Application of typical tasks-based mind mapping in nursing teaching for children with autism spectrum disorder / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application of typical tasks-based mind mapping in nursing teaching for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Methods:A total of 102 nursing students who were involved in the nursing of children with ASD in Hunan Children's Hospital were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to the teaching methods. Fifty-one students in the control group were provided with conventional teaching, while 51 students in the observation group were provided with typical tasks-based mind mapping teaching. The students in the two groups were assessed for performance, self-directed learning ability score, and overall literacy at completion of the nursing course. SPSS 22.0 was used for the t test. Results:The scores of theoretical examination[(92.34±4.07) vs. (89.92±3.61)], nursing note writing[(91.07±3.84) vs. (88.60±3.59)], and operational examination[(90.47±2.98) vs. (88.52±2.73)] were significantly higher among students in the observation group than among those in the control group ( P<0.05); after the internship, students in the two groups had significantly increased scores in interpersonal relationships, learning awareness, learning strategies, learning behaviors, and learning evaluation, and the observation group had better performance than the control group in the above indices ( P<0.05); after the internship, students in the two groups had significantly increased scores in problem solving, interpersonal communication, critical thinking, and self-leadership, and the observation group had better performance than the control group in the above indices ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The application of typical tasks-based mind mapping in nursing teaching for children with ASD can improve nursing students' academic performance, enhance their self-directed learning, and improve their overall literacy.

Clinical report and genetic analysis of a child with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome type 3 due to compound heterozygous variants of RNASEH2C gene / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of a child with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome 3 (AGS3).@*METHODS@#Trio whole exome sequencing was carried out for the child and his parents, and candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. To further clarify their pathogenicity, the crystal structure of the variants was simulated and analyzed, and the plasmid of variants was expressed in vitro. A literature search was also carried out to summarize the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of AGS3.@*RESULTS@#The child was found to harbor novel compound heterozygous variants of the RNASEH2C gene, namely c.434G>T (p.Arg145Leu) and c.494G>C (p.Ter165Ser), which were inherited from his mother and father, respectively. Analysis of protein crystal structure suggested that the c.434G>T (p.Arg145Leu) variant may affect the stability of local structure, and in vitro experiments showed that this variant can lead to protein degradation. The c.494G>C (p.Ter165Ser) variant has destroyed the stop codon, resulting in prolonged variant.@*CONCLUSION@#The novel compound heterozygous variants of the RNASEH2C gene probably underlay the AGS3 in this child, which has enriched the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of this disorder.

Construction of Δ0948 complementary strain of Streptococcus suis 2 and its effect on hemolysin secretion and virulence / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To construct Streptococcus suis type 2 Δ0948 complementary strain and verify its effect on suilysin (SLY) secretion and virulence. Methods:The SSU05_0948 gene sequence with promoter was amplified by PCR and ligated to pAT18 vector to construct complementary strain and verify its expression through Western blot. Growth curve was drawn to compare the growth of complementary strain against the wild-type strain and mutant strain in different periods. CD1 mice challenge model was used to verify whether complementary strain could restore the virulence of mutant. SLY hemolytic activity and Western blot were compared the effect of complementary strain and wild-type strain and mutant strain on SLY protein secretion at different time points.Results:The complementary strain was successfully constructed, but the expression of SSU05_0948 was lower than the wild-type strain. The growth rate of the complementary strain was significantly slower than the wild-type strain and mutant strain in the logarithmic growth phase, but the same in the platform phase. The CD1 mice challenge model showed the complementary strain could basically restore the virulence of the mutant strain. The hemolytic activity of SLY and Western blot showed that SSU05_0948 could inhibit the secretion of SLY protein in the early and middle logarithmic phase, but did not affect the secretion of SLY in the late logarithmic and platform phase, while the complementary strain could restore the secretion of SLY protein.Conclusions:The complementary strain CΔ0948 of Streptococcus suis can restore the virulence of mutant strain Δ0948, and SSU05_0948 affects the virulence of Δ0948, which provides a new idea for the prevention and treatment of Streptococcus suis.

