Practical exploration on the Online Four-step Teaching of Encouraging and Sharing during COVID-19 period / 生理学报

The "Four-step Teaching of Encouraging and Sharing" is a learner-centered teaching method that advocates teamwork and gives full play to the role of the teacher in guiding learning. It is an innovative teaching approach to realize students' self-transcendence by stimulating students' internal motivation for independent learning, applying group task-driven learning, and giving teachers' feedback to students' sharing. It consists of four steps: teachers' guiding, students' self-regulated learning, team learning and practice, experience sharing. We have applied this method to the teaching practice of physiology and experimental physiological science with a significant impact on teaching effects. This teaching method has also been implemented to other courses in other majors. To solve the problems of reduced communication and interaction, low learning enthusiasm and motivation in online teaching course during COVID-19 pandemic, we recruited 21 undergraduates from different schools and majors. Using the "Tencent Meeting" platform, the authors tried to apply the whole process of the "Four-step Teaching of Encouraging and Sharing" to the online teaching of physiology. Group tests and questionnaires were used to evaluate teaching effects. The results showed that the implementation of the "Online Four-step Teaching of Encouraging and Sharing (OFST)" was feasible and effective, and to a certain extent alleviated the problems of loneliness and low learning motivation of students during online learning caused by home quarantine, which was particularly helpful for long-distance inter-school and inter-discipline team learning.

Preliminary Research of Immediate Graft Flow in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Using Bilateral Internal Mammary Artery / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To preliminarily analyze the graft flow of right internal mammary artery (RIMA) in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA). Methods: A total of 52 patients received CABG by BIMA in our hospital from 2015-12 to 2016-07 were studied. The patients were younger than 65 years at the mean age of (56.6±6.8) years including 46 male. According to conduit grafting to left anterior descending artery (LAD), the patients were divided into 2 groups: RIMA anastomosed to LAD group, n=42 and LIMA anastomosed to LAD group, n=10. The immediate graft flow was measured by Veri Q system, surgical outcomes and graft flows were compared between 2 groups. Results: There were no operative death in all 52 patients, 1 had poor wound healing and received debridement and suturing, no one had operative complication in left 51 patients. The average LAD bridge flow in both groups were (28.7±11.5) ml/min and (31.8± 11.7) ml/min, the mean pulsation index (PI) were (2.3±0.7) and (2.0±0.4), P>0.05; the average RIMA graft flow were (28.7±11.5) ml/min and (21.1±11.0) ml/min, the mean PI were (2.3±0.7) and (2.6±1.1), P>0.05. Conclusion: Flows in RIMA-LAD graft and LIMA-LAD graft were similar; the flow of RIMA anastomosed to other target vessel was satisfactory which was an ideal graft for CABG.