Establishment of an assessment questionnaire of students visual protection health literacy for kindergarten, primary and secondary school teachers / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To development teacher health literacy on students visual protection questionnaire for kindergarten, primary and middle schools, and to provide a basis for quantitative assessment of visual protection health literacy of school teachers.@*Methods@#Based on official documents related to prevention and control of myopia as well as the integrated definition of health literacy of WHO Europe, the framework for technical evaluation was established. Totally 24 multi disciplinary experts in related fields conducted two round Delphi expert consultation. Evaluation items, questions and corresponding weights were determined based on experts opinions and scores.@*Results@#In two rounds of Delphi consultation, the response rates were 83.3% and 79.2% respectively, and the authority coefficient was 0.91. The final questionnaire was composed by dimensions of core knowledge of myopia, daily instruction, guidance for myopic behaviors, promotion of outdoor activities, and creation of teaching light environment, including 30 and 23 items for middle and primary school teachers and kindergarten teachers respectively. The coefficient of variation ( CV ) of the five dimensions ranged from 0.07 to 0.15, and that of each question ranged from 0.08 to 0.29. Expert opinions were accordant and credible.@*Conclusion@#A reliable questionnaire of teacher health literacy on students visual protection health literacy for school teachers is established, which can be used as the entry point and effectiveness evaluation basis for the school based intervention of myopia.

Uphold the original intention and practice the mission： 2022 Fudan university public health doctorate academic forum / 上海预防医学

The 2022 Fudan university doctorate academic public health forum hosted by the graduate school of Fudan university， the graduate work department of the party committee of Fudan university， and the school of public health of Fudan university was successfully held on December 10， 2022 in the school of public health of Fudan university. In the early stage， a total of 53 manuscripts from nationwide universities and research institutes were received， and 10 were selected as excellent papers to participate in the forum report. More than 100 teachers and students attended the forum. Focusing on the theme of " Adhering to the original ambition of scientific research to serve the country and practicing the mission of public health youth"， the major contents of the forums included excellent paper reports in the morning and round-table discussion in the afternoon. Experts and students conducted discussions and communications on prevention， control and management of public health emergencies. It is of great benefit for students to uphold the original intention，practice the mission and further improve public health research.

Electric screen time of urban preschoolers during and before COVID-19 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To determine the influencing factors of electronic screen time of urban preschoolers before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, so as to provide a scientific basis for the control of digital screen use and early prevention of myopia among preschoolers.@*Methods@#Using multi stage cluster random sampling method, a cross sectional survey of 8 244 kindergarten students in a district of Shanghai was implemented, through parent questionnaire collecting the time child spent on various electronic screens before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, estimated the weighting screen time, and emphatically analyzed the relationship between family electronic screen supervision behavior and preschoolers weighting screen time.@*Results@#The proportion of daily over use time on average of mobile phones, computers and TV/projection screens among the surveyed preschool children during COVID-19 was 30.52%, 51.40% and 56.82%, respectively. On school days before the epidemic, the proportion was 21.94%, 41.80% and 47.51% respectively. After controlling for primary covariates, parents frequent control of children s electronic screen use, parents guidance for electronic screen use were significantly associated with lower weighted screen refractive time ( OR =0.60-0.77, P < 0.05 ). The use of electronic screen when parents accompanied their children, the use of electronic screen time by parents but not strictly implemented were significantly associated with higher weighted screen refractive time and increased screen refractive time ( OR =1.18-1.80, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Urban preschoolers electronic screen time was high during and before COVID-19. In the control measures of preschool children s electronic screen time, attention should be paid to the management of electronic screen use within the family and parents role model.

