Dendrobii Caulis Mixture-containing Serum Protects Mice from Podocyte Injury Induced by High Glucose / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of Dendrobium mixture （DMix）-containing serum on high glucose-induced podocyte injury in mice. MethodThe MPC5 mouse glomerular podocytes were cultured in vitro， and the optimal glucose concentration for modeling， modeling time， and concentration of DMix-containing serum for administration were determined. The cells were classified into normal （5.5 mmol·L-1 glucose+10% blank serum）， model （30 mmol·L-1 glucose+10% blank serum）， DMix-containing serum （30 mmol·L-1 glucose+10% DMix-containing serum）， ferroptosis inhibitor （Fer-1， 30 mmol·L-1 glucose+10% blank serum+1 μmol·L-1 Fer-1） groups. The corresponding kits were used to measure the levels of Fe2+ and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） in cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to determine the content of glutathione （GSH） and lipid peroxide （LPO） in cells. Fluorescence probe was used to measure the reactive oxygen species （ROS） level. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were employed to determine the mRNA and protein levels， respectively， of Wilms' tumor-1 （WT-1）， desmin， long chain acyl-CoA synthase 4 （ACSL4）， and glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） in podocytes. ResultCompared with the blank group， the intervention with 30 mmol·L-1 glucose for 48 h reduced podocyte viability （P<0.01）， and the 10% DMix-containing serum showed the most significant improvement in podocyte viability （P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， the model group presented elevated levels of Fe2+， LDH， LPO， and ROS， lowered GSH level， up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of desmin and ACSL4， and down-regulated mRNA and protein levels of WT-1 and GPX4 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the DMix-containing serum lowered the Fe2+， LDH， LPO， and ROS levels， elevated the GSH level， down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of desmin and ACSL4， and up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of WT-1 and GPX4 in podocytes （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionDMix-containing serum exerts a protective effect on high glucose-induced podocyte injury by inhibiting ferroptosis.

Effect of Dendrobii Caulis Mixture on Cell Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis in Diabetic Rats with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1β Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Dendrobii Caulis mixture on cell inflammatory response and apoptosis in diabetic rat with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD） and its possible mechanism. MethodForty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank group and model group of type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM） with NAFLD according to body weight. The model was established by high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin（STZ）， which was randomly divided into the model group， Dendrobii Caulis mixture group（16.67 g·kg-1·d-1） and metformin group（100 mg·kg-1·d-1） according to blood glucose and body weight， and 10 rats in each group. Rats in each group were administered by continuous gavage for 4 weeks， the blank and model groups were given saline by gavage at 10 mL·kg-1·d-1. Fasting blood glucose（FBG）， serum insulin（INS）， glycosylated serum protein（GSP）， triglyceride（TG）， total cholesterol（TC）， high density lipoprotein（HDL-C）， low density lipoprotein（LDL-C）， alanine aminotransferase（ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase（AST） were detected in each group of rats. The liver tissues of rats in each group were stained with hematoxylin-eosin（HE） to observe the pathological changes， and the positive expressions of nuclear transcription factor（NF）-κB， NOD-like receptor heat protein structural domain-related protein 3（NLRP3）， interleukin（IL）-1β and tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α were observed by immunohistochemistry. Western blot and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma-2（Bcl-2）， Bcl-2 associated X protein（Bax）， Caspase-3 and NF-κB p65， NLRP3， IL-1β， TNF-α in liver tissue of rats in each group. ResultCompared with the blank group， FBG， GSP， TC， TG， LDL-C， AST and ALT levels were increased， INS and HDL-C levels were decreased， Bax， Caspase-3， NLRP3， IL-1β， TNF-α protein and mRNA expression were increased in model group， the ratio of p-NF-κB/NF-κB protein increased， the expression of Bcl-2 protein and mRNA decreased， and the positive immunohistochemical expression of NF-κB， NLRP3， IL-1β and TNF-α increased， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.01）. The morphological structure of the liver was disrupted， and obvious fat vacuoles were seen. Compared with the model group， FBG， GSP， TC， TG， LDL-C， AST and ALT levels of Dendrobii Caulis mixture group and metformin group were decreased， INS and HDL-C levels were increased， and protein and mRNA expressions of Bax， Caspase-3， NLRP3， IL-1β and TNF-α were decreased， the protein ratio of p-NF-κB/NF-κB decreased， the expression of Bcl-2 protein and mRNA increased， and the positive immunohistochemical expressions of NF-κB， NLRP3， IL-1β and TNF-α decreased， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.01）. The liver morphology and structure were relatively complete， and the fat vacuoles were reduced. ConclusionDendrobii Caulis mixture can inhibit cell apoptosis， reduce inflammatory response and alleviate liver injury in rats with T2DM and NAFLD， the mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of NF-κB pathway， blocking the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles， reducing IL-1β secretion， attenuating Caspase-3 activity and reducing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.

