Diagnosis and treatment of pediatric cervical bronchogenic cyst / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment outcomes of children with cervical bronchogenic cysts. Methods:A retrospective study of 6 pediatric patients with bronchogenic cysts in the neck region treated in our hospital during 2014 to 2020 was performed. All children underwent complete resection of cervical mass under general anesthesia. Results:There were 6 children, aged from 1 to 5 years, with a median of 2.25 years. There were 3 males and 3 females. The lesions were located on the left neck in 3 cases, the midline neck in 2 cases and the right neck in 1 case. The clinical manifestations were painless mass in 5 cases and recurrent neck infection in 1 case. The size of the mass ranged from 2.1 to 7.5 cm. There was no characteristic clinical or imaging features of bronchogenic cysts. Misdiagnosed as lymphangioma in 3 cases, thyroglossal cyst in 2 cases and piriform fistula in 1 case. The follow-up ranged from 1.50 to 7.75 years, with a median of 4.13 years. All 6 children had no recurrence or complications. Conclusion:Although rare, bronchogenic cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cervical cystic masses in children. Surgery is the most effective way to treat cervical bronchogenic cyst, and histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosis.

The role and application prospect of cGAS-STING signaling pathway in tumor treatment / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Novel cancer immunotherapy can treat tumors through regulating innate immunity and adaptive immune system. cGMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a key regulator of innate immune response to both exogenous and endogenous DNA. After recognizing the cytoplasmic DNA, cGAS produces the second messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which subsequently combines with the adaptor STING (also known as MITA, MPYS and ERIS) to mediate innate immunity by inducing the production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have revealed that the cGAS/STING signaling pathway can be activated by tumor-derived DNA and by-products of genomic instability and affect the incidence and development of tumors, which plays a critical role in the natural antitumor immunity across cancer types and immune checkpoint blockade therapy. In this article, current understanding of cGAS/STING signaling pathway in tumors was summarized, the pivotal role in tumor immunity and radiotherapy was highlighted, and the potential targeted or alternative therapy of this signaling pathway was reviewed.

Preoperational nutritional status for the children with congenital heart disease and the influential factors / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the preoperational nutritional condition for the children with congenital heart disease,and to analyze the relevant factors.Methods:According to the standards of WHO,the Z-scores was used to assess the nutritional condition for the children,and the generational information questionnaire,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,Self-Rating Depression Scale and Parent Understanding Questionnaire were used to analyze the maternal factors.Results:Stunting,underweighting and wasting represented the poor nutritional conditions,which accounted for 28.6％,25.3％ and 25.3％,respectively.Maternal accurate perception and the psychological problems such as anxiety and depression were the main relevant factors.Conclusion:The poor nutritional condition for the congenital heart disease was serious.It is very important to improve the maternal accurate perception and to relieve the maternal psychological problems for changing the nutritional condition through appropriate health education and effective intervention.

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of parathyroid carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the diagnosis and surgical treatment of parathyroid carcinoma (PTC).@*METHOD@#Clinical data of 4 PTC cases were analyzed retrospectively. Four patients all had palpable neck mass. Calcium level was (3.25 +/- 0.53) mmol/L, and PTH level was (1210.25 +/- 528.72) ng/L. Frozen section established diagnosis in only one case. Routine histopathology combined with immunohistochemistry established the diagnosis in 3 patients. Parathyroidectomy and ipsilateral subtotal thyroidectomy was performed in 3 patients; endoscopic parathyroidectomy was performed in one patient.@*RESULT@#They were followed up for 8-60 months, Calcium level and PTH level were normal. No tumor recurrence and metastasis.@*CONCLUSION@#The diagnosis of PTC is difficult before operation. Routine blood examinations: blood calcium, blood PTH; Imaging examinations: ultrasonography, CT are helpful to diagnosis. Frozen biopsy is not satisfactory. An initial en bloc resection of tumor and adjacent structures contributes most to the prognosis.

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (with 51 cases of clinical analysis) / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the experience in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) with coexistent thyroid papillary carcinoma(PTC).@*METHOD@#Fifty-one cases of concomitant HT and PTC treated from February 2001 to 2008 October were retrospectively reviewed.@*RESULT@#Twenty-eight cases of patients underwent thyroid-associated antibody test,with 5 cases TG-Ab elevated and 15 cases TPO-Ab elevated. All 51 cases were detected with thyroid solid mass on B ultrasonography test,and twenty-two cases had evidence of calcification on B ultrasound preoperatively (43.14%), five cases were suspicious of malignancy. Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology prompted 2 cases of suspected cancer, 1 case highly suspected malignant. All patients underwent surgical treatment. In a follow-up for 8-100 months, 2 people were lost to follow-up,and the others had no recurrence or metastasis.@*CONCLUSION@#HT associated with thyroid nodules should be vigilant against malignant tendency. Preoperative combined thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab), antithyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), imaging examination and fine needle aspiration cytology, contribute to the diagnosis of PTC combined HT. Surgical procedure of combined HT with PTC is the effective treatment, and the principles of its surgical treatment may be in accordance with the principle of PTC. Surgical treatment is effective with good prognosis.