Effect of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics and post-operative stress response in patients undergoing laparoscopic general anesthesia / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics and post-operative stress response in patients undergoing laparoscopic general anesthesia.Methods:From May 2018 to December 2018, 98 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic general anesthesia in the 903rd Hospital of PLA Joint Service Support Force were selected.They were divided into group D (50 cases) and group C (48 cases) according to random number table method.Group D continued to pump dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.2 μg·kg -1·h -1 10 min before induction of anesthesia until the operation was completed.After that, group C was given normal saline of equal volume.The time of pneumoperitoneum, operation anesthesia time and recovery of anesthesia, the levels of plasma adrenaline, norepinephrine and cortisol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) before administration (T0), at intubation (T1), at the beginning of pneumoperitoneum (T2), at extubation (T3) and at 5 min after extubation (T4) were compared between the two groups.The incidences of adverse reactions were observed in both two groups. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in pneumoperitoneum time, operation anesthesia time and anesthesia recovery time between the two groups (all P>0.05). The SBP, DBP and HR in group C were significantly higher than those in group T0 at T1-T3 (all P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in SBP, DBP and HR in group D (all P>0.05), and the SBP, DBP and HR in group C were significantly higher than those in group D (all P<0.05). The levels of adrenaline, norepinephrine and cortisol at T1-T4 in the two groups were significantly higher than those at T0 (all P<0.05), while the levels of adrenaline, norepinephrine and cortisol at T1-T4 in group D were significantly lower than those in group C (all P<0.05). The incidence of hypertension in group C[33.33%(14/48)] was significantly higher than that in group D[8.00%(4/50)] (χ 2=9.676, P<0.05). Conclusion:Continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine during laparoscopic general anesthesia can effectively enhance the hemodynamic stability of patients, reduce intraoperative stress response and reduce the incidence of intraoperative hypertension, which is worthy of clinical application.

Effect of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics and post-operative stress response in patients undergoing laparoscopic general anesthesia / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics and post-operative stress response in patients undergoing laparoscopic general anesthesia.@*Methods@#From May 2018 to December 2018, 98 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic general anesthesia in the 903rd Hospital of PLA Joint Service Support Force were selected.They were divided into group D (50 cases) and group C (48 cases) according to random number table method.Group D continued to pump dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.2 μg·kg-1·h-1 10 min before induction of anesthesia until the operation was completed.After that, group C was given normal saline of equal volume.The time of pneumoperitoneum, operation anesthesia time and recovery of anesthesia, the levels of plasma adrenaline, norepinephrine and cortisol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) before administration (T0), at intubation (T1), at the beginning of pneumoperitoneum (T2), at extubation (T3) and at 5 min after extubation (T4) were compared between the two groups.The incidences of adverse reactions were observed in both two groups.@*Results@#There were no statistically significant differences in pneumoperitoneum time, operation anesthesia time and anesthesia recovery time between the two groups (all P>0.05). The SBP, DBP and HR in group C were significantly higher than those in group T0 at T1-T3 (all P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in SBP, DBP and HR in group D (all P>0.05), and the SBP, DBP and HR in group C were significantly higher than those in group D (all P<0.05). The levels of adrenaline, norepinephrine and cortisol at T1-T4 in the two groups were significantly higher than those at T0 (all P<0.05), while the levels of adrenaline, norepinephrine and cortisol at T1-T4 in group D were significantly lower than those in group C (all P<0.05). The incidence of hypertension in group C[33.33%(14/48)] was significantly higher than that in group D[8.00%(4/50)] (χ2=9.676, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine during laparoscopic general anesthesia can effectively enhance the hemodynamic stability of patients, reduce intraoperative stress response and reduce the incidence of intraoperative hypertension, which is worthy of clinical application.

Advance in Dysosmia and the Early Neurodegenerative Diseases (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

There are a large amount of neural stem cells in the olfactory system which have an active proliferation, ongoing and direc-tional differentiation and migration in order to adapt to the changing environment. The clinical findings showed that the early stages of some neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease all presented dysosmia. In recent years, the relationship be-tween air pollution and dysosmia attracts public concerns. This article introduced some research progresses in this field.