Efficacy and safety of vardenafil for men with erectile dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

Vardenafil is an oral, potent, highly selective phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor. It improves erectile function significantly regardless of the etiology and severity of erectile dysfunction (ED) or the age of the patients. Its onset time leading to successful intercourse is as short as 10 minutes after administered orally, and in most patients it works persistently. Adverse reactions are generally transient and mild to moderate in nature. So vardenafil is both effective and safe for men with ED.

How chronic prostatitis affects plasminogen activator system / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate how chronic prostatitis affects the expression and activity of the plasminogen activator (PA) system and relates to male infertility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-three normal fertile males and 80 chronic prostatitis patients (40 fertile and 40 infertile) were included in this research. SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fibrin overlay method were used to estimate the total PA, and tissue PA (tPA), urokinase type PA (uPA) in semen.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Total PA, tPA and uPA highly expressed in normal males, but decreased in the semen of the chronic prostatitis patients of both the fertile and infertile groups. However, there was no significant difference in total PA between the fertile and infertile patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chronic prostatitis reduces the secretory function and PA synthesis and secretion of the prostate, but the decrease of PA alone does not cause infertility. PA may be one of the tools for estimating the function of the prostate.</p>

Effect of surgical castration on risk factors for arteriosclerosis of patients with prostate cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the effect of castration on risk factors for arteriosclerosis of patients with prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty patients with primary regional prostate adenocarcinoma limited to the prostate theca were selected in this study. Serum levels of testosterone (T), free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), prostatic specific antigen (PSA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), apoprotein alpha(1) (APOalpha(1)) and apoprotein beta (APObeta), insulin, plasma fibrinopeptide A (FPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibrinogen were determined just prior to, 1 week and 1, 4 and 8 months after castration.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>T, FT and PSA decreased significantly 1 week after castration (21.12 +/- 15.11 ng/ml vs 383.9 +/- 62.6 ng/ml, P < 0.001; 4.08 +/- 3.29 pmol/L vs 34.11 +/- 11.59 pmol/L, P < 0.001; 14.34 +/- 7.77 ng/ml vs 23.51 +/- 6.57 ng/ml, P = 0.001, respectively) and continued to decrease until reaching their lowest levels 8 months after castration. DHEA and SHBG did not undergo any changes. TG, fasting insulin and glucose, 2-hour insulin and glucose levels were significantly elevated 1 month after castration (1.84 +/- 0.61 mmol/L vs 1.30 +/- 0.40 mmol/L, P < 0.05; 18.16 +/- 5.57 mU/L vs 9.47 +/- 3.81 mU/L, P < 0.05; 4.77 +/- 0.66 mmol/L vs 3.92 +/- 0.34 mmol/L, P < 0.05; 65.52 +/- 14.78 mU/L vs 36.94 +/- 17.12 mU/L, P < 0.01; 6.98 +/- 0.79 mmol/L vs 6.01 +/- 0.23 mmol/L, P = 0.001, respectively). TC, LDL-C, FPA and PAI-1 levels were elevated 4 months after castration (6.56 +/- 0.99 mmol/L vs 5.29 +/- 0.75 mmol/L, P < 0.01; 4.09 +/- 0.86 mmol/L vs 3.04 +/- 0.15 mmol/L, P < 0.01; 3.39 +/- 1.67 nmol/L vs 1.48 +/- 0.50 nmol/L, P < 0.01; 27.02 +/- 5.98 ng/ml vs 21.78 +/- 3.16 ng/ml, P < 0.05, respectively), continuing to increase after that point. Insulin sensitive index (ISI) decreased significantly 1 month after surgery (-4.42 +/- 0.36 vs -3.50 +/- 0.39, P < 0.001), and continued to decrease from that point forward. HDL-C, APOalpha(1), APObeta and fibrinogen remained at pre-operative levels. There was a negative linear correlation between FT and TG, TC, LDL-C, PAI-1, FPA, fasting insulin and glucose, 2-hour insulin and glucose (r = -0.311, -0.384, -0.385, -0.339, -0.353, -0.381, -0.303, -0.460 and -0.395, respectively; P < 0.05). A similar phenomenon occurred with T (r = -0.308, -0.309, -0.356, -0.320, -0.430, -0.453, -0.435, -0.483 and -0.512, respectively; P < 0.05). T and FT were positively associated with ISI (r = 0.555 and 0.501; P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>At 8 months follow-up of the study subjects, we found that lower androgen levels have adverse effects on lipid metabolism, coagulative function and insulin sensitivity, related to arteriosclerosis in men.</p>

Efficacy and safety of oral sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sildenafil (viagra ) on men with ED of various etiologies in China. Methods This study was a double blind, randomized (1∶3, placebo∶ sildenafil), placebo controlled, parallel group, multi center, flexible dose escalation study of sildenafil oral tablets (25, 50 and 100mg) taken over an 8 weeks period. A total of 628 subjects were screened and randomized. Results The primary efficacy variables (questions 3 and 4 from IIEF) revealed a statistically significant ( P

A pathogenic and immunologic study of chronic prostatitis / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the bacterial pathogenesis in chronic prostatitis. Methods The prostatic fluid of 132 patients was studied with "five glass"segmented lower urinary tract localization culture test and measurement of IgA and IgG levels.Some bacteria positive cases were treated with levofloxacin. Results 74 patients were bacteria positive in their prostates,32 had Staphylococcus aureus,17 with Staphylococcus epidermidis,10 cases had Escherichia coli and 15 with other bacteria IgG and IgA levels were significantly higher ( P =0.031 and P =0.036) in bacteria positive prostatic fluid than in bacteria negatives ones. Conclusions The positive rate of bacteria culture in the prosatic fluid of patients with chronic prostatitis was high (56.1%) and Gram positive bacterias were more common.These pathogens may come from the partners reproductive tract.The levels of IgA and IgG in prostatic fluid were correlated to the results of bacteria culture.

Genitourinary phenotype of androgen receptor knockout mice / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the genitourinar y phenotype in androgen receptor knockout (ARKO) mice. Methods Using Cre-lox technique, the female Flox-AR mice were crossed with male ACTB-Cre mice,and the genotype of their filial generations was confirmed by PCR .By screening,5 ARKO mice were generated as study subjects and 5 wild type mice served as controls.The genitourinary phenotypes of the 2 groups were compared.Th e anal genital distance and testis weight were measured;serum testosterone and e stradiol levels were assayed by ELISA. Results The anal genital distance in ARKO group was (0.5?0.1)cm,while it was (1.1?0.1)cm in wil d type group.The prostate,seminal vesicle, epididymis and spherical cavernous bo dy muscle were absent in ARKO group with the reduced testis weight of (0.006 ? 0.001)g;while those were normal with the testis weight of (0.086?0.002)g in w ild type group.The serum testosterone level in ARKO group was (0.056?0.045)nmol /L,and it was (0.843?0.736)nmol/L in wild type group.The serum estradiol level in ARKO group was (1390.1?294.3)pmol/L,and it was (786.2?150.8)pmol/L in wild type group.The differences were statistically significant between the 2 groups ( P

Palliative management of bone pain in patients with advanced prostate cancer / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the management of bone pain in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Methods Bone pain in eight prostate cancer patients were managed with analgesics(8 cases), bisphosphonates(4 cases), external beam irradiation(2 cases) and strontium 89(2 cases). Results After the palliative measures, 8 patients were free of afflictions for 1 to 14 months,7 patients being alive and 1 died of respiratory failure thereafter. Conclusions Bone pain is the most common complication of advanced prostate cancer and may have great impact on the life quality of patients. Various therapeutic modalities should be employed to palliate this disabling symptom.