18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features of hepatic metastases in gastrointestinal stromal tumors / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To analyze the imaging features of hepatic metastases in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) on 18F-fluorodexyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Methods:Clinical and imaging data of 33 patients (18 males, 15 females, age 34-70 years) with hepatic metastases in GIST who underwent PET/CT examination between May 2013 and July 2019 in Fujian Cancer Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT early imaging, and nine of them underwent delayed imaging. Visual analysis was performed on the PET/CT images by comparing FDG uptake of hepatic lesions and liver background, and all lesions were classified as significant hypermetabolism, slightly higher metabolism and equal or lower metabolism. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) of primary GIST lesions and hepatic metastases were calculated and compared, and the relationship between them was analyzed. Wilcoxon rank sum test and Spearman rank correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. Results:Among 33 GIST patients, 9 patients had solitary hepatic metastasis, and 24 patients had multiple hepatic metastases (104 lesions). The diameter of metastases was 0.8-14.6(2.2(1.5, 3.9)) cm, and SUV max was 1.4-21.5(3.6(2.4, 5.7)). Of the 104 hepatic metastases, 94.2%(98/104) lesions had clear boundaries, 65.4%(68/104) lesions had uniform density (2 lesions with cystic density), 34.6%(36/104) lesions had uneven density in which hemorrhage, cystic change or necrosis could be found. On visual analysis of PET images, 38.5%(40/104) lesions were with significant hypermetabolism, 26.0%(27/104) were with slightly higher metabolism and 35.6%(37/104) were with equal or lower metabolism. In 24 patients with multiple hepatic metastases, 79.2%(19/24) showed different metabolic levels synchronously. Among 67 hypermetabolic metastases, 34.3%(23/67) were with homogeneous metabolism, of which 13 lesions with diameter<2.0 cm; 65.7%(44/67) were with heterogeneous metabolism, of which 36 lesions with diameter≥2.0 cm. There was a moderate correlation of SUV max between GIST primary tumors and hepatic metastases ( n=15; 9.2(6.8, 14.5) vs 3.8(2.1, 6.0), rs=0.556, P<0.01). The difference of SUV max between GIST primary tumors and hepatic metastases was statistically significant ( z=-5.098, P<0.01). In delayed imaging, 13/15 hepatic metastases with equal or lower metabolism changed to slightly higher metabolism. Conclusions:Hepatic metastases in GIST on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging usually have clear boundary, and often associate with cystic degeneration, hemorrhage or necrosis. The metabolic patterns of hepatic metastases in GIST are varied. Delayed PET/CT imaging is helpful for the diagnosis of hypometabolic hepatic metastases in GIST.

Effect of flipped classroom in functional experiment teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of flipped classroom in functional experiment teaching.Methods:A total of 86 medical students from 4 classes of Tongji University School of Medicine were selected as subjects. 44 students were randomly selected from 2 classes as experimental group using flipped classroom as teaching approach; 42 students were randomly selected from the other 2 classes as control group using traditional teaching method. The teaching effect was assessed by objective evaluation and subjective evaluation. SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis. The t-test was used for objective evaluation, and the chi-square test was used for subjective evaluation.Results:There were significant differences in the scores of experimental reports [(45.00±2.63) vs. (41.05±3.62), t=5.766, P<0.01] and experimental operation [(48.27±2.31) vs. (44.79±3.04), t=5.962, P<0.01] between the experimental group and the control group. The statistical analysis of subjective evaluation showed that compared with the control group, the experimental group had a significantly higher number of students who selected "helpful" or "very helpful" in improving self-learning ability, innovation ability, understanding of theoretical knowledge, and communication ability ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The teaching method of flipped classroom applied in medical functional experiments can improve students' operation ability, self-learning ability, innovation ability, and communication ability and deepen their understanding of theoretical knowledge.

