RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer after prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve cases of prostate cancer after prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia were reviewed and studied. The mean intervals between prostatectomy for BPH and the diagnosis of prostate cancer was 10 months to 14 years, 5.6 years on average. The main symptoms were dysuria, hematuria and pain. Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was elevated in 11 cases. Digital rectal examination (DRE) was abnormal in 8 cases. Three cases were in clinical stage B, 3 in stage C and 6 in stage D. Ten cases received combined androgen blockade therapy. Monotherapy with surgical castration was given to 2 cases. Three patients with urinary tract obstruction received additional treatment of TURP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the 4 months to 8 years follow-up, 3 patients died, 6 remained stable and 2 deteriorated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Surgery for BPH could not prevent the development of prostate cancer. PSA and DRE were the main methods for the diagnosis of this prostate cancer.</p>