Research progress of redifferentiation of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

The effect of 131I therapy for primary and metastatic lesions of thyroid carcinoma depends on the ability of iodine uptake.The loss or down-regulation of iodine-metabolizing genes represents dedifferentiation of DTC,which results in the disability to take up and accumulate 131I and eventually leads to radioiodine-refractory DTC (RR-DTC).The management of RR-DTC is extremely difficult and the prognosis is poor.It is important for the treatment and prognosis of RR-DTC to investigate the mechanism of redifferentiation.The up-regulation of thyroid iodine-metabolizing genes expression,inhibition of the changes in epigenetic modifications and intervention of the abnormal activation of signaling pathways are reviewed in this article.

Application of lymphatic mapping to recognize and protect parathyroid in thyroid carcinoma surgery by using carbon nanoparticles / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the role of carbon nanoparticles in the protection of parathyroid during thyroid carcinoma surgery.@*METHOD@#Seventy-two patients with thyroid carcinoma who had initial surgery were randomly divided into two groups: carbon nanoparticles group and the control group. Emulsion of carbon nanoparticles was injected into the thyroid gland of carbon nanoparticles group patients. After thirty minutes,the excision of thyroid carcinoma and VI group neck dissection were performed in carbon nanoparticles group patients, the control group directly underwent operation. The black stained tissue in the dissection specimen of carbon nanoparticles group was separated. The number of total lymph node,metastasis lymph node and parathyroid gland in the tissure black stained or not in two groups were counted respectively.@*RESULTS@#There were 312 lymph nodes in the black stained tissue of central compartment dissection specimen of carbon nanoparticles group. No parathyroid gland was found in the black stained tissue. Fifteen lymph nodes containing four parathyroid glands were found in the non black stained tissue in carbon nanoparticles group while there were 202 lymph nodes containing 13 parathyroid glands in the control group. There were statistical difference between the amount of lymph node in black stain tissue and the specimen of the control group. Parathyroid glands were not stained black,and no parathyroid gland was found in the black-stained tissue.@*CONCLUSION@#The carbon nanoparticles could be used to identify the lymph node and the parathyroid gland for protecting the parathyroid gland in thyroid surgery.

Free jejunum reconstruction and laryngeal preservation for squamous cell carcinoma in the pharyngoesophageal junction / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Try to use free jejunum flaps reconstruction and laryngeal preservation for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the pharyngoesophageal junction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirteen patients who underwent resections of SCC in the pharyngoesophageal junction with free jejunal interposition from August 2007 to December 2012 were reviewed. Of them, 8 had T3 lesions, 4 had T4 lesions, and one had radiation failure with rT2 lesion. Ten patients were treated with postoperative radiotherapy with a average dosage of 56 Gy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 3 year over all survival rate was 47.9% and disease-specific survival rate was 34.2%. The surgical complications occurred in 9 patients (9/13), including one death and one flap failure. Five patients (5/13) had permanent tracheal canulation, 10 patients (10/13) resumed oral feeding and all patients achieved reasonable speech.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Free jejunum interposition can be used to reconstruct surgical defect of SCC in the pharyngoesophageal junction, thus preserving the larynx and ensuring a better quality of life for the patients.</p>

A case report of giant cell tumor of larynx / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Giant cell tumor (GCT) is rare and it mainly occurred in male patients. A man of 65 years-old with progressive dyspnea has a 4 cm x 4 cm x 3 cm tumor mass under the right vocal fold originated from right-thyroid cartilage and the parapharyngeal space. The right false vocal was involved in the computed tomography (CT) imaging and laryngoscope. Microscopically, the tumors had an expansile, infiltrative growth and consisted of numerous multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells within a cellular stroma composed of plump and oval mononuclear cells. The patient underwent partial laryngectomy and has been followed up for 6 months without recurrence or metastasis.

Clinical analysis of primary thyroid B cell lymphoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of primary thyroid B cells lymphoma.@*METHOD@#Eight cases of primary thyroid B cells lymphoma were retrospectively analysed, which were combinely diagnosed and treated.@*RESULT@#Follow up was being for two to seven years. Three cases were loss of visit, one case died, and four cases survived. Two-year survival rate was 85.1%, and five-year survival rate was 76.3%.@*CONCLUSION@#A combination of various diagnostic and therapeutic methods of primary thyroid B cells lym-phoma can improve the diagnosis rate, reduce the misdiagnosis rate and improve the curative effect.

Treatment of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of head and neck (report of 4 cases) / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of traumatic pseudoaneurysm.@*METHOD@#We report 4 unusual cases of traumatic Pseudoaneurysms of the artery of head and neck. The data of the 4 cases was analysed retrospectively.@*RESULT@#Four patients were with history of trauma and traumatic pseudoaneurysm were diagnosed by CT and DSA. Two of them accepted interventional vascular therapy, the others accepted surgical operation. Both methods are safe and effective.@*CONCLUSION@#Traumatic pseudoaneurysms of the artery of head and neck are rare but potentially lethal. The diagnosis is not difficult. The interventional treatment should be the first choice if possible, while the surgical approach is another choice. Doctors should try to repair the arterial wall, to keep the artery patency and to decrease the unnecessary complications.