Construction of plasmids for differential expression of green fluorescent protein based on different transcription efficiency of IRES / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To construct four retroviral plasmids for differential expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) based on different terminal sequences of internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and provide reference for subsequent flow analysis or imaging.Methods:Based on the fact that the transcription efficiency of encephalomyocarditis virus IRES depends on its terminal sequence, IRES and enhanced GFP (EGFP) were fused into four fragments with different connection modes by overlapping PCR, and then cloned into retroviral plasmid pMSCV-NGFR. NGFR fragment was amplified by PCR and inserted in front of the retroviral plasmids pMSCV-IRES(1-4)-EGFP. These retrovirus plasmids pMSCV-NGFR-IRES(1-4)-EGFP were transfected into 293T cells. The expression ratio and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of EGFP were analyzed, and the expression of NGFR was also detected.Results:Four retroviral plasmids pMSCV-NGFR-IRES(1-4)-EGFP were successfully constructed. No significant difference in the expression efficiency of EGFP at 24 or 48 h was observed in 293T cells transfected with the four different retroviral plasmids, but there was significant difference in fluorescence intensity. Moreover, the expression of NGFR was not significantly different, indicating that the addition of different nucleotide sequences between IRES and EGFP would make a significant difference in the fluorescence intensity of EGFP.Conclusions:The expression intensity of EGFP was affected by the sequence between IRES and EGFP. Retroviral plasmids expressing EGFP of different intensity could meet different experimental requirements.

Molecular mechanism of β-1, 4-galactosyltransferase 6 in regulating lymphocyte migration / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the molecular mechanism of β-1, 4-galactosyltransferase 6 (β4galt6) in regulating lymphocyte migration under inflammatory conditions.Methods:CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to knock out the β4galt6 gene of mouse islet vascular endothelial cells (MS1). Adhesion assay was performed to compare the adhesion ability of lymphocytes to wild-type cells and gene knockout cells. Expression of adhesion molecules on the surface of wild-type cells and gene knockout cells were compared using RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Transwell model was used to compare the transmigration ability of lymphocytes across wild-type cells and gene knockout cells.Results:The β4galt6 gene knockout cell line, β4galt6 KO, was successfully constructed. The percentage of lymphocytes adhereing to wild-type MS1 cells was significantly higher than that to β4galt6 KO cells under inflammatory conditions. The expression of adhesion molecules including intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) and P-selectin on the surface of wild-type MS1 cells was significantly higher than that on β4galt6 KO cells. Moreover, the percentage of lymphocytes passing through wild-type MS1 cells was significantly higher than that through β4galt6 KO cells.Conclusion:Under inflammatory conditions, β4galt6 could promote the migration of lymphocytes.

Function of gene 0267 of Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33 / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the function of gene 0267 of Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33. Methods:Growth rates of the wild type strain Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33, the mutant stain Δ0267 and the complemented strain CΔ0267 at different stages were compared. Bacterial adhesion, whole blood killing and macrophage phagocytosis assays were used to compare the adhesion and anti-phagocytosis of these strains to host cells. A piglet model was used to evaluate their differences in virulence. Results:The growth rates of the wild type strain, the mutant strain and the complemented strain were the same. The adhesion rates of the wild type strain and the complemented strain to A549 cells, Hep2 cells and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) were 2.59, 4.87 and 3.08 times, and 2.65, 4.65 and 2.86 times higher than those of the mutant strain, respectively. The survival rates at 1 h, 2 h and 3 h of the wild type strain, the mutant strain and the complemented strain in whole blood were 36.91%, 28.12% and 41.61%, 58.44%, 44.06% and 58.26%, and 93.02%, 70.08% and 95.85%, respectively. Results of the phagocytosis assay showed that the bacterial loads of the wild type strain, the mutant strain and the complemented strain in murine RAW264.7 macrophages were 2 767, 5 322 and 2 567, respectively. The competitive infection experiment using piglets showed that gene 0267 was associated with the virulence of Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33. Conclusions:Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33 gene 0267 is associated with bacterial adhesion and anti-phagocytosis, suggesting that it is a new virulence factor.

