Comparation in outcome of long segment fusion versus short segment fusion for the treatment of adult degenerative scoliosis / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of decompression with long-segment (L) or short-segment (S) fusion on the outcomes of the surgical treatment for degenerative adult scoliosis (ADS) patiens.Methods A retrospective study on 32 patients treated in our department for ADS from April 2013 to May 2015 was carried out, including 12 male and 20 female (1 : 1.7).Their average age was 66.4 (range: 51-77 years).All patients underwent decompression and fusion surgeries through posterior approach.They were divided into long-segment fusion group (L) and short-segment fusion group (S) according to fusion range.During follow-ups (FU), clinical outcomes were assessed by means of visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI).Radiographic evaluation on full-length standing film included coronal Cobb's angle, distant between C7plumb line and center sacral vertical line (C7PL-CSVL), thoracic kyphosis (TK) angle, lumbar lordosis (LL) angle, pelvic incidence (PI), and pelvic tilt (PT), PI-LL, sagittal vertical axis(SVA).Postoperative complications were also recorded.Results All patients were followed up for average 2.2 years (range:1.5-3.5 years).No significant difference of age or gender was found between two groups (L: 22, S:10) of patients (P=0.066, 0.182).As for the fusion segments, group L (6.3±1.5) was more than group S (2.9±0.3) (P=0.001).Operation time and blood loss of group L were statistically more than group S (P＜0.05).Postoperative VAS sores of back pain and leg pain as well as ODI were all improved significantly in two groups (P＜0.05).At the final FU, back pain VAS was more in group L than in group S (P＜0.05) , but no significant difference was found in leg pain VAS between two groups (P＞0.05);at the final FU, group L's ODI showed better functional recovery than group S's[(12.8±9.3)％ vs.(25.4±11.4)％, P＜0.05].With no obvious difference in the two groups (P＞0.05), coronal Cobb's angle corrected more satisfactional in group L than group S (P＜0.05).The same situation was found in C7-CSVL correction in two goup in FU (P＜0.05).Sagital balance was restored to normal alignment better in group L than group S, with increase of lumbar lordosis after surgery.The overall incidence of postoperative complications was 31.3％, including wound infection, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, transient neurological symptoms and internal fixed rod breakage, more common in group L than group S.Conclusions Decompression and fusion with internal fixation showed good clinical outcomes in the treatment of ADS.Long-segment fusion yielded better coronal and sagittal correction outcomes with higher peri-operation risks;however, short-segment fusion showed higher safety with relatively inferior correction effect.Appropriate fusion mode should be chose according to the patient's deformity features.

Effect of Progressive Resistance Exercises Combined with Alendronate Sodium on Bone Mineral Density of Lumbar Spine in Patients with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To observe the effect of progressive resistance exercise combined with alendronate sodium on bone mineral density(BMD)of lumbar spine in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.Methods 20 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis were randomly divided into the A and B group with 10 cases in each group.The cases of the group A were treated with progressive resistance exercises combined with alendronate sodium.Those of the group B only took alendronate sodium orally.The course of two groups was 3 months.BMD of lumbar spine was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before and 3 months after treatment.Results Before treatment,BMD of two groups was not different.After 3 months treatment,BMD of lumbar spine were significantly improved in group A(raised 4.520±0.68%)than group B(raised 0.100±0.01%),there was a significant difference between two groups(P<0.01).Conclusion Progressive resistance exercises combined with alendronate is more efficacious than alendronate alone in restoring lumbar spine BMD in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Effects of posterior total laminectomy decompression and reduction with pedicle screws for lower cervical fracture and dislocation / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To evaluate the indications,efficacy and safety of posterior total laminectomy decompression and reduction with pedicle screws for lower cervical fracture and dislocation.[Method]From June 2005 to February 2008,41 patients with lower cervical fracture and dislocation received posterior total laminectomy decompression and reduction with pedicle screws.The patients(M=32,F=9)were 22-47 years old,with an average of 33.5 years old.There were 38 fresh and 3 old injuries.[Result]All the patients were operated on successfully without severe complications during perioperative period.Totally 252 (89%) screws were exactly implanted in the cervical pedicle.The everage surgery time was 3.1 h (2.5-4 h).The average blood loss during the operation was 460 ml (250-950 ml). The average time of follow-up was 27.5 months(24-36 months). All patients had satisfiactory reduction and no internal fixator failure.Thirty-two patients who were followed up for more than 24 months had complete fusion. The motor and sensory score (ASIA92) were improved significantly at 2 years follow-up(P

