages and socio-economic status adjusted, compared with HCC in Q1 level, girls whose HCC in Q2, Q3 Q4 level had higher rates in overweight, with OR (95%CI) at 1.10 (1.04-3.32), 2.59 (1.51-4.45) and 3.16 (1.79-5.57), respectively. Girls with HCC in Q3 and Q4 level had higher rates in obesity, with OR (95%CI) at 2.22 (1.16-4.26) and 5.62 (3.04-10.41). Among boys, highest quartiles in HCC was risk factor for overweight, OR (95%CI) was 2.14 (1.18-3.90).@*Conclusion@#Hair cortisol had a significant relation with overweight and obesity in 6-9 years old childhood especially among girls.

Prospective association between early adiposity rebound and adolescent development in girls / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To determine possible relations between early adiposity rebound and adolescent development.@*Methods@#Prospective children cohort from 2 kindergartens selected through clustering convenience sampling method in Anhui Province was established since Sep. 2010. Participants were classified as Cohort 1 (2010), Cohort 2 (2011) and Cohort 3 (2012) according to the recruiting year. Till Sep. 2015, a toal of 802 girls were included in this study, and received follow-up till primary school. During kindergarten period, physical examination was carried out every 3 months, 8 times in total. In primary school, physical examination was carried out annually; till Sep.2015, the cohort 1, 2, 3 took physical examination for 12, 11, 10 times, respectively. Information on household economic status and child physical activity was acquired through parents questionnaire survey, and breast development were assessed through visual inspection and palpation. Adiposity rebound was determined according to Rolland-Cachera's method for each girl. Differences between early adiposity rebound and normal adiposity rebound groups were compared by using t test and χ2 test. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to explore the association between early adiposity rebound and breast development.@*Results@#The average age of participants was (8.90±0.87) years old and the BMI was (17.48±2.70) kg/m2. The average age at adiposity rebound was (6.16±0.90) years old and the BMI was (15.33±1.82) kg/m2. Premature breast development was found significantly higher in girls in early adiposity rebound group (27.8%, 54/802) than it in normal adiposity rebound group (13.7%) (P<0.001). After current adiposity, age, household economic status, childhood physical activity adjusted, the OR of premature beast development in early adiposity rebound group was 2.41(95%CI: 1.41-4.12).@*Conclusion@#Early adiposity rebound increases the risk of premature puberty in girls.

Research progress on surface modification of titanium and titanium alloys by ion implantation / 实用口腔医学杂志

Ionimplantationtechniqueisamethodthatprocessingthematerialsurfacesinordertochangetheirsurfacechemical,physical and mechanical properties in vacuum environment.Titanium and titanium alloys modified by different types of ions can change their surface properties and characteristics,thereby improving the osseointegration and antibacterial properties of titanium implant.This review summarizes the researches of titanium implant surface modified by different ions implanting.

Effects of Huoxue huayu decoction on expression of retinal glutamate transporter in acute ocular hypertension of rats / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Hypertension,ischemia and hypoxia induce the increase of glutamate level in eye tissue and furthermore produce excitatory damage and apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).At present,the study on the protection of traditional Chinese medicine on glutamate-induced retinal excitatory damage is lack.objective Present study was to explore the protective effects of Huoxue huayu decoction,a Chinese herbal recipe,on RGCs in acute ocular hypertension model. Methods Fony-five healthy clean Wistar rats were divided into three groups randomly.The acute ocular hypertension models were established in 40 Wistar rats by injecting the normal saline solution into the anterior chamber to elevate the intraocular pressure for 60 minutes.Huoxue huayu decoction of 4 ml was administered intragastrically once per day in 20 model rats.Other matched 5 normal Wistar rats served as normal control group.The rats were sacrificed on 1,3,7 and 14 days after modeling and the retinas were isolated for the histopathologieal and uhrastructure examination.Expression of glutamate transporter in the retina of acute ocular hypertension and normal rat retina were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.The utilization of animals followed the Association for Research in vision and Ophthalmology. Results After acute ocular hypertension.the retina thickness attenuated and the numbers of RGCs decreased under the light microscope in 1,3,7 and 14 days after modeling in comparison with normal control rats.The degradation of the organelle and edema as well as changes of cell nuclei were seen in model rats under the transmission electron microscopy.The expression of glutamate transporter mRNA in model group and glutamate transporter group was rapidly elevated in the first day (P<0.05),descended at the third days(P<0.01)and returned to the normal level 7 days later(P>0.05).Conclusion Huoxue huayu decoction can protect the retina against RGCs damage in the acute ocular hypertension by elevating the expression of glutamate transporters in retina.