Training the swallowing and respiration of preterm infants / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of swallowing training combined with respiratory intervention on the swallowing function and early neurodevelopment of preterm infants.Methods:Sixty-two preterm infants in neonatal intensive care were randomly divided into a study group of 30 and a control group of 32. All received routine treatment and nursing care plus touching, but the study group was additionally provided with swallowing and respiratory training. The duration of gastric tube use was observed, and a 20-item neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) was administered at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age.Results:The average period of gastric intubation in the study group [(56.27±22.26) days] was significantly shorter than the control group′s average [(68.97±23.96) days]. The study group′s average NBNA score was significantly higher. Moreover, the NBNA scores were significantly negatively correlated with the intubation times.Conclusions:Swallowing training combined with respiratory intervention can improve the swallowing function of preterm infants, shorten the time a gastric tube is needed, and improve their early neurodevelopment.

Detection of mecA gene and drug-resistance analysis / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To determine whether coagulase-negative non-epidermal staphylococcus is methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus by mecA gene test,when the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of oxacillin is between 0.5-2.0 mg/L.Methods The mecA gene was detected and analyzed by the cefoxitin disk diffusion,E-test,VITEK-2 Compact and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)purification.Results A total of 300 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci were screened from 4032 patients(7.4％),of which 45 strains of Staphylococcus saprophyticus and 80 strains of Staphylococcus hemolyticus were identified by Compact VITEK-2.There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate of mecA gene detection between Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Staphylococcus hemolyticus(P ＜0.05).The results of detection of cefoxitin disk diffusion(inhibitory zone diameter ≥ 25 mm),E-test(MIC of oxacillin between 0.5-2.0 mg/L)and Compact VITEK-2 (MIC of oxacillin between 0.5-2.0 mg/L)showed that there were 81 strains of coagulase-negative non-Staphylococci,of which 10 strains with positive mecA gene were confirmed by PCR.Conclusions When the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)of oxacillin against coagulase-negative non-Staphylococci stains is between 0.5-2.0 mg/L,the guidelines of the American clinical laboratory standardization institute(CLSI)should be strictly implemented in clinical microbiology laboratory and the mecA gene must be tested.Based on the wide dissemination of the mecA gene in Staphylococcus aureus population,if the mecA gene test is negative,it is reported as methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MSCNS),and the reverse result is reported as methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus(MRCNS).

Expression and receptor binding characteristics of porcine P6 genotype rotavirus GST-VP8*-Z84 protein / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#The gene engineering technique was used to express the P[6] genotype rotavirus (rotaviruses, RVs) GST-VP8*-Z84 protein from pigs, and the binding characteristics of the protein to oligosaccharide and salivary receptor were studied.@*Methods@#The GST-VP8*-Z84 protein was purified by GST Escherichia coli expression system and affinity chromatography using porcine P[6]. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) saliva binding test and oligosaccharide binding test were used to analyze the binding characteristics of the genotype to receptors.@*Results@#Porcine P[6] GST-VP8*-Z84 protein bound well to mucin core 2.@*Conclusions@#The potential receptor of P[6] RV may be the core of mucin, which may provide the experimental basis and theoretical basis for the mechanism of rotavirus and receptor interaction and the development of RV vaccine and highly effective therapeutic drugs.