Study on the Application of A New Type of Anhydrous Thoracic Negative Pressure Drainage Device in Patients after Thoracic Surgery / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#After general thoracic surgery, a chest tube is usually placed for closed drainage to expel gas accumulation in the thoracic cavity and fluid accumulation to promote lung re-expansion. It can also be observed whether there is active bleeding after the operation and whether there is a pulmonary leak. The conventional drainage of the chest cavity is connected with a water-sealed drainage bottle, and the patient condition is judged by observing the drainage situation and the fluctuation of the water column, which is a very classic method. However, the water-sealed bottle has the disadvantages of being easy to overturn and inconvenient to carry, which is not conducive to the early activities of patients. Under the concept of accelerated rehabilitation, our center applied a new type of anhydrous thorax negative pressure drainage device and achieved good results. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of a new type of anhydrous thoracic negative pressure drainage device in patients after thoracic surgery.@*METHODS@#Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent lung surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical College from January 2018 to December 2019, patients were divided into two groups. One group of patients used a traditional closed-chest drainage water-sealed bottle as a control group, and the other group used a new type of anhydrous negative-pressure drainage bottle as an experimental group. Patients' gender, age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking history, surgical incisions and surgical methods, and the length of hospital stay and postoperative hospital stay were calculated.@*RESULTS@#There were no statistical differences in age, gender, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, smoking history), scope of surgery, and duration of surgery between the two groups of patients, but there were statistical differences in surgical incisions between the two groups of patients (P=0.01). We found that patients using the new waterless negative pressure drainage device were shorter than patients with water negative pressure drainage device in terms of postoperative hospital stay and total hospitalization time, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.02, P=0.04).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The new type of anhydrous thoracic negative pressure drainage device has a good effect on the rapid recovery and advancement after thoracic surgery.

Rehabilitation nursing of a patient with pleural giant solitary fibroma with Doege-Potter syndrome / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical rehabilitation nursing practice of a patient with pleural giant solitary fibroma with Dege-Port syndrome. Methods A preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation nursing of a patient with low pulmonary function pleural giant solitary fibroma and non-islet cell hypoglycemia was analyzed and summarized. Results After psychological, hypoglycemia, and pulmonary rehabilitation, the patient was tolerant to surgery and recovered well after surgery. He was discharged from hospital on the 13th day after surgery. Conclusions For patients with difficult diagnosis, long-term pleural giant solitary fibroma with hypoglycemia and low lung function, psychological nursing, hypoglycemia symptomatic treatment, pulmonary rehabilitation to improve lung function, close observation and prevention of serious complications in patients It plays a vital role in the course of the disease and rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation nursing of a patient with pleural giant solitary fibroma with Doege-Potter syndrome / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To summarize the clinical rehabilitation nursing practice of a patient with pleural giant solitary fibroma with Dege-Port syndrome.@*Methods@#A preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation nursing of a patient with low pulmonary function pleural giant solitary fibroma and non-islet cell hypoglycemia was analyzed and summarized.@*Results@#After psychological, hypoglycemia, and pulmonary rehabilitation, the patient was tolerant to surgery and recovered well after surgery. He was discharged from hospital on the 13th day after surgery.@*Conclusions@#For patients with difficult diagnosis, long-term pleural giant solitary fibroma with hypoglycemia and low lung function, psychological nursing, hypoglycemia symptomatic treatment, pulmonary rehabilitation to improve lung function, close observation and prevention of serious complications in patients It plays a vital role in the course of the disease and rehabilitation.

