The association of sedentary lifestyles with cardiometabolic risk factors in children in Guangzhou / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To evaluate sedentary lifestyles after school in children aged 7 to 12 year-old living in Guangzhou, and to explore the association between sedentary behaviors after school with cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods Using the method of stratified cluster random sampling, this study recruited 7 to 12 year-old primary students (n=4 294) in Guangzhou. The physical examination and questionnaire were used to collect the sedentary lifestyles after school and cardiometabolic risk factors, analyzing the impact of different aedentary behavoir time after school on cardiometabolic risk factors. Results The average sedentary time after school per day were 194.3 min (boys: 200.3 min; girls: 187.3 min). Inter-quartile ranges of sedentary time after school per day were ≤130.0, 131.0-180.0, 181.0-240.0, and ≥241.0 min/d. Controlling for confounding factors, the odd ratios (OR) of central obesity, overweight/obesity, high TC status, high TG status and high LDL-C status in the highest compared to the lowest quartile of sedentary time after school per day were 1.39 (95%CI:1.08-1.80), 1.44 (95%CI:1.16-1.80), 1.26(95%CI:1.05-1.51), 1.63(95%CI:1.34-1.98), 1.28(95%CI:1.06-1.55), respectively. Conclusions Sedentary lifestyles have a positive relationship with childhood central obesity, overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia in primary school children. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen the intervention to the lifestyles of teenagers and reduce the sedentary behavior time of children and teenagers.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice and to explore the possible mechanisms .METHODS:Kunming mice (n=50) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10):normal saline control (NS) group, acute alcoholic hepatic injury model (E) group, low-dose (10μg/kg) DEX (E+L) group, medium-dose (50 μg/kg) DEX (E+M) group and high-dose (100 μg/kg) DEX (E+H) group.The animals were sacrificed at 6 h after gavage of alcohol or normal saline .The levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) , as-partate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dis-mutase ( SOD) were measured .The livers were removed for evaluation of histological characteristics and determining the content of tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) amd interleukin-1β( IL-1β) in the liver tissues by ELISA .The expression levels of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) and nuclear factor -κB (NF-κB) in the liver tissues were evaluated by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with NS group, the levels of ALT, AST and TG were obviously increased in E group , which were obviously decreased in E +M and E+H groups.Compared with NS group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1βand MDA were obviously increase in E group , which were obviously decreased in E +M and E+H groups.Compared with NS group, the activity of SOD and the content of GSH were obviously decreased in E group , which were obviously increased in E +M and E+H groups.Compared with NS group, the expression of CYP2E1 and NF-κB was obviously increase in E group , which was obviously decreased in E +M and E+H groups.Compared with NS group , ethanol induced marked liver histo- logical injury, which was less pronounced in E +M and E+H groups.CONCLUSION: DEX has a protective effect on mouse liver with acute alcoholic injury by the involvement in the processes of antioxidation and antiinflammation , and its mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of CYP 2E1 and NF-κB expression.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice and to explore the possible mechanisms .METHODS:Kunming mice (n=50) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10):normal saline control (NS) group, acute alcoholic hepatic injury model (E) group, low-dose (10μg/kg) DEX (E+L) group, medium-dose (50 μg/kg) DEX (E+M) group and high-dose (100 μg/kg) DEX (E+H) group.The animals were sacrificed at 6 h after gavage of alcohol or normal saline .The levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) , as-partate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dis-mutase ( SOD) were measured .The livers were removed for evaluation of histological characteristics and determining the content of tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) amd interleukin-1β( IL-1β) in the liver tissues by ELISA .The expression levels of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) and nuclear factor -κB (NF-κB) in the liver tissues were evaluated by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with NS group, the levels of ALT, AST and TG were obviously increased in E group , which were obviously decreased in E +M and E+H groups.Compared with NS group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1βand MDA were obviously increase in E group , which were obviously decreased in E +M and E+H groups.Compared with NS group, the activity of SOD and the content of GSH were obviously decreased in E group , which were obviously increased in E +M and E+H groups.Compared with NS group, the expression of CYP2E1 and NF-κB was obviously increase in E group , which was obviously decreased in E +M and E+H groups.Compared with NS group , ethanol induced marked liver histo- logical injury, which was less pronounced in E +M and E+H groups.CONCLUSION: DEX has a protective effect on mouse liver with acute alcoholic injury by the involvement in the processes of antioxidation and antiinflammation , and its mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of CYP 2E1 and NF-κB expression.

