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Objective To evaluate the effect of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) on the phenotypic transformation of the lumbar sympathetic ganglion (LSG) in the rats with diabetic neuropathic pain (PDN).Methods Twenty-four clean-grade healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2 months,weighing 180-220 g,were divided into 4 groups (n =6 each) according to the method of random number table:control group (group C),group PDN,group PRF,and PRF control group (group PC).The PDN model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60 mg/kg in anesthetized rats.Citrate-sodium citrate buffer 6 ml/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group C.Group PC only received radiofrequency needle puncture.PRF was performed on the right L3 LSG in group PRF.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) to yon Frey filament stimulation was measured before intraperitoneal injection (baseline,T0),before PRF and at 1,3,5,7 and 14 days after PRF.The rats were then sacrificed,and ipsilateral L3 LSGs were removed for determination of the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and vesicle glutamate transporter2 (VGLUT2) in LSGs (by double immunofluorescent staining) and for examination of pathological changes (with a light microscope).The number of neurons expressing VGLUT2 was counted.Results Compared with group C,the MWT was significantly decreased at T1-6,and the number of neurons expressing VGLUT2 was increased at T6 in PDN,PC and PRF groups (P＜0.05).Compared with PDN and PC groups,the MWT was significantly increased at T2-6,and the number of neurons expressing VGLUT2 was decreased at T6 in group PRF (P＜0.05).TH expression in LSGs was found,and no VGLUT2 expression in LSGs was observed in group C,the expression of TH and VGLUT2 in LSGs was found in the other three groups,especially in PDN and PC groups,and most of the neurons expressing VGLUT2 expressed TH simultaneously.Conclusion The mechanism by which PRF mitigates PDN is related to inhibiting the phenotypic transformation of LSGs in the rats.
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Objective To determine whether a periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) patient derived S.aureus is an appropriate candidate tool bacterium for studying the pathogenesis of S.aureus-induced PJI.Methods Whole genome sequencing data of ST1792 was obtained using the Illumina Hiseq platform of a Staphylocuccal.aureus(S.aureus) strain derived from a PJI prosthesis,and gene functional enrichment analysis based on gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database was performed.Besides,its biofilm formation ability in drainage fluid,synovial fluid and human plasmin were compared to that in experimental cultures,in order to determine differences in biofilm forming ability in different environment.In addition,based on Illumina Hiseq platform,transcriptome analysis of the S.aureus in the three types of fluid above was performed to determine its gene expression profile and functional enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes was conducted through the GO and KEGG database.Finally,adaptability in different human fluid of the S.aureus was analyzed with the transcriptome profile and biofilm formation data.Results The genome of ST1792 consisted of 2 718 coding sequences,including main virulence encoding genes and regulation related genes.Functional enrichment showed no sign of significant missing or major recombination in the bacterial genome.The biofilm mass in plasmin was much higher than that in synovial fluid,both significantly higher than the biofilm mass in TSB.But the biofilm mass in drainage fluid was not statistically different from that in TSB.This revealed that the bacterial biofilm phenotype was significantly altered in PJI human fluid.Transcriptomics sequencing revealed that a huge number of genes were differentially expressed in drainage fluid,synovial fluid and human plasmin compared to TSB.Functional enrichment revealed that the bacterial gene expression profile was different in PJI human fluids,which showed the sophisticated adaptation of the bacterium to human fluid environment.Conclusion As a clinical S.aureus isolated from a PJI patient,ST1792 presents distinct phenotypes and adaptations in vivo,so it is a proper candidate for future studies in the pathogenesis of S.aureus induced PJI.