The value of 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging in predicting the malignant potential of GIST / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in predicting the malignant potential of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST).@*Methods@#The clinical and pathological features of 31 patients with GIST confirmed by surgery or biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. The malignant potential of GIST before treatment was assessed by 18F-FDG PET-CT. The GIST risk classification was graded according to the Standard revised by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2008. The relationship between the maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) and GIST risk classification, tumor diameter, Ki-67 index, and mitotic count were analyzed respectively. The cut-off level of SUVmax for the diagnosis of malignant GIST was calculated from the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve.@*Results@#Among the 31 cases of GIST patients, 14 cases were gastric primary (stomach group) and 17 cases were nongastric primary (outside stomach group). The SUVmax, tumor diameter, Ki-67 index and mitotic count of the 31 patients were 8.21±4.68, (7.82±5.12)cm, (10.03±11.07)% and (12.29±10.55)/50 HPF, respectively. SUVmax was significantly correlated with GIST risk classification (r=0.727, P<0.01), but not with tumor diameter, Ki-67 index and mitotic count (r=0.348, r=0.284, r=0.290, P=0.055, P=0.121, P=0.114). The SUVmax, tumor diameter, Ki-67 index and mitotic count in the stomach group were 4.36±2.36, (6.08±4.31)cm, (3.43±3.03)% and (5.71±2.20)/50 HPF, respectively. SUVmax was significantly correlated with tumor diameter, GIST risk classification and Ki-67 index (r=0.682, r=0.868, r=0.732, P<0.01) but not with mitotic count (r=0.510, P=0.063). The SUVmax of the GIST in the gastric group and the outside gastric group were 4.36±2.36 and 10.68±5.50, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The SUVmax in the malignant group of GIST (middle or high risk grade) was 8.90±4.89, which was significantly higher than 2.22±0.86 in the benign group (low or very low risk grade). The difference was statistically significant between the two group (P<0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that a SUVmax cut-off of 3.75 was the most sensitive for predicting malignant GIST. When the area under the curve of 0.969, the sensitivity was 84.6% and the specificity was 100%.@*Conclusions@#The SUVmax was strongly correlated with the GIST risk category and also with the tumor diameter and Ki-67 index in the gastric primary GIST, so it can be used as an effective indicator in predicting malignant potential of GIST before treatment.

Comparison on the diagnostic values of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT in patients with suspicious recurrence of glioma after multimodal treatment / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To compare the diagnostic values of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT in patients with suspicious recurrence of glioma after multimodal treatment.Methods A total of 20 patients (13 males,7 females;age range:12-73 years) with glioma who underwent 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT due to abnormal enhancement on MRI from January 2012 to June 2015 were enrolled in this retrospective study.According to the pathological or follow-up results,patients were divided into therapy-related benign changes (TRBC) group and recurrent glioma group,the later was subdivided into initial low-grade glioma (LGG) group and initial high-grade glioma(HGG) group.T/NT ratios of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT between HGG (LGG) group and TRBC group were compared using one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference t test.ROC curve analysis was conducted to calculate the differential diagnostic efficiency of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT between TRBC and recurrent glioma.Results A total of 14 patients were proved as recurrent glioma and 6 patients as TRBC.The mean 18F-FDG T/NT ratios of HGG group,LGG group and TRBC group were 2.31±0.86,1.32±0.86 and 1.32±0.64,respectively.The 18F-FDG T/NT ratio of the HGG group was significantly higher than that of the TRBC group(F=3.671,t=-2.471,P＜0.05).The mean 18F-FLT T/NT ratios of HGG group,LGG group and TRBC group were 8.94±3.14,7.18±3.29 and 1.92±1.20,respectively (F=13.301,t values:-5.150 and-2.360,both P＜0.05).The optimal T/NT cutoff values for 18 F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT were 1.62 and 4.58,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of detecting recurrent glioma with optimal T/NT cutoff value were 11/14,5/6 and 16/20 for 18F-FDG PET/CT,and those for 18F-FLT PET/CT were 13/14,6/6 and 19/20,respectively.No significant difference was observed between the diagnostic efficiencies of the two imaging modalities (x2 values:1.167,1.091 and 2.057;all P＞0.05).Conclusion There were no statistical significances between 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT on the differential diagnosis of glioma recurrence.

