Effect of botulinum toxin type A injection into the masseter muscle on mandibular development in rats / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection into the masseter muscle on mandibular development in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>12 28-day-old Wistar rats were divided into two groups as Botox group (n= 6) and control group (n = 6) which received anesthesia only. In Botox group, Botox was injected into the right masseter muscle, while only sterile saline into the left muscle. When the rats were 75-day-old, CT scan and 3D reconstruction were performed for cephalometry. The masseter muscles at both sides were weighed. Histologic study of masseter muscle and mandible was also performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The weight of right masseter muscle was (0.4575 +/- 0.0940) g in Botox group, and (0.8899 +/- 0.1030) g in control group (< 0.05). The mandibular height II and III was (10.8 +/- 0.8) mm and (9.5 +/- 0.6) mm in Botox group and (12.5 +/- 0.6) mm and (10.7 +/- 0.4) mm in control group, respectively (P < 0.05). The intergonial distance was (11.6 +/- 0.6) mm and (12.4 +/- 0. 6) mm in Botox and control group, respectively (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>When the rats receive Botox injection into the masseter muscle at young age, the grown-up rats have a decreased mandibular height, but the mandibular length and intergonial distance are not affected.</p>

Modified technique for correction of the orbital hypertelorism / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the possibility of para-orbital soft-tissue expansion, before orbital osteotomy and medial translocation procedures with a combined intracranial-extracranial approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue expansion in the region of the zygomatic and temporal has been undergone for 3 weeks before the traditional intracranial-extracranial approach for orbital osteotomy and medial translocation in two patients. The healing between the orbital bone was studied with measurement of interorbital distance and three-dimensional CT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The inter-orbital distance of the two patients decreased from 4.4 cm and 3.2 cm to 2.0 cm and 1.4 cm. The intercanthal distance decreased from 6.7 cm and 4.8 cm to 5.0 cm and 3.8 cm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The para-orbital soft-tissue expansion technique may be an effective technique for the stability of the corrected interorbital distance in orbital hypertelorism.</p>