Effects of melatonin on some antioxidant enzymes and MDA in brain of global ischemic gerbils / 中国药理学通报

AIM To investigate the effects of melatonin (MT) on glutathione peroxidase(GPx), superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents in the cerebrum of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion gerbils, so as to explore the protective mechanisms of MT. METHODS Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was made by 10 min occlusion of bilateral carotid arteries of gerbil. MT was administered intraperitoneally 30 min prior to the onset of ischemia. After 1 h reperfusion, bilateral cortex and striatum were taken out for measurement of GPx, SOD and MDA. RESULTS Ischemia-reperfusion lowered the activities of GPx and SOD in cerebral cortex and striatum. Conversely, it elevated the contents of MDA in both areas. Treatment with MT at 5, 10, or 20 mg?kg -1 partly reversed these effects. CONCLUSION MT provides protective effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by protecting GPx and SOD activities and reducing the lipid peroxidation.

The establishment and identification of an anti-osteosarcoma anti-body and it′ s cytotoxic effect study / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

AIM To establish anti-osteosarcoma antibody producing hybridoma cell lines and to study the characterization of the monoclonal antibodies. Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with human osteosarcoma cells OS-9607 and the immunized spleen cells were fused with SP2/0 cells to raise hybridoma. The propert of antibody and it's cytotoxic effect were studied respectively with immunohistochemistry methods using OS-9607 and normal hepatocytes、 Western Blot methods and MTT method. Results A hybridoma cell line named 3D9 was established and it secreted high quality mAbs steadily. 3D9 cell had all the characteristics of hybridoma. The mAb's corresponding antigens was specifically and highly expressed in human osteosarcoma. With enzyme-labeled immunohistochemical staining on formaldehyde -fixed sections from human osteosarcoma,it was found that 83％ of the specimens expressed the corresponding antigen. Most of them were expressed on the nuclear of cells, no positive expression was observed in kinds of normal tissues. Western Blot showed 3D9's corresponding molecule weight is Mr54 000. MTT assay proved that the cytotoxicitis of effective groups were higher than control groups. Conclusion A high quality hybridoma is cultured and the mAb secreted by it has osteosarcoma specificity and obvious cytotoxic effect. It may be a new biochemical mark of osteosarcoma, and it's clinical prospect of immunotherapy will be wide.

Experimental research of sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils / 中国药理学通报

AIM To investigate the protective effect of sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate (?-OH) against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils and the neuroprotective mechanism of ?-OH. METHODS The occlusion of bilateral carotid arteries of gerbil was used to make the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models. Different doses of ?-OH were administered intraperitoneally 40 min prior to the onset of ischemia. After 10 min ischemia and 1 h reperfusion, bilateral hippocampus, cortex and striatum were taken out to measure ATPase, SOD and MDA. RESULTS The contents of MDA markedly elevated while Na +,K +-ATPase, Ca 2+ -ATPase and SOD activities decreased in hippocampus, cortex and striatum 1 h after ischemia-reperfusion. ?-OH administered prior to ischemia can partly reverse the elevation of MDA contents and the reduction of SOD activities. ?-OH given after ischemia can still provide partly protective effect. CONCLUSION ?-OH provides significant protective effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by protecting ATPase and SOD activities, deleting free radicals and reducing the lipid peroxidation.