Relationship of job stressors,the coping styles and social supports among medical workers in primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou City / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship of job stressors,the coping styles and social supports among medical workers in primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou City. METHODS: A total of 211 medical workers from 168 primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou City were selected as study subjects by random sampling method. The relationship of job stressors,the coping styles and social supports were investigated by the Scale for Occupational Stressors in Clinical Medical Workers,the Ways of Coping Questionnaire and Social Support Questionnaire. RESULTS: The total scale score of job stressors was( 90. 5 ± 16. 7),medium level and above of stress scale( total score≥95. 0) accounted for 41. 2%( 87 /211). The median scores of positive coping dimension score and negative coping dimension score were 2. 0 and 1. 0,the total score of social support was( 41. 2 ± 9. 8). The medium level and above of social support scale( total score ≥32. 0)accounted for 86. 3%( 182 /211). The multiple stepwise regression analysis results showed that the clinicians and the parttime school doctors had higher job stress than those medical workers who were not majored in clinic and full-time school doctors( P < 0. 05). The medical workers with higher monthly income and higher score of social support showed higher job stress( P < 0. 05). The medical workers with higher social support had lower job stress( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: High job stress was found in the medical workers in primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou City. Positive coping styles and social supports has important role in relieving job stress of school medical workers.

Occupational stress among counselors in institutes of higher education in Guangdong Province / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the occupational stress status and its influence factors among counselors in institutes of higher education in Guangdong Province. METHODS: By clustering random sampling method,260 counselors from 9universities in Guangdong Province were chosen as study subjects. The sub-questionnaires of Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition,included the Occupational Role Questionnaire( ORQ),Personal Strain Questionnaire( PSQ) and the Personal Resources Questionnaire( PRQ) were used to investigate their occupational tasks,stress reaction and coping resources,respectively. The related influence factors were also analyzed. RESULTS: The total scores of ORQ and PSQ of counselors in universities of Guangdong Province were higher than the national norm( P < 0. 01),while the PRQ total score was lower than the national norm( P < 0. 01); the counselors who had over professional task accounted for 13. 85%( 36 /260); the counselors who had occupational stress reaction accounted for 15. 77%( 41 /260); the counselors who lacked the personal coping resource accounted for 16. 54%( 43 /260). The logistic regression analysis indicated that the counselors in non-medical colleges had higher risk of more occupational tasks than those in medical college( P < 0. 05);the counselors aged 30 years or above were more prone to lack of personal coping resource than those aged under 30 years( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: Compared with the general population,the university counselors in Guangdong Province have more professional task,higher degree of occupational stress and more shortage of personal coping resources. Therefore,some intervention measures aiming at the main influence factors should be carried out to relieve the occupational stress.

Pulmonary function of children with right lung middle lobe syndrome / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes of pulmonary function in children with right lung middle lobe syndrome before and after treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty children with right lung middle lobe syndrome were classified into two age groups: < or =4 years old and >4 years old. Pulmonary function was tested by the 2600-type and the MIR-type pulmonary function spirometry in the < or =4 years and the >4 years age groups, respectively before and after treatment. Terminal flows/peak expiratory flow (25/PF) and the percentage of tidal volume to peak tidal expiratory flow (% V-PF) were measured in the <4 years age group. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured in the >4 years age group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The values of 25/PF and %V-PF in the < or =4 years age group were 0.42+/-0.08 and 0.28+/-0.03, respectively before treatment. The values were improved after treatment (0.58+/-0.12 and 0.39+/-0.06 respectively) (P<0.05). The values of FVC, FEV1 and PEF were 1.75+/-0.32, 1.36+/-0.52 and 2.56+/-0.78, respectively in the >4 years age group before treatment. The values were also improved after treatment (2.37+/-0.78, 2.08+/-0.65 and 3.68+/-0.80 respectively) (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are significant differences in the pulmonary function before and after treatment in children with right lung middle lobe syndrome. The pulmonary function can return to normal after treatment.</p>