Construction of integrative life science curriculum system based on early training professional competence for medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

TongJi University School of Medicine has performed teaching reforms in the early stage of medical students through curriculum integration of life science,the introduction of PBL,and designing of comprehensive experiments to achieve comprehensive professional competence of medical students.The results showed that the training system is beneficial to the cultivation of students' clinical thinking and early medical professional competence.It has been recognized by both students and faculty.Preliminary practice has proved to be successful.

Practice on developing students' thinking ability in physiological LBL / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Physiology experiment can effectively stimulate the enthusiasm of the students to explore the scientific truth by providing the opportunity to observe real physiological phenomena,analyze,discuss and solve practical problems.Lab-based learning (LBL) and theory teaching have complementary advantages,promoting each other and can maximize the use of teaching resources.During the process of physiological LBL,training of students' thinking ability by creating problem situation,inspiration and guidance,carrying out exploring experiments can develop students' intelligence,promote innovation,improve the teaching effect.

Experience of applying Micro-lectures in higher medical education / 基础医学与临床

The application of micro-lectures in higher medical education is still in a stage of exploration.The au-thors applied the micro-lectures with the traditional teaching method in the teaching of physiology, and conducted a questionnaire survey about it.In this article, the authors summarized the developing process, the students’attitude and the video production of micro-lectures, and compared the micro-lecture with traditional teaching method and MOOCS.At last, they gave some suggestions about application of micro-lectures in higher medical college.

Launching independent design in physiological experiments to promote innovative capability among students in medical school / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Thought and consciousness of experimental design were carried in the experimental teaching and the classical physiological experiments were merged. Innovational design and practice were penetrated through the whole experimental class. After consulting literature, designing experi-ments, observing the phenomenon, dealing with the data and summurizing the results, the designers experienced the basic research procedure, got the innovate results, gained the chance to further study and improved the innovative capability.

CT and CTA Diagnosis Of Intracranial Hemangiopericytoma / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose To investigate the CT and CTA findings of intracranial hemanigoperiocytoma. Materials and Methods The CT and CTA data of 7 cases of pathologically confirmed intracranial hemanigoperiocytoma were retrospectively reviewed. Results All the 7 cases were extra-axial and supratentorial location. Six were lobulated and 1 were oval in shape. Three were iso-density to the parenchyma and 4 were inhomogeneous with clear margins. Five had perifocal edema. On contrast scan, all showed homogeneous or inhomogeneous enhancement. Five had dilated tortuous vessels and 4 were identified as feeding artery inside or around the tumors. Conclusion The CT findings of intracranial hemanigoperiocytoma are similar to meningioma but CTA is helpful for the differential diagnosis.

Multi-groups controled study on the association of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric cancer and stomach diseases / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective: This multi-group case control study was performed to determine whether Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with gastric cancer and stomach diseases. Methods: Gastric cancer and stomach disease patients that were diagnosed pathologically between 1994 and 1996 years were divided into several case groups and control group, all histological specimens collected in gastric cancer high risk region of Shandong Province were used to measure exposure history. Results: After variables concerning age, sex and education were adjusted, odds ratios of chronic superficial gastritis in antrum, peptic ulcer disease and active degree of inflammation associated with H. pylori infection remained significant (OR was 2.072, 2.980, 2.086 respectively). Correlation analyses showed negative relationship between degree of stomach diseases and H. pylori infection(r=－0.217). Conclusion: The results support the hypothesis of a relationship between H. pylori infection and the development of chronic superficial gastritis in antrum, peptic ulcer disease and active degree of inflammation.

Observation on the Qualities of Ceftazidime for Injection Produced by Five Domestic and Foreign Pharmaceutical Factories / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To compare the quality of ceftazidime for injection among the domestic and imported products METHODS： The ceftazidime was observed and determined with respect to the property， color and clarity of the solution， insoluble particle， content of pyridine， polymer of ceftazidime and marked content of ceftazidime RESULTS： There were some differences in above－ mentioned parameters among products of different factories， however， the parameters were within the range of standard CONCLUSION： The quality of domestic products is reliable and comparable to that of imported ones