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Objective Explore the value of anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)in predicting pregnant outcomes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients undergone assisted reproductive technology. Methods The study totally recruited 1697 patients who underwent the first in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)cycle in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from the January 2014 to December 2015. The patients were divided into two groups based on the age<35(n=758)and≥35 years old (n=939), compare the basic data and pregnant outcomes of controlled ovarian hyerstimulation. Spearman correlation method was conducted to analyze the relations between AMH and clinical outcomes. The logistic regression method and partial correlation analysis were used to judge the main factors which determine pregnancy outcomes by controlled the confounding factors. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC)was used to evaluate the predictive sensitivity and specificity of AMH. Results In the group of PCOS patient younger than 35 years, AMH were correlated with the number of antral follicles(r=0.388)and retrieved oocytes (r=0.235). When the effect of total dosage and starting dosage of gonadotropin were controlled, AMH was still significantly associated with the number of retrieved oocytes(P<0.05). AMH had no predictive value for the clinical pregnancy of PCOS patient younger than 35 years (area under ROC curve=0.481, P=0.768). In the group of PCOS patient≥35 years old, AMH were correlated with the number of antral follicles (r=0.450), retrieved oocytes (r=0.399), available embryo (r=0.336) and high quality embryo(r=0.235). When the effect of total dosage and starting dosage of gonadotropin were controlled, the correlations were still significant between those indexes(all P<0.05). AMH had no predictive value for the clinical pregnancy of PCOS patient≥35 years old(area under ROC curve=0.535, P=0.560). However, the clinical pregnancy rate of the group of PCOS patient≥35 years old was slightly higher than the control group (P=0.062). Conclusions AMH has no predictive value for the pregnancy outcome of PCOS patient. The pregnancy rate of PCOS patient≥35 years old is slightly higher than the younger group, because the PCOS patient may have better ovarian reserve.
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Objective To investigate the role of chemokine CXC-ligand 16 (CXCL16) in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the mice.Methods Twelve healthy male C57BL/6 mice and 12 CXCL16-knockout (CXCL16-KO) mice,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 20-30 g,were studied.The 12 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:C57BL/6 sham operation group (group C-S) and C57BL/6 I/R group (group C-I/R).The 12 CXCL16-KO mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:CXCL16-KO sham operation group (group KO-S) and CXCL16-KO I/R group (group KO-I/R).The right kidney was removed,and the left kidney was exposed,and the renal artery was then clamped for 45 min with atraumatic microclips followed by 24 h reperfusion to establish the model of renal I/R in anesthetized mice.Venous blood samples were taken at 24 h of reperfusion for determination of the serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations.The renal specimens were obtained at 24 h of reperfusion for microscopic examination of the pathological changes,and the damage to the renal tubules was scored.The number of myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive cells (MPO+ cells),F4/80+ cells and CD3+ cells in renal tissues was counted by immunohistochemistry.The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-1beta (IL-1β),IL-6,and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) mRNA in renal tissues was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.Results Compared with group C-S,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly increased,and the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in group C-I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group KO-S,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly increased,and the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in group KO-I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group C-I/R,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly decreased,and the expression of TNF-c,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly down-regulated in group KO-I/R (P＜0.05).Conclusion CXCL16 is involved in the pathophysiological process of renal I/R injury in the mice.
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Objective To evaluate the reliability, validity and feasibility of the Chinese version of SF-36 health survey questionaire in long-term survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A total of 85 long-term NPC survivors completed the Chinese version of SF-36 by either telephone or mail survey. Correlation analysis, reliability analysis and factor analysis were performed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The Chinese version of SF-36 was easy to complete. The split-half reliability was 0. 92 and the Cronbach's α coefficient among domains were all above 0. 70, which showed good reliability and discrimination capacity among domains. All the correlation coefficients between each item and its domain achieved or approached 0. 5, which were greater than those between the item and other domains. These results demonstrated that the Chinese version of SF-36 had good content validity and discriminatory validity. Six principal components were extracted from the scale, which could basically represent eight domains. The cumulative variance was 71.4%. Two common factors were extracted from the eight domains, which accounted for 73.3% of the variance. The Chinese version of SF-36 was able to detect differences in the quality of life between NPC patients and healthy populations. Conclusions The Chinese version of SF-36 has good feasibility, reliability and validity in evaluating the quality of life in long-term NPC survivors.
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Objective To analyze the effect of quality of life (QOL) on the prognosis of long-term survivors with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A total of 192 NPC patients treated between 1999 and 2000 and with tumor-free survival before July 2003 were enrolled in this study. All patients received QOL measurement between July and August in 2003. Measurement scales included Chinese SF-36 questionnaire and a checklist consisting of fourteen items about self-rating symptoms. The median follow-up time was 7.9S years (range 2.67-9.55 years). The effects of QOL, social demographic and clinical factors on prognosis were analyzed. Results Univariate analysis showed that QOL affected the tumor-free survival and overall survival. Multivariate analysis showed that hypomnesia was an independent prognostic factor of tumor-free survival, while trismus, headache and age were independent prognostic factors of overall survival. The younger and the better QOL had better prognosis. The other sociodemographic and clinical factors had no prognostic value. Conclusion QOL is an important factor affecting the prognosis of long-term survivors with NPC, and it should be routinely evaluated during the follow-up.