Role of carboxypeptidase E in promoting the migration of lymphocytes through vascular endothelial cells / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To study the mechanism of carboxypeptidase E ( CPE ) in promoting the migration of lymphocytes and their subsets through vascular endothelial cells. Methods CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to prepare cpe gene-knockout MS1 (Cpe-/-MS1) cells. Adhesion ability of lymphocytes to MS1 and Cpe-/-MS1 cells was analyzed with adhesion assay. Expression of adhesion molecules on these cells were detected by RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Transwell model was used to compare the difference in the transmigration of lymphocytes and their subsets through MS1 and Cpe-/-MS1 cells. Results Cpe-/-MS1 cells were successfully obtained. Under the stimulation of TNF-α, the adhesion ability of lymphocytes to MS1 cells was much better than that of Cpe-/-MS1 cells. Moreover, adhesion molecules expressed on MS1 cells were significantly more than those on Cpe-/-MS1 cells. The percentages of lymphocytes and their sub-sets that transmigrated through MS1 cells were significantly higher than those through Cpe-/-MS1 cells. Con-clusion CPE involved in the adhesion of lymphocytes to vascular endothelial cells and the transmigration of them through vascular endothelial cells, which was of great significance for understanding the migration of lymphocytes across vascular endothelial cells to peripheral lymph nodes.

Construction and pathogenicity of mutant strain ATP binding cassette transporter SSU05_0948 of Streptococcus suis type 2 / 中华传染病杂志

Objective@#To construct the mutant strain ATP binding cassette transporter SSU05_0948 of Streptococcus suis type 2 and comprehensively study its pathogenicity, and to provide useful insights for understanding the mechanism that Streptococcus suis avoid host innate immunity. @*Methods@#The mutant strain 05ZYH33Δ0948 was constructed through homologous recombination technology. The differences between the mutant strain and the wild type strain were evaluated through bacterial adhesion, whole blood killing, mice meningitis assay, mice and piglets virulence assay. Chi-square test and t test were used. @*Results@#Successfully constructed the mutant strain 05ZYH33Δ0948. The adhesion results showed that the adhesion rate (0.663±0.047)% of the wild strain to A549 cell was significantly higher than that of the mutant (0.246±0.074)%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.267, P=0.014); the adhesion rate (16.540±2.320)% of the wild strain to Hep2 cell was significantly higher than that of the mutant (1.970±0.320)%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=0.014, P<0.01); the adhesion rate (5.497±0.174)% of the wild strain to Hep2 cell was significantly higher than that of the mutant (1.950±0.335)%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=0.016, P<0.01). The killing rate (32.970±3.589)% of the wild strain in whole blood is no difference with the mutant (29.560±3.737)% (χ2=1.200, P=0.133). Piglets competitive infection showed that, the competitive index at 12 h, 24 h and 36 h were 0.046±0.003, 0.107±0.003, 0.064±0.001, respectively. 12 h and 24 h was significant differences(t=15.490, P=0.041), 24 h and 36 h was significant differences(t=5.660, P=0.047), 12 h and 36 h was no differences(t=1.445, P=0.285). @*Conclusions@#Streptococcus suis type 2 ABC transporter SSU05_0948 is a new adhesion factor and virulence factor of Streptococcus suistype 2, and also a new meningitis factor, which plays important roles in Streptococcus suis against host innate immunity.

The expression and purification of VP8* core protein of the rotavirus P 6 Genotype LL4260 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#The VP8* core protein of rotavirus P[6] genotype LL4260 was purified by prokaryotic expression, which is important for further study of protein structure and function.@*Methods@#The P[6] genotype LL4260 strain was obtained by PCR.The recombinant plasmid pET30 a-LL4260VP8*core was inserted into pET30 a vector and transformed into BL21 (DE3) competent cells with the correct recombinant plasmid. The expressed protein is purified by affinity chromatography and molecular sieve chromatography.@*Results@#The pET30 a-LL4260VP8* core region protein is soluble in the supernatant and proteins of approximately 22 kDa are identified by electrophoresis using purified proteins.@*Conclusions@#In this study, LL4260 containing pET30 a-LL4260VP8* core plasmid was successfully constructed and LL4260 strain VP8* protein was expressed.

Function of gene 0955 in Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33 / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To study the function of gene 0955 in Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33. Methods Growth condition of wild-type, mutant and complemented strains of Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33 was compared at different stages. Differences in adhesion ability to host cells and anti-phagocyto-sis among these strains were compared by using bacterial adhesion test and analyzing their survival rates in blood. Mouse and piglet models were used to evaluate their virulence. Results The growth of the mutant and the complemented strains was slightly slower than that of the wild type strains in logarithmic growth phase, but no significant difference was found in plateau phase. Bacterial adhesion test showed that gene 0955 might encode a new adhesion factor of Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33. Blood bactericidal test sug-gested that gene 0955 was not associated with anti-phygocytosis. Animal experiments showed that gene 0955 might be a novel virulence gene of Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33. Conclusion Gene 0955 might en-code a novel adhesion factor and virulence factor of Streptococcus suis type 2 98HAH33.

Mechanism of platelet aggregation induced by Streptococcus suis serotype 2 muramidase-released pro-tein (MRP) / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To study the mechanism of platelet aggregation induced by Streptococcus suis serotype 2 muramidase-released protein (MRP) and to provide scientific proof and theoretical basis for clinical treatment of patients with Streptococcus suis infection. Methods Nickel column affinity chromatogra-phy was used to purify recombinant proteins of MRP-N and MRP-C. Platelet aggregometer, thromboelastog-raphy (TEG) and scanning electron microscope were used to observe the platelet aggregation induced by MRP. Results Streptococcus suis 2 wild type strain,but not the mutant strain ΔMRP,could induce platelet aggregation. It was MRP-N but not MRP-C that induced platelet aggregation. GPRP,an inhibitor of β2inte-grin receptor,could significantly inhibit the platelet aggregation induced by MRP. Conclusion Streptococ-cus suis 2 MRP induces platelet aggregation through β2integrin receptor pathway.

The distribution of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii in older adults / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To study the main types and their distribution of molecular typing of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB)in Beijing.Methods Seventy-eight non-repeated CRAB strains were isolated and collected from patients aged over 60 years in hospitals in Beijing from 2010 to 2014.The drug susceptibilities of 11 antimicrobial agents were tested by microdilution method.A modified Hodge assay was used to preliminarily screen the carbapenemases.A multiplex PCR assay was used for detection of the carbapenemases genes:OXA-23-like,OXA-24-like,OXA-51-like,OXA-58-like,IMP-1,and VIM-2 of Acinetobacter baumannii.We also detected the insertion sequence IsAbal of OXA-23-like and OXA-51-like,and the preliminary classification of homology of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB)was conducted by 3LST technique.According to the drug susceptibility,carbapenemases gene typing,3LST primary screen,and hospital distribution,22 strains were selected to conduct MLST classification.Results The test of OXA enzyme gene in 78 strains of CRAB showed that all the strains(100％)carried oxa-51-like,and 74/78 strains(94.8％)carried oxa-23-like.Additionally,all products of ISAbal-oxa-23 were positive in OXA-23-like positive strains.In the examined five β-lactamase genes,74 strains(94.8％)showed positive AmpC gene;50 strains (64.1％) showed positive TEM-1 gene;5 strains (6.4％) showed positive PER-1 gene;48 strains(61.5％)showed positive genes of TEM-1 and AmpC and 3 strains showed positive genes of TEM-1,Amp C,and PER-1.By using 3LST technique for preliminary classification,we found 74 strains were in type Ⅰ of group types belonging to the European Ⅱ cloning spectrum.Of the six ST types found in MLST classification,the ST195,ST208,ST218 and ST368 belonged to the clone complex 92(CC92);the ST103 and ST500 were two newly discovered types in Chinese population.Conclusions CC92 clone cluster is the major epidemic strain of CRAB in Beijing,which belongs to the classic European Ⅱ cloning spectrum,and its insertion sequence,Abalinduced OXA-23-like carbapenemases is the major molecular of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB) in Beijing.Both AmpC and TEM-type 1 β-lactamase genes are detected to be positive in most of strains.The newly discovered two types are mainly CC103 clone complex.

Embolization of unruptured intracranial aneurysms combined with brain arteriovenous malformations / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To explore the value of interventional therapy in unruptured intracranial aneurysms combined with brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM).Methods Data of 23 patients with unruptured aneurysms combined with BAVM were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with interventional embolization,and the embolization methods were choosen according to the Redekop classification.The proximal or distal hemodynamic aneurysms were embolized with coils,and the intranidal aneurysms were embolized with Onyx.The outcome was assessed by the Glasgow outcome score (GOS) one week after treatment.DSA scan was used to observe whether there was recurrence during 3-6 months after embolization.Results Totally there were 36 aneurysms in 23 patients,including 8 intranidal aneurysms,16 proximal flow-related aneurysms,11 distal flow-related aneurysms and 1 unrelated aneurysm.Embolizations of 16 proximal hemodynamic aneurysms and l0 distal hemodynamic aneurysms were done with coils.And embolization of 8 intranidal aneurysms were done with Onyx.One distal hemodynamic aneurysm was not embolized due to the difficulty of embolization and the regular shap of aneurysm;and the patient died of cerebral hernia caused by intracranial hemorrhage on the sixth day after embolization.Because it was more suitable for surgical clipping,1 unrelated hemodynamic aneurysm was not embolized.In 23 cases,BAVM were completely embolized in 7 cases and incompletely embolized in 16 cases.A week after operation,the GOS score were 5 in 19 cases and 4 in 3 cases.The GOS score was not evaluated in the dead case.Except for 1 cases of death,the other 22 cases were followed up after embolization.No recurrence and intracranial hemorrhage occurred.Conclusion Interventional treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms combined with BAVM is safe and effective.Making treatment plan according to the hemodynamic characteristics of lesions and completely embolizing all lesions to prevent postoperative bleeding is helpful to improve the prognosis of patients.

The clinical application of CT-guided microcoil positioning of small pulmonary nodules in video-assisted thoracic surgery / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To assess the clinical value of preoperative CT-guided microcoil positioning of small solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) in assisting video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) procedure to more quickly and more precisely remove small pulmonary lesions.Methods The clinical data of 90 patients with SPN,who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from June 2014 to May 2016 to receive VATS,were retrospective analyzed.Preoperative CT-guided microcoil positioning of SPN was employed in 45 patients (group A),while other 45 patients (group B) did not receive preoperative positioning of SPN.The pulmonary lobar wedge resection time,the transfer rate of changing to open chest operation,postoperative hospitalization time,the success rate of microcoil positioning of SPN,complications,etc.of both groups were statistically analyzed.The safety of preoperative CT-guided microcoil positioning of SPN was evaluated,and its benefit-enhancing value for VATS was discussed.Results In group A,the success rate of VATS was 100％ and the success rate of SPN positioning was 95.6％.Postoperative complications included pneumothorax (n=5),pulmonay surface hemorrhage (n=6),and dislodgement of microcoil (n=2).In group B,the success rate of VATS was 84.4％ and the transfer rate of changing to open chest operation was 15.6％.In group A,the manipulation time of VATS was (17.7±2.8) min,the postoperative hospitalization time was (6.2±1.7) days,and the transfer rate of changing to open chest operation was 0％,which were strikingly lower than those in group B;the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Preoperative CT-guided microcoil positioning of small SPN can assist VATS procedure to remove small pulmonary lesions more quickly and more precisely,it can effectively reduce the transfer rate of changing to open chest operation,shorten the manipulation time of VATS as well as the postoperative hospitalization time.

Pathogenicity of ABC transporter SSU05 0946 of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To construct a mutant strain of Streptococcus suis type 2 05ZYH33 express-ing ABC transporter SSU05 0946 and to study the pathogenicity of ABC transporter SSU05 0946 for better understanding the immune evasion strategies by Streptococcus suis. Methods Genome of the Streptococcus suis type 2 05ZYH33 strain was extracted and used as a template to amplify SSU05 0946 upstream and down-stream homeodomains. Chloramphenicol-resistance gene was amplified by using pSET1 plasmid as the tem-plate. These three amplified fragments were fused and integrated with the thermo-sensitive plasmid pSET4s by using overlap extension PCR. Homologous recombination method was used to construct the mutant strain 05ZYH33Δ0946. Differences between the mutant and wild type strains were evaluated through bacterial ad-hesion assay,whole blood killing assay and challenge test in mice and piglets. Results The mutant strain 05ZYH33Δ0946 was successfully constructed. Results of bacterial adhesion assay demonstrated that SSU05 0946 was not involved in the adherence of Streptococcus suis to human epithelial cells. SSU05 0946 was an ovel anti-phagocytic factor and virulence factor of Streptococcus suis. Conclusion Streptococcus suis type 2 ABC transporter SSU05 0946 is a newly discovered virulence factor of Streptococcus suis, playing an impor-tant role in the evasion of host innate immunity by Streptococcus suis.

Vascular endothelial growth factor transfection induces human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiating into endothelial-like cells under hypoxia / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: It has been found that vascular endothelial growth factor can induce the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into endothelial cells, but can the vascular endothelial growth factor gene promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into vascular endothelial cells in the damaged organ under the hypoxic environment? OBJECTIVE: To observe whether human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by vascular endothelial growth factor could differentiate into vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia. METHODS: The third passage of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in vitro. Cells in the control group were cultured with conventional culture medium, while those in experimental group were cultured with adenovirus vector containing vascular endothelial growth factor in 5% O2. After 2 weeks of culture, morphological observation and surface-related molecular detection were performed. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelial nitric oxide synthase were detected by ELISA. The expression of endothelin and prostacyclin was detected by RT-PCR and western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The number of cells in the control group was more than that in the experimental group. The cells in the control group were crowded and arranged irregularly, showing a fiber-like growth, while those in the experimental group were mostly triangular or polygonal, exhibiting a colony-like growth. (2) CD31 was negative in the control group, while CD105 was positive and the positive rate was 99.7%, indicating that the cells still showed the phenotype of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The positive rate ofCD31 was significantly increased to 30.33% in the experimental group and the positive rate of CD105 expression was decreased to 58.11%, indicating a typical phenotype of endothelial cells. (3) Compared with the control group, the expression of endothelin, vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelial nitric oxide synthase increased significantly in the experimental group (P < 0.05), and the expression of prostacyclin decreased significantly (P < 0.05). All these findings indicate that vascular endothelial growth factor can promote the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia.

Endovascular treatment of intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To investigate the characteristics of intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms,and to evaluate the clinical outcomes of interventional endovascular therapy.Methods The clinical and imaging data,interventional therapy and observed effect,postoperative follow-up results of 40 patients with intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms treated with interventional endovascular therapy were analyzed retrospectively.Results Forty-two posterior circulation aneurysms were detected in 40 patients,and were treated successfully.Endovascular treatments included simple coil embolization (n=8),stem-assisted coil embolization (n=28),simple Onyx embolotherapy (n =1),aneurysms and parent artery occlusion (n=5).DSA performed immediately after treatment revealed that complete occlusion were achieved in 30 aneurysms,nearly complete occlusion in 6 aneurysms and partial occlusion in 6 aneurysms.DSA performed 6 months after treatment revealed that complete occlusion were achieved in 36 aneurysms,nearly complete occlusion in 4 aneurysms and partial occlusion in 1 aneurysms.At the time of discharge,the modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores were 0 point in 35 patients,1 point in 3 patients,2 point in 1 patient and 6 point in 1 dead patient.Three to six months after discharge from hospital,the mRS scores were 0 point in 38 patients and 1 point in 1 patient.No new neurological dysfunction or aneurysms recurred.Conclusion The intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms have special clinical and imaging features,and most of intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms are complex.Endovascular treatment is safe and effective for the intracranial posterior